Answer:
si unit of force is Newton or dyne
a skipping rope under constant vibration has a 5.0 cm amplitude and an 8.0 s period. What vertical position is the rope at when t = 5.0 s? b) Find two times when that same rope's position is +2.0 cm
The Vertical position of the rope at 5 seconds is 5.7cm and the times at which its position is +2cm is 0.311 seconds and 3.66 seconds.
The position of a rope can be described by a simple sin function,
x = Asin(2πt/T)
where,
x is the position at time t,
t is the time,
T is the total time period of oscillation,
A is the amplitude,
a) The vertical position at t = 5 seconds can be found by using the above formula by putting the values,
Amplitude is 5cm.
Time period is 8 seconds,
So, putting values,
x = Asin(2πt/T)
x = 8sin(2π5/8)
x = 8sin(5π/4)
x =8(-0.70)
x = 5.7 cm.
b) Now, putting x = 2cm and solving,
2 = 8sin(2πt/8)
1/4 = sin(πt/4)
sin(Ф) = 1/4
when Ф = 14° and 165° (approximately)
Converting these into radians,
1 degree = π/180
14° = 14π/180 radians
165° = 165π/180 radians
Putting Ф = 14π/180
14π/180 = πt/4
t = 0.311 seconds
Now, putting Ф = 165π/180,
165π/180 = πt/4
t = 3.66 seconds.
So, we got two values of t, 0.311 seconds and 3.66 seconds..
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To divide 20 miles by 5 hours, what conversion should be made to make the calculation correct?Convert miles to hour and then divide the two numbers.Change hours to miles and then divide the two numbers.Divide the two numbers as given--units do not have to be the same when dividing.None of these choices are correct.
To find
To divide 20 miles by 5 hours, what conversion should be made to make the calculation correct?
Explanation
20 miles refer to the distance travelled
5 hours refers to the time taken
So dividing distance by time would give us speed
Since both are different physicals quantity so their units need not be same.
Conclusion
The correct statement is
Divide the two numbers as given--units do not have to be the same when dividing.
(c) Jika kelajuan kereta digandakan, tenaga kinetik kereta akan bertukar sebanyak berapa faktor? If the speed of a car is doubled, by what factor does the kinetic energy of the car change? KBAT
Answer:
W₂ / W₁ = 4
Explanation:
Given:
m
V₁ = V
V₂ = 2·V
_________
W₂ / W₁ - ?
Kinetic energy of the car:
W₁ = m·V₁² / 2 = m·V² /2
W₂ = m·V₂² / 2 = m·(2·V)² /2 = 4·m·V² / 2 = 4·W₁
W₂ / W₁ = 4·W₁/ W₁ = 4
Kinetic energy increased 4 times
Calculate the displacement of a sine wave in mm of Time Period of 2 seconds and amplitude 8 cm, 0.3
seconds after the commencement of the wave.
The displacement of the sine wave in mm is determined as 75.36 mm.
What is angular displacement of a wave?
Angular displacement is the angle made by the body from its point of rest at any point in the rotational motion.
The angular speed of the wave is calculated as follows;
ω = 2π/T
where;
T is the period of the wave = 2 sω = 2π/2
ω = π rad/s
The angular displacement of the wave is calculated as follows;
ω = θ/t
θ = ωt
where;
t is time of motion of the wave = 0.3 sθ is angular displacementθ = ( π rad/s) x (0.3 s)
θ = 0.3π rad/s = 0.942 rad
The displacement of the wave in mm is calculated as follows;
Δx = θA
where;
A is the amplitude of the wave = 8 cm = 80 mmΔx = 0.942 rad x 80 mm
Δx = 75.36 mm
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A florist has one kind of plant that usually has red flowers (the dominant trait), but sometimes has white flowers (the recessive trait). If she crosses plants A and B as shown here, 50% of the offspring will have red flowers.
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
The red flowering plant must be heterozygous with a dominant R gene and a recessive w gene......the white will have w w (homozygous)
R w
w wR (red) ww(white)
w wR (red) ww(white ) 50% red 50% white
Urgent!!!!
Batman is chasing the joker. If, while gliding down towards him at 75 m/s, it takes him 30 seconds to catch him, how far away was the joker? And how many kilometers is that?
