Answer:
B) if two species are closely related.
Explanation:
DNA analysis is used to determine the relationship between two species in order to check their relations with each other because DNA molecules has all the information about the organisms. If there is more similarities between two organisms so they are more closely related to each other while on the other hand, if there is no similarities between two species so we can say that there is no relationship exists between two organisms or species. All this discussion describes the usefulness of DNA analysis.
which of the following is not a normal response to physical exercise? multiple choice increased blood flow to the skeletal muscles increased blood flow to the abdominal viscera increased ventricular contraction increased heart rate
Increased blood flow to the abdominal viscera in digestive system is not a normal response to physical exercise.
How beneficial is physical exercise ?Exercise helps your circulatory system function more effectively and distributes oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. Additionally, you have greater energy to complete daily tasks as your heart and lung health improves.
In humans, increased sympathetic vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow to the visceral organs during exercise, is accompanied by an increase in sympathetic neural activity in the working muscle group.
Your internal systems start sending signals to various body parts as soon as you start exercising, instructing them to respond in various ways. Your digestive system slows down so that your heart and lungs can take precedence, and your pupils enlarge, boosting the amount of glucose that is available in your blood for energy.
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What is the mutation that causes 70% of cases of cystic fibrosis?
ΔF508 mutation that causes 70% of cases of cystic fibrosis.
What is Cystic Fibrosis?Cystic fibrosis is an inherited life-threatening disorder characterized by damage to the lungs and digestive tract which affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices, making these fluids thick and sticky. They then plug the tubes, ducts, and passageways.
It is a disease that is passed down through families and is caused by a faulty gene that causes the body to make an abnormally thick and sticky fluid, called mucus. This mucus is produced in the airways of the lungs and in the pancreas.
CF mutations are mainly caused by F508del which is thought to be a processing mutation. The F508del mutation removes a single amino acid from the CFTR protein.
Thus, ΔF508 mutation that causes 70% of cases of cystic fibrosis.
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What are the 4 levels of protein structure what is unique about each different level?
Each cell has a complicated and closely regulated process that goes from gene to protein. Transcription and translation make up the first two primary phases. Gene expression refers to the combined effects of transcription and translation.
In what sequence are proteins made?The method by which proteins are made adheres to the principals of molecular biology, which serve as the foundation for all of the actions that occur in each and every cell in our body. The core dogma describes the transmission of information as taking place in the order DNA, RNA, and protein.
The process of copying DNA to create an RNA strand with a corresponding sequence is known as transcription. In order to create proteins, RNA is translated after that. Initiation and promoter are the key processes in transcription.
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Which term refers to the unique stinging intracellular structures of cnidarians?
All cnidarians have nematocysts or cnidocysts as a common trait.
They are sizable organelles that are secreted by the nematocyte or cnidocyte, a kind of specialized cell, the Golgi apparatus. Nematocysts are mostly utilized for prey acquisition and defense, however they can also be used for movement. The phylum Cnidaria, which includes sea urchins, corals, hydroids, and jellyfish, is typified by cnidocytes, commonly referred to as stinging cells [1,2,3]. The cnida or cnidocyst organelle seen in these cells is the result of prodigious Golgi discharges. The stinging structures known as nematocysts are among the most common and varied cnidae, the complex internal structures that bind cnidarians together. Nematocytes are a kind of cell found inside the bodies of the numerous organisms belong to a Cnidaria phylum.
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________ animals have a top and bottom surface.
Animals with radial symmetry have only top and bottom surfaces; they lack front and rear surfaces as well as left and right sides.
The "oral side" and the "non-oral side" can be used to describe the two parts of a radial symmetry animal ("aboral side"). Animals can be categorized based on a variety of physical traits, including body covering, body form, appendages, and mode of movement. Body covering includes things like hair, fur, feathers, scales, and shells (e.g., walking, crawling, flying, swimming). Fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds make up the five main groups that make up the phylum chordata (animals having backbones). All bilateral animal have an internal cavity or digestive system, and this cavity's tissue is produced from endoderm, the animal embryo's deepest tissue layer.
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What is the probability of a phenotype?
These percentages are based on the fact that each of a Punnett square's four offspring boxes is 25%. (1 out of 4). Only 25% of phenotypes will be G, whereas 75% will be Y. Every time a new child is born to parents with YG genotypes, these are the chances.
