Einstein published three major scientific papers. One of these put forward a new way of calculating the size of molecules. Another explained Brownian motion — the random dance performed by specks of dust trapped in a fluid. Einstein suggested that the tiny particles making up the fluid — its atoms or molecules — were bouncing against the specks of dust and causing the motion. These papers helped to establish the reality of atoms and molecules. Another of Einstein’s 1905 papers explained the photoelectric effect — the way that metals could emit electrons (tiny charged particles) from their surface when light was shone on them. Most scientists believed that light travelled in waves — like sound or water waves. But Einstein suggested that the photoelectric effect could be explained if light could also behave as a stream of tiny packets of energy.
(2) Einstein’s paper on the photoelectric effect helped give birth to quantum theory, and it was for this paper that Einstein received the Nobel Prize in 1922. Quantum theory led, in the 1920s and 1930s, to another revolution in physics. Physicists showed that, as well as light waves behaving like particles, particles could sometimes act as waves. This theory established “objective probability” in physics. This was the idea that completely unpredictable chance events can take place at the subatomic level. Einstein never fully accepted the prevalent interpretation of quantum theory. But, while many of these interpretations involve wild metaphysical flights of fancy, the physical results are, like those of relativity, very well established.
(3) Marrying together the two pillars of 20th century physics — relativity and quantum theory — is a central problem for physics even today. Successfully doing this may require a revolution in science similar to those begun by Newton and Einstein. There are three main interconnected driving forces for such changes in science. The first is the development of technology. Changes in technology can make new experiments possible and they also influence the problems that scientists develop an interest in. Newton was fascinated by the new machines of the 17th century. Similarly, Einstein was fascinated by electricity and magnetism. This influence also works in a negative way. The governments and multinationals that control technology are often able to dictate what is researched.
(4) The second factor driving scientific progress is the way that the dominant ideas in society change. Ideas from the broader culture can impinge upon science. Newton’s ideas were part of a revolutionary new attempt at a rational explanation of both nature and society. On the other hand, the dominant ideas in society can also limit the development of science. This is most obvious in the social sciences, where delving too deeply into how society is organized might raise difficult questions for our rulers. Less is at stake in the natural sciences. Indeed, improvements in natural sciences are vital to our rulers if they want to compete effectively with each other. But the distorted worldview of capitalism still impacts on science. Extremely narrow and specialized bodies of knowledge develop—creating problems for scientists trying to bring about the kind of sweeping revolution heralded by Einstein.
(5) Finally, science moves forward because scientists seek to develop logically consistent theories. This can push them beyond the dominant or common sense ideas of their time. Einstein’s breakthrough cannot be reduced simply to changes in technology or wider cultural and ideological shifts. Science is not simply the gathering and ordering of data about the outside world. It also requires abstraction—developing theories about the underlying laws of nature that are usually not immediately apparent. This crucial role of theory is not just a feature of the natural sciences.
(6) Einstein argued that “common sense is the prejudices acquired by age 18”. Marxist theory, which is a social science topic, challenges “common sense” political ideas. If we, according to this theory, want to change the world, we need to combine our actions with theory that digs below the surface appearance of society to understand how the system works.What is the writer’s point of view?

After 2.5 seconds of free fall, an item will be moving downhill at a speed of 25 m/s.Option D is correct.

The change of displacement with respect to time is defined as speed. Speed is a scalar quantity. It is a time-based component. Its unit is m/sec.

The given data in the problem is;

t(time)= 2.5 s

u(falling velocity)=0 m/sec

v(striking velocity)=?  (m/sec)

Newton's first equation of motion:

v=u+at

v=u+gt

v=10 × 2.5

v= 25 m/s downward(+ ve taken as downward)

The velocity of an object that has been in free fall for 2.5 s will be 25  m/s downward.

Hence, option D is correct.

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The pendulum loses energy through these

When you forces it to oscillation then the amplitude increases friction decreases but later on they comes back to their places so energy is lost in terms of heat .

#Part B

There is energy loss so this part is of no use

When the bus turns the corner at a constant speed, the velocity of the ball will change and the ball will rolls forward slowly.

The speed of an object is defined by magnitude only while the velocity of an object is defined by both magnitude and direction.

Suffice it to say that when an object is moving at a constant speed changes direction, its velocity will change.

The velocity of the ball can be determined by modelling the speed of the car in the bend or corner.

v = √μrg

where;

Since the velocity of the bus changes, the velocity of the ball will change.