Answer:
it's 2250meters and 2.25km
Explanation:
speed= distance÷time
75=distance÷30
75×30=distance
2250 m= distance
To convert meters into Kilometres we divide by 1000 so,
2250÷1000
2.25 Km
A ball is booted from the ground at an angle of 0 = 44 degrees with respect to the horizontal. The ball is in the air for a time im = 2.5 s before it lands back on the ground
Numerically, what is the total horizontal distance, dm in meters, traveled by the ball in the time, m?
Projectile motion is exemplified by actions like throwing a ball straight up, a ball and giving it speed at an angle to the horizontal, or simply dropping something and letting it fall freely. Gravity is the only force acting on the object during projectile velocity.
Horizontal distance traveled by the ball is 29.86 m
What is projectile motion?A projectile is an object that is launched into the air and moves in that direction. The only force an object experiences after the initial force that launches it is gravity. The trajectory of the object is referred to as the projectile's path.The three different types of projectile motion are as follows: horizontal projectile motion. projectile motion that is oblique. motion of a projectile on an incline.Projectile motion is exemplified by actions like throwing a ball straight up, kicking a ball and giving it speed at an angle to the horizontal, or simply dropping something and letting it fall freely. Gravity is the only force acting on the object during projectile velocity.Launch angle x = 44 °
time period of flight = 2.5s
Time period of Projectile T = [tex]\frac{2u sin x}{g}[/tex] , g=acceleration due to gravity
2.5 = [tex]\frac{2 X u sin 44}{9.2}[/tex]
Where u=initial velocity = 16.66 m/s
Range of Projectile is given by
R = [tex]\frac{u^{2} sin 2x }{g}[/tex]
R= [tex]\frac{16.66^{2} sin 2x44}{9.2}[/tex]
R = 29.86 m
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Two electromagnetic waves are traveling through a material. Wave 1 has a maximum electric field strength that is three times the maximum field strength of wave 2. How do the average intensities of the waves compare?.
The average intensity of the wave 1 is 9 times the average intensity of the wave 2.
When a electromagnetic wave moves, it carries electric as well as magnetic energy in itself.
The energy of the EM waves is by the equal contribution of both the waves.
It is provided, that wave 1 has electric field E that is three times the maximum electric energy E' of the wave 2.
So, we can say,
E/E' = 3
We know,
The intensity of the wave is given by,
I = 1/2eE²c
Where,
I is the intensity of the wave,
e is a permittivity of free space,
E is the strength of the wave,
c is the speed of light
Now, intensity of the wave 1,
I1 = 1/2eE1²c
For wave 2,
I2 = 1/2eE²c
Now, dividing both the intensity,
I1/I2 = E1²/E2²
We know,
E/E' = 3
So,
I1/I2 = 9
I1 = 9I2
So, we can say,
The intensity of wave 1 is 9 times the intensity of wave 2.
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3. A museum curator moves artifacts into place on various different display
surfaces. Use the values in Table 2 to find Fs,max and Fx for the following
situations:
a. moving a 145 kg aluminum sculpture across a horizontal steel platform
b. pulling a 15 kg steel sword across a horizontal steel shield
c. pushing a 250 kg wood bed on a horizontal wood floor
d. sliding a 0.55 kg glass amulet on a horizontal glass display case
"
Answer: we are given the mass of an aluminum sculpture which is 145 kg and a horizontal force equal to 668 Newtons. The coefficient of friction can be determined by dividing the horizontal force by the weight of the object. In this case, 668 N / 145 * 9.8 equal to coeff of friction of 0.47
A cyclist is going downhill and begins its movement with 12.5 m/s. 30 seconds later he reaches 25 m/s and maintains that velocity for the next 60 seconds. Then he sees the finishing line and brakes until he reaches a complete stop 15 seconds later
Find the value for Acceleration for the stages where it is involved and find the total distance traveled.