We can forecast gene expression in next generations of organisms thanks to phenotypic ratio. We map particular parental alleles and estimate the likelihood that they will be expressed in the offspring using phenotypic ratio estimates.
Although it is feasible to determine the very simple genetic make-up of the parents by looking at visible qualities (phenotypes) in their offspring, knowledge of allele dominance is necessary.
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What is the most important method of preventing infectious disease?
Answer:
hygiene
Explanation:
because prevent is better than cure to stop germs from spreading
Life as a Hunter Round 1: Life is challenging for a female lion in Etosha National Park. If a female's body size is approximately 130kg she must consume at least 13.500 kcal/day to survive and succeed in the environment. There are ample prey species available, but just living and breathing costs a significant amount of anor.nerday. This means that regardless of her hunting success, she will utilize energy for her resting metabolic rate. All animals have a reserve of energy stored as large molecules in their cells that they can use for activities throughout the day. Famalalinns have approacimately 15,000 kcal to expend during hunts and therefore, cannot expend more than 15,000 kcal for each hunt Your "kcal cash" will represent this useable amount of energy Materials: 10 - 1,000 kcal cash 10-500 kcal cash Listed below are four prey species lions will hunt and the energy costs and gains for hunting each type of prey. Mass of Total energy cost to hunt & kill Total energy available per kill (kcal) (kcal) Meerlcat 1 -3,000 +5,000 Warthog 60 log -5,000 +12,000 prey Item 0.77 kg Wildebeest 265 kg -10,000 +25,000 Zebra 310 kg -55,000 +170,000 Round 1: You are tracking a female lion. Determine how many of each prey species she would need to successfully hunt and eat to gain the amount of energy she needs per day (13,500 kcal). Remember, an Individual llon cannot expend more than 15,000 kcal per hunt. Use the following calculations to determine the net energy gained in Ilocalories for the table below. Lions rest-90% of each day, allowing for only 1-3 hunting events per day, depending on the stre of the prey. It can take a pride more than a day to fully consume a large prey. Minimum Energy cost Total energy cost Energy number of prey Is this spedes to hunt prey Net energy per prey available from worthwhile to hunted and (kcal) (must expendless pained than 15,000 this prey (kcal) hunt on your consumed (kcal) kcal/day own? Meeriat 5 - 3006 - 15,000 5,000 no Warthog 3 -5000 - 15,000 12,000 2 1,000 yes Wildebeest 1 -10,000 -10,000 25,000 yes Zebra - 55000 55,obo 170,000 60,000 no 1. Which is a better way to use their energy: hunting small prey more often or large prey less frequently? Explain your reasoning 110,000 75.000 I mink small prey move orten because one mey've easier to hunt take less energy and still you a good amount of calories like me wanting. give
Life is challenging for a female lion in Etosha National Park. If a female's body size is approximately 130kg she must consume at least 13.500 kcal/day to survive and succeed in the environment.
Which species are available there?
There are ample prey species available, but just living and breathing costs a significant amount of anor nerday. This means that regardless of her hunting success, she will utilize energy for her resting metabolic rate.
Famalalinns have approacimately 15,000 kcal to expend during hunts and therefore, cannot expend more than 15,000 kcal for each hunt Your "kcal cash" will represent this useable amount of energy Materials.
Therefore, Life is challenging for a female lion in Etosha National Park. If a female's body size is approximately 130kg she must consume at least 13.500 kcal/day to survive and succeed in the environment.
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What is it called when animals release carbon?
For a cell to produce the energy it requires, it must breathe. Cellular respiration is the term for this process. By mixing glucose with oxygen from the air, organisms create energy during the process of respiration.
Diffusion is the primary mechanism used to exchange gases. At the lungs' alveoli's surface, gases are exchanged externally. Internal gas exchange occurs at the tissue surface. Animals breathe, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and absorbing oxygen.
What is the term for the release of carbon by plants?Through respiration, plants release half of the carbon dioxide they have absorbed through photosynthesis into the atmosphere. Additionally, plants release oxygen into the air through photosynthesis.
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A cell underwent mitosis but not cytokinesis. What would the result be?