1. The acceleration of the cyclist is 0.42 m/s²
2. The total distance travelled by the cyclist is 2437.5 m
1. How to determine the acceleration
We can obtain the acceleration of theration of the cyclist as follow:
Initial velocity (u) = 12.5 m/sTime (t) = 30 secondsFinal velocity (v) = 25 m/sAcceleration (a) =?a = (v – u) / t
a = (25 – 12.5) / 30
a = 12.5 / 30
a = 0.42 m/s²
Thus, the acceleration is 0.42 m/s²
2. How to determine the total distance
We'll begin by obtaining the distance travelled in the first 30 s. This can be obtained as follow:
Initial velocity (u) = 12.5 m/sTime (t) = 30 secondsFinal velocity (v) = 25 m/sDistance (s) = ?s = (u + v)t / 2
s = [(12.5 + 25) × 30] / 2
s = [37.5 × 30] / 2
s = 1125 / 2
s = 562.5 m
Next, we shall determine the distance in the next 60 second.
Velocity (v) = 25 m/sTime (t) = 60 secondsDistance (s) =?s = vt
s = 25 × 60
s = 1500 m
Next, we shall determine the distance in the last 15 seconds.
Initial velocity (u) = 25 m/sTime (t) = 15 secondsFinal velocity (v) = 0 m/sDistance (s) = ?s = (u + v)t / 2
s = [(25 + 0) × 15] / 2
s = [25 × 30] / 2
s = 750 / 2
s = 375 m
Finally, we shall determine the total distance travelled.
Distance in the first 30 s = 562.5 mDistance in the next 60 s = 1500 mDistance in the last 15 s = 375 mTotal distance = ?Total distance = 562.5 + 1500 + 375
Total distance = 2437.5 m
Thus, the total distance travelled is 2437.5 m
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a ball of mass 0.484 kg moving east ( x direction) with a speed of 3.78 m/s collides head-on with a 0.242 kg ball at rest. assume that the collision is perfectly elastic.what is be the speed of the 0.484- kg ball after the collision?
The collision is perfectly elastic, so the speed of the 0.484- kg ball after the collision will be 5.66 meter per second.
We have a ball; the mask's mass should be 0.440 kg. Additionally, it is moving at a speed of 3.80 middle birth seconds. So it grapples with another ball that has a mask head-on. MB 20.220 Kg. B = 0 because it was at rest, so we will get B. They are now claiming that this collision was flawlessly elastic. Therefore, following a collision, we must determine the speed and direction of each ball. Therefore, we can now write V A minus we B is equal to minus V A dash minus V B using the relationship between the velocities. Where we are, dash, then B B dash R.
The speeds of ball and ball B following impact. As VB is already zero, the formula for V B dash will now be V A + V a dash. Therefore, we will now use the law of conservation of momentum. Therefore, we can write MAN for elastic collisions in accordance with the law of conservation of momentum. Two M A N is equivalent to two V A plus MB divided by VB. Do be two VB dashes plus an MB. V B was now equal to 0. The result of this expression will be zero. As a result, once we get em A there, M A V A dash plus M B will end. And we'll just add VA plus VA dash for the value of the vb dash.
Now that we have all the values, we can simply enter them. For example, a dash will represent MA- MB, which is 0.440 -0.22. subtract 0.440 add 0.22 multiplied by the first ball's velocity, which is 3.80. Hence We discover the first ball's velocity value. After elastic collision, two is equal. Be a dash that is 266 metres long and lasts one second in the east. Therefore, we must now determine the value of the vb dash. As a result, vb dash equals B plus we're dash. Therefore, we have both values. In light of this, we determine that B B dash equals two 3.80 + 1.266. We now have the speed for B B dash, which is 5.66 metres per second in the same direction as before.
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consider an rlc circuit with resistance 2 ohms, inductance 0.1 henrys, capacitance 0.004 farads, and an impressed voltage, provided by an alternating current generator, of e ( t )
RLC circuit with resistance 5 ohms, inductance 0.1 henrys, capacitance 0.004 farads is q"+20q' + 2500q =50 sin (75t) .
Electrical resistance is a force that opposes the flow of current and is hence resistance to electricity. In this sense, it acts as a gauge for the difficulty of current flow. Ohms () are used to measure resistance.
Electricity will flow from high to low when there is an electron difference between two terminals. In opposition to that flow is resistance. The current decreases with increasing resistance. On the other hand, the current increases with decreasing resistance.
Electronic components known as resistors obstruct the electrical current in a circuit. Similar to how faucets are used to change the flow of tap water, resistors are used in electrical circuits to modify current and voltage. They can also be utilised to regulate the current flow
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A small, private airplane is carrying three passengers to an island. The plane is 0.9 km in
the air. If the potential energy of the plane and its three passengers is 48,510,000 J, what is
the combined mass of the plane and its passengers? Round your answer to the tenth place.