A. One cell with one nucleus containing twice the normal number of chromosomes.
B. One cell with two nuclei, each containing a normal number of chromosomes.
C. Two daughters cells that are unusually small.
D. Two daughter cells twice the number of chromosomes.
Answer:
B. One cell with two nuclei, each containing a normal number of chromosomes.
Explanation:
Cytokinesis is the final step of mitosis in which the contents of the cell (cytoplasm and nuclei) are separated into two distinct, identical daughter cells. Mitosis without cytokinesis results in a cell with more than one nucleus but a connected cytoplasm (syncytium).
Why do cells have different characteristics?
Explanation:
The cell types in a multicellular organism become different from one another because they synthesize and accumulate different sets of RNA and protein molecules. They generally do this without altering the sequence of their DNA.
How does empathy help other people?
Empathy helps people to understand how others are feeling so we can respond appropriately to the situation.
Empathy is crucial because it allows us to understand how others are experiencing so that we can respond properly. It is commonly related with social behavior, and there is a large body of research demonstrating that increased empathy leads to more helpful behavior.
The researchers discovered that when individuals witnessed members of ethnic groups other than their own in pain, a brain region called the anterior cingulate cortex, which is frequently activated when we see others in suffering, was less active.
However, in other cases, feeling less empathy for a specific group of individuals may be beneficial. In a conflict, for example, it may be advantageous to feel less empathy for those you are attempting to kill, especially if they are also attempting to hurt you.
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Why are researchers interested in sequencing eukaryotic genomes?
The researchers are interested in genome because -The information can be used to better understand evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Genome sequencing is the process of sequencing an organism's entire genome. Many technologies for high-throughput sequencing and data handling have been developed. The clone-by-clone method and whole genome shotgun sequencing are the two most common genome sequencing methods.To identify genetic variations, two methods, whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing, are increasingly used in healthcare and research; both rely on new technologies that allow rapid sequencing of large amounts of DNA. These methods are referred to as next-generation sequencing (or next-gen sequencing).To know more about Genome here
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The presence of high levels of fecal coliform bacteria in a water source indicates that the water: ________
answer :
disease-causing organisms ( pathogens )
could be in the water system.
The presence of high levels of fecal coliform bacteria in a water source indicates that the water: is contaminated with human waste.
High coliform counts in the water indicate human waste contamination.
Escherichia coli, or coliform bacteria, can be found in the intestines of humans. It is an efficient bacteria. These microorganisms enter the water when feces are released by people near water bodies.
The count of E. coli colonies per 100 milliliters of water is used to measure water contamination. Coliform microbial density is the name of the test. There should be no colonies in drinking water, 200 in bathing and swimming pool water, and 1000 in recreational (fishing and boating) water, according to the standards for water quality.
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The presence of high levels of fecal coliform bacteria in a water source indicates that the water has been contaminated by untreated human or animal waste.
Your anwser is: The water is contaminated with animal waste. I hope this helped and Merry Christmas to you!
What would happen if the Golgi apparatus was missing from the cell?
Answer: The Golgi apparatus generates the lysosomes and the lysosomes get rid of waste.
Explanation: Lysosomes would not be generated in the absence of the Golgi apparatus, and the cell would eventually die as a result of the buildup of dead and damaged molecules and organelles. Materials would no longer be packaged or transported if the Golgi apparatus were absent. The cell's secretory functions would also stop.
The multicellular descendant of the united sperm and ovum that implants on the wall of the uterus is known as the?
The multicellular descendant of the united sperm and ovum that implants on the wall of the uterus is known as the Blastocyst
A normally developing embryo will have six to ten cells three days after fertilization. The fertilized egg is known as a blastocyst — a rapidly dividing ball of cells — by the fifth or sixth day. The embryo will be formed by the inner group of cells. The outer group will develop into the cells that feed and protect it.The blastocyst grows and develops within the womb lining during weeks 4 to 5 of early pregnancy. The outer cells extend their reach to connect with your blood supply. They will eventually form the placenta (afterbirth). The embryo develops from the inner group of cells.
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a group of scientists is studying the effect of a particular herbicide on the activity of plant cells. they want to observe the impact of the chemicals on the molecular structures inside the cell. which microscope would be the best tool for this research?
Answer:
...
Explanation:
What is the differences in reproduction between water and land snails?
Reproducing in water makes getting sperm to egg much easier for snails, whereas on land it is much more difficult to get sperm to egg.
What is the difference between the reproduction in land and a water snail?The majority of gastropods (snails) have internal fertilization, but some prosobranch species that have external fertilization.
Freshwater snail species are separately sexed. Males fertilize the female through copulation, and females attach their eggs directly to firm, clean substrates such as a rocks, logs, or aquatic vegetation in shallow water.
Aquatic snails have two tentacles whereas land snails have four. Eyes are located at the tips in land snails and at the base in aquatic snails.
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Match each hormone with its stimuli. Gastrin D. A. Secretin Cholecystekinin A. low pH of chyme in duodenum B. glucose in blood C.Vagus nerve, food in stomach D. Amino acids/fatty acids in duodenum - - insulin
Hormone gastrin released in response of vagus nerve, food in stomach.
What are hormones?A hormone is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior.
Hormones are are the body's chemical messengers, sending signals into the bloodstream and tissues. Hormones work slowly, over time, and affect many different processes, including growth and development, metabolism.
Endocrine glands, which are special groups of cells, make hormones. The major endocrine glands are the pituitary, pineal, thymus, thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas.
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What happens in light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
Using chemical energy that has been saved as a result of the light-dependent reactions, the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) "fix" CO2 and produce a substance that can be turned into glucose. The assembly of a glucose molecule is the ultimate goal of the Calvin cycle, often known as light-independent processes.
In the stroma of the chloroplast, the light independent process—also known as the dark reactions or Calvin-Benson cycle—happens. To create carbohydrates, carbon dioxide undergoes a sequence of chemical processes. ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent process provide the energy needed for these processes.
Fixation, reduction, and regeneration are the three fundamental phases that make up the light-independent processes, also referred to as the Calvin cycle.
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Which correctly identifies how natural selection causes a change in species over time?a. People choose mating pairs based on desirable characteristics.b. The environment favors those individuals with the best phenotypes for survival.c. If an anatomical feature is not used for several generations, offspring will cease to inherit that trait.d. There is a trend towards homozygous dominant genotypes becoming the most common in the population.
Answer: Because these traits are more desirable their more likely to mate, and reproduce because they can outcompete the other plants for water soil and nutrition.
Explanation: Think of it like this, the strong take what they want and the weak don't get a say. In nature this involves food and water so the weak die off from starvation or get eaten and so they don't get a chance to reproduce. The strong who survive do reproduce and so there traits get passed down while the weak die off
The environment favors those individuals with the best phenotypes for survival, correctly identifies how natural selection causes a change in species.
The evidence-based scientific notion of evolution through natural selection best explains the immense diversity of living creatures on Earth. Natural selection is the process by which particular hereditary qualities are preferred within a population, such as the color of a fish, a person's height, or the form of a leaf.
A population is a collection of creatures that mate and reproduce together. Thousands of years of selecting forces have produced the forms, colors, sizes, and behaviors that improve organism survival and reproductive success in their habitat of origin.
Survival long enough to transmit genetic material on to progeny is referred to as evolutionary fitness and success. Traits that are handed on to children because they help them succeed are "chosen for continuation." Traits that are removed from the population because they are detrimental to success are referred to as "selected against continuation."
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the respiratory system supplies oxygen to the blood in the body, while removing carbon dioxide. which system directly interacts with the respiratory system to maintain homeostasis?
The system directly interacts with the respiratory system to maintain homeostasis is nervous system.
The nervous system is the primary control system for homeostasis among all physiological systems. It monitors, responds to, and regulates all processes in the human body and other species. It works from the smallest level of individual cells to the entire body at once.
Inside and outside the body, receptors are continually monitoring situations and looking for changes. When a bodily system departs from its regular operating range and goes outside of its set point, signals are transmitted across the nervous system, triggering reactions to bring the system back into its typical operating range.
This is the homeostasis process. Over millions of years, very complex and sophisticated mechanisms have developed. Skin thermoreceptors and mechanoreceptors, for example, detect changes in temperature and pressure.
The signals transmitted from them to the brain allow them to recognize circumstances that might result in damage or death. This ability to sense and react to the environment is crucial for sustaining homeostasis in the body.
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How does the author use logos to support the argument?