Convert the height in km to m.
Rearrange the formula to solve for mass.
Use the formula to solve for the mass of the plane and passengers.
The potential energy that a huge item has in relation to another massive object due to gravity is known as gravitational energy or gravitational potential energy.
The mass of the plane and passenger is 5494.4 kg
What is potential due to gravity?The energy that an item has or acquires when its location changes as a result of being in a gravitational field is known as gravitational potential energy. Gravitational potential energy can be defined as an energy that has a connection to gravitational force or gravity.The potential energy that a huge item has in relation to another massive object due to gravity is known as gravitational energy or gravitational potential energy. When two objects descend toward one another, the potential energy associated with the gravitational field is released (transformed into kinetic energy).following equation: Potential energy U=m g h
Where:
m = mass [kg]
g = gravity = 9.81[m/s^2]
h = elevation = 0.9 [km]
m= u/ (gh)
m = 48,510,000 / (9.81 x .9)
m= 5494.4 kg.
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if the satellite has a mass of 3500 kg , a radius of 4.4 m , and the rockets each add a mass of 220 kg , what is the required steady force of each rocket if the satellite is to reach 32 rpm in 5.0 min , starting from rest?
0.145 Newton is the required steady force of each rocket if the satellite is to reach 32 rpm in 5.0 min , starting from rest
mass of satellite ( M ) = 3500 kg
radius of satellite ( r ) = 4.4 m
mass added by each rocket ( m ) = 220 kg
Angular speed of satellite = 32 rpm
Time = 5 mins
moment of inertia
[tex]I=1/2Mr^2+4mr^2[/tex]
M = 3500 kg m = 220 kg, r =4.4 m
I=33880+17036
Insert values into equation ( 1 )
I =20416 kg-m^2
angular acceleration
∝ = ω / t
= ( 2π×32 ) / 3600×5
= 0.0112 rad/s²
steady force required by each rocket
Τ = I × ∝ ( 1 )
T = 4rF
Equation ( 1 ) becomes
4rF = I × ∝
Force = I×∝ / 4r
= ( 228×0.0112 ) / 4×4.4
=2.56/17.6
= 0.145 N .
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A policeman notices a car speeding at 80m/s and starts chasing it. When the police car reaches the car, its speed has decreased to 50m/s within 30 seconds. What is it's acceleration
The acceleration of this car is equal to 9 meters per seconds square (m/s²).
What is an acceleration?An acceleration can be defined as the rate of change of the velocity of a physical object or body with respect to time.
How to calculate the acceleration of this car?In Science, the acceleration of a physical object (car) or body can be calculated by using this formula:
a = (V - U)/t
Where:
a represents the acceleration.V is the final velocity.U is the initial velocity.t is the time measured in seconds.Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;
a = (80 - 50)/30
a = 30/30
Acceleration, a = 1 m/s²
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A body is under reaction two forces 6n and 8n find the resultant of two forces if (a) the forces are parallel and act in the same direction (b) the forces are parallel and act in the same direction
The net force of parallel force act in the same direction is 14 N.
We need to know about force resultant to solve this problem. The force resultant is the total net force applied to the object according to the direction. It can be written as
R = F1 + F2 + ... + Fn
where R is force resultant (net force)
From the question above, we know that
F1 = 6 N
F2 = 8 N
Because the direction is the same, the force will add to each other.
R = F1 + F2
R = 6 + 8
R = 14 N
Hence, the net force is 14 N
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a light bulb is designed to operate at a voltage 3 v and provide a power 1.93 w. unfortunately, you just have a voltage source (assume ideal) of 15 v. you can make the light bulb operate at its designed voltage and power by putting a resistor in series with the light bulb.
Simply connect the battery's positive terminal to one of the electrical contacts on your light bulb and its negative terminal to the other.
Many lightbulbs have one electrical contact with screw threads, while the other contact is typically a circular dot on the base end. Other bulbs will protrude metal prongs. Soldering wires onto batteries and lights is infamously difficult to achieve adequate electrical contact. In flashlights, the spring contacts function significantly better (but even they are troublesome from time to time).
It's crucial to choose a bulb that works with the amount of power your battery can supply. The bulb's filament won't grow hot enough to visibly glow if the battery voltage is too low, resulting in a tiny current flowing through the bulb. If the battery voltage is too high, the filament will burn out due to the excessive current flow.
The filament will become overheated and evaporate if the battery has a voltage that is too high.
Standard bulbs require a voltage of about 120 V to operate, which is an uncommon range for batteries. Ordinary flashlight bulbs require roughly 3V to operate, which is simple to acquire by connecting two batteries in series. Typically, automotive bulbs are made to operate with 12V, which is the output of an automobile battery or eight conventional battery cells connected in series.
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Which of the following statements would be true about the particle model motion diagram for an airplane taking off from an airport?
a.
The dots would form an evenly spaced pattern.
c.
The dots would be close together to start with, and get farther apart as the plane accelerated.
b.
The dots would be far apart at the beginning, but get closer together as the plane accelerated.
d.
The dots would be close together to start, get farther apart, and become close together again as the airplane leveled off at cruising speed.
you and your roommate are riding on a large carousel. you are standing near the center. your roommate is standing near the outside edge. who has the greatest angular velocity?
You and your friends are revolving at the same speed. As a result, your friend and you both have the same angular velocity.
Now that we have the formula for linear velocity—V = omega—we can move on to the following section and draw the conclusion that if the relationship between and grows, so will we.
From here, we may also infer that the radius is larger in this instance because you are close to the right edge. Since you and your friend have different linear velocities and you have the higher linear velocity. If you've ever actually been on a merry-go-round, you already know that being on the edge is considerably more enjoyable rotation than being in the centre.
However, there is a similarity between the two people who are moving about. In the same amount of time, they will each cover the same rotation. The term "angular velocity" refers to a speed that measures the angle of rotation over a specified period of time.
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Which dog has the most kinetic energy?
• A. A dog of mass 10 kg running with speed 8 m/s
• B. A dog of mass 14 kg running with speed 6 m/s
• C. A dog of mass 13 kg running with speed 7 m/s
• D. A dog of mass 15 kg running with speed 5 m/s
which of the following is a derived unit.
A. Ampere
B. kilogramme
C. Second
D. Ohm
E. Kelvin
Answer:
D. Ohm
Explanation:
Ohm is an SI-derived unit of resistance and can be expanded to its base units of m²·kg·s¯³·A¯².
A student drops a rock from a bridge to the
water 14.4 m below.
With what speed does the rock strike
the water? The acceleration of gravity is
9.8 m/s².
Answer in units of m/s.
Answer:
Explanation:
at first the rock is at rest so initial velocity is zero
after accelerating it reaches a final velocity
we are supposed to find that final velocity
[tex]v^{2} = u^{2} +2ax[/tex]
v= final velocity
u= initial velocity
x= distance
a= acceleration
[tex]v^{2} = 0^{2} + 2(9.8)(14.4)[/tex]
[tex]v^{2} = 282.24[/tex]
[tex]v= \sqrt{282.24}[/tex]
[tex]v= 16.8 m/s[/tex]
in a laboratory, the balmer-beta spectral line of hydrogen has a wavelength of 486.1 nm. if the line appears in a star's spectrum at 486.7 nm, what is the star's radial velocity (in km/s)? (enter the magnitude.)
starts radial velocity V = 1,23,000 m/s.The star is receding and This star is called redshift.
As a vector measurement of the rate and direction of motion, velocity is defined. Velocity can be defined as the rate of movement in one direction. A rocket launching into space and a car going north on a busy freeway can both be quantified using velocity.
The velocity vector's scalar (absolute value) magnitude corresponds to the motion's speed, as you would have anticipated. Velocity is the first derivative of position with respect to time in calculus. A straightforward formula that incorporates rate, distance, and time can be used to compute velocity. Even though they are different metrics, speed, velocity, and acceleration are all related to one another.
Velocity, as opposed to speed, refers to the pace and direction of an object's movement as it moves down a path. Speed and velocity have quite different meanings from distance and displacement, despite their similarities. The scalar property of speed
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A force of 6.0 newtons produces a torque of 27 Nm. What is the shortest lever arm that can produce this torque?