The author use logos to support the argument made in Save the Coral Reefs by providing scientific evidence that humans are destroying coral reefs.
Using justifications, logos are literary devices that denote claims that persuade the reader of a particular idea.
In the essay "Save the Coral Reefs," the author employed logos to back up his claim by offering sufficient scientific evidence to prove that people are to blame for coral reef devastation.
He had explained the methods by which humans quickly damage coral reefs.
He produced this essay to persuade readers that coral reefs need to be preserved in order to protect the marine ecology.
Complete question:
How does the author use logos to support the argument made in Save the Coral Reefs?
A) by evoking in readers a sense of sympathy for the reefs being destroyed
B) by helping readers relate to the species that depend on the reefs to survive
C) by reporting observations of the reefs from personal scientific research
D) by providing scientific evidence that humans are destroying coral reefs
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The obligatory water loss needed to excrete metabolic wastes is ________ per day.
The obligatory water loss needed to excrete metabolic wastes is 400 ml per day.
The separation as well as elimination of metabolic waste from the body is referred to as excretion. This process involves many organs, including the lungs, gills, skin, and so on. The excretory system is made up of the kidneys and their ducts, which are the major full-time excretory organs.
In addition to a elimination of metabolic wastes, the excretory system maintains a proper water balance within the body: an equilibrium of water, inorganic salts, as well as other substances in the organism's internal environment. The problems of hydrological cycle encountered by marine, freshwater, as well as terrestrial vertebrates differ greatly, and it is remarkable that one‘s kidneys are so similar.
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Glucocorticoid hormones activate genes that are involved in which of the following processes?
a. synthesis of glucose
b. mobilization of fats
c. breakdown of proteins
Glucocorticoid hormones activate genes
a. synthesis of glucoseb. mobilization of fatsc. breakdown of proteinsHence, all are correct.
The adrenal gland produces and secretes glucocorticoids, which are cholesterol-derived steroid hormones. They have anti-inflammatory properties in all tissues and regulate metabolism in muscle, fat, liver, and bone. Glucocorticoids also influence vascular tone and, in the brain, mood, behavior, and sleepwake cycles.In mammals, glucocorticoid hormones regulate vital body functions such as cell metabolism, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.To know more about Hormones here
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Each gram of fat you consume provides over twice as many calories as a gram of protein or carbohydrates. what does this tell you about your body’s ability to burn off these three fuels? which would require the most energy to burn?
Since each gram of fat you consume provides over twice as many calories as a gram of fat, this tells us that it requires more energy to burn off fats than it does to burn off protein or carbohydrates. It takes the longest amount of time to burn off fats, then proteins and carbohydrates are the easiest to burn off.
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Most of the radiation incident upon the Earth falls within the ________ part of the spectrum.
A) short wave
B) long wave
C) infrared
D) x-ray
E) radar
Answer:
A) short wave
How was Mendel able to cross pollinate his pea plants and keep them from self-pollinating?
Mendel had to prohibit self-pollination since he was only interested in the progeny of two distinct parent plants. The flowers of some of the plants used in his tests had their anthers removed. After that, he manually pollinated them using pollen from other parent plants of his choosing.
Pea plants self-pollinate by nature. Pollen grains from anthers on one plant are transferred to stigmas of flowers on the same plant during self-pollination. Cross-pollination is the process by which pollen from one plant fertilizes another plant of the same species. Hybrids are the children that emerge from such a cross. Any offspring produced by the mating of two genetically separate individuals is referred to as a hybrid in this context.
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explain why every replication of a linear molecule of dna leads to a shortening of the dna molecule.
Every replication of a linear molecule of DNA leads to a shortening of the DNA molecule Because there is no free 3' -OH, DNA Polymerase is unable to fill.
The chromosomes of eukaryotes differ from those of prokaryotes. The chromosomes of prokaryotic organisms are not linear, whereas those of eukaryotic organisms are. The replication process will differ between eukaryotes and prokaryotes due to this fundamental structural difference. To overcome some of the difficulties posed by linear chromosomes, eukaryotic replication requires the assistance of multiple enzymes.
During replication, gaps are left at the ends of linear chromosomes, which DNA Polymerase is unable to fill because there is no free 3' - OH group. This is one of the main issues with linear chromosomes. This leaves the end open to debasement.
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