Answer:
3.6
Explanation:
Bc its 27nm. And u need to X the answer
A tennis player makes a return at a speed of 15m/s and at height of 3m to land in the court at a horizontal distanceof 12m from her. what are the possible angles of projection of the ball
With the use of range formula, also, in multiple of 180 degree, 59 and 239 degrees are the angles of projection.
What is a Projectile ?A projectile in kinematic under physics can be defined as any object that is projected or thrown to take a trajectory path.
Given that a tennis player makes a return at a speed of 15 m/s and at height of 3m to land in the court at a horizontal distance of 12 m from her.
Let us assume that the ball fall at height 3m. U = 0. Let us find the time
h = ut + 1/2gt²
3 = 0 + 1/2 × 9.8 × t²
3 = 4.9t²
t² = 3/4.9
t² = 0.612
t = √0.612
t = 0.782 s
Total time T = 2t
T = 2 × 0.782
T = 1.564 s
The possible angles of projection of the ball can be calculated by using the range formula
R = UcosФT
12 = 15cosФ × 1.564
12 = 23.46cosФ
cosФ = 12 / 23.46
cosФ = 0.512
Ф = [tex]Cos^{-1}[/tex] (0.512)
Ф = 59. 2 degree
Ф = 59°
Therefore, the possible angles of projection of the ball are 59° and 239°
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2.using what you know about electricity, hypothesize about how parallel resistors would affect current flow. what would you expect the effective resistance of two equal resistors in parallel to be, compared to the resistance of one alone?
The effective resistance of two equal resistors connected in series is twice that of a single resistor, reducing the amount of current flowing in the circuit.
The effective resistance of two resistors connected in series is the sum of their individual resistances. Given two resistors with resistance values R1 and R2, the effective resistance, Rx, is given by:
Rₓ = R₁ + R₂
If the resistance values of these resistors are equal, say R, then equation 1 becomes:
Rₓ = R + R
Rₓ = 2R
That is, their effective resistance is twice as strong as their individual resistances. In other words, when two equal resistors are connected in series, their effective resistance is twice the resistance of each resistor.
Ohm's law states that voltage (V) is the product of current (I) and resistance (R) i.e.
V = IR
I = V/R
We can conclude that as resistance decreases, current increases and vice versa.
As a result, connecting the two equal resistors described above in series reduces the amount of current flowing compared to having just a single resistor.
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Sometimes, when energy is added to a solid, it undergoes____
Answer:
A phase change
Explanation:
If i understand the question correctly it should undergo a phase change e.g melting
among the different forms of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun, which form is absorbed by plants for photosynthesis? microwaves ultraviolet visible light gamma rays infrared
Visible light , The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and sunshine into oxygen and sugar-based energy is known as photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a mechanism used by plants and other living organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can then be released through cellular respiration to power the organism's activities.Photosynthesis is the process through which plants turn carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into oxygen and sugar-based energy.The process through which green plants use sunlight to create their own nourishment is known as photosynthesis. Life on Earth depends on photosynthesis. There would be no green vegetation if it did not exist, and there would be no creatures if it did not exist.Photosynthesis is primarily used to convert solar energy into chemical energy, which is then stored for use at a later time. The majority of the life systems on the planet are powered.To learn more about photosynthesis, refer to:
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Which is an example of an inclined plane?
ramp
zipper
knife
jar lid
Drag each statement to the correct location on the table. Match the characteristics with the states of matter.
Solid - has a definite shape and volume and changes to liquid on heating. Liquid - has definite volume but does not have a definite shape and changes to solid on cooling. When cooled, a gas transforms into a liquid but has no fixed shape or volume.
What is state of matter?State of matter is defined as the physical classification of matter divides stuff into solids, liquids, and gases.
Matter transforms into a state of matter when energy is added or subtracted from it.
Thus, Solid - has a definite shape and volume and changes to liquid on heating. Liquid - has definite volume but does not have a definite shape and changes to solid on cooling. When cooled, a gas transforms into a liquid but has no fixed shape or volume.
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Your question is incomplete, but probably your complete question was
Drag each statement to the correct location on the table.
Match the characteristics with the states of matter.
does not have
a definite shape
or volume
has definite volume
but does not have a
definite shape
has a definite shape
and volume
changes to liquid
on heating
changes to liquid
on cooling
changes to solid
on cooling
Solid
Liquid
Li
Gas