Thus, when the bus turns the corner at a constant speed, the velocity of the ball will change and the ball will rolls forward slowly due to magnetic force acting as resistive force.

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Answer:

1) Oxygen, It is made as a by-product of photosynthesis. it is used for breathing.

2) Gums, It is a degradation product of cells. It is used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, etc.

3) Latex, It is made from the sap of rubber trees. It is used in the manufacture of rubber products.

Explanation: Hope it helps you:))))

Have a good day

Taking into account the definition of speed, the average speed of the car in the trip is 57.14 [tex]\frac{miles}{hour}[/tex].

Speed is a physical magnitude that relates the displacement of an object and the time it takes to make this change in position.

So, the speed can be defined as the amount of space traveled per unit of time with which a body moves and can be calculated using the expression:

[tex]speed=\frac{displacement}{time}[/tex]

Speed has units of [tex]\frac{distance}{time}[/tex], such as [tex]\frac{meters}{second}[/tex] or [tex]\frac{miles}{hour}[/tex].

In this case, you know that:

Replacing in the definition of speed:

[tex]speed=\frac{200 miles}{3.5 hours}[/tex]

speed= 57.14 [tex]\frac{miles}{hour}[/tex]

Finally, the average speed of the car in the trip is 57.14 [tex]\frac{miles}{hour}[/tex].

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The weight must be 288N placed on the end of the spring when it is 2m from the ground.

If an object is lifted, work is done against gravitational force. The object gains energy.

Given is a spring has a spring constant of 48 N/m. The end of the spring hangs 8 m above the ground. The final height of weight above the ground, h =2m

Using Hooke's law, expressed as

Force, F = k (x₂-x₁).

Put the values, we get

F = 48 (8-2)

F = 288 N

This force applied on the spring is equal to the weight placed on the spring.

Weight W= 288N.

Thus, the weight must be 288N.

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Answer:

C. 22 m/s

Explanation:

Ignoring air friction....all of the Potential energy will be converted to Kinetic Energy

mgh = 1/2 m ^v^2

gh = 1/2 v^2

sqrt (2 gh) = v   =   ~ 22.1 m/s

Answer:

Erwin Schrödinger developed the quantum model of the atom. What scientific knowledge was necessary for Schrödinger's work? The discovery of the electron.

Explanation:

The approximate area of the trapezoidal opening allow wind to pass through is 1575 m².

The area of the trapezium is the product of height and mean of the top and bottom side of trapezium.

Given is the height h = 35m, the base a =40 m and top b = 50m, then the area of the trapezium is

A = (a +b / 2) x h

Substitute the value into the expression, we get

A = (40 +50/2) x 35

A = 1575 m²

Thus, the approximate area of the trapezium is 1575 m².

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1. The light phenomena happen due to the refraction of light upon hitting the small crystals that make up cirrus or cirrostratus clouds is called Sundogs.

2.A light phenomena which are formed when light passes through clouds and strikes the ice crystals in them is called Halos.

3.A light phenomenon formed from the combination of several light properties like refraction, reflection, and dispersion is Rainbow.

4.  Rainbow are created after a rain shower and Sun light.

5. A visible accumulations of tiny water droplets or ice crystals.

in the Earth’s atmosphere are called Clouds.

6. There are seven colors in a rainbow.

7. The kind of rainbows are formed when light strikes small raindrops with almost the same size are Supernumerary rainbows.

8.The kind of rainbows are formed when two inner reflections are done instead of one; this causes the reversal of colors in a secondary rainbow in comparison to a primary rainbow are Secondary rainbows.

9. A reflective surface that is curved inward and away from the light source is concave mirror.

10. The kind of mirror are curved outward like the bottom

of a spoon is convex mirror.

When a light strikes on a shiny surface, it reflects back the light ray in the same medium. The phenomenon is called reflection and the ray is called the reflected ray.

Thus, all the questions are answered.

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The efficiency of steam engine is  26.66 %.

The efficiency is defined as the work done by the engine divided by the heat supplied.

Work done is the difference between the heat supplied and heat rejected.

So, efficiency η = (Qs -Qr) / Qs

Given is the heat supplied Qs = 225 Joules and heat rejected Qr =285 . then the work done is

W = 225 -225 = - 60 Joules

Efficiency η  = 60/225 x 100%

η = 26.66 %

Thus, the efficiency of the steam engine is  26.66 %.

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Answer:

413

Explanation:

first i divided 310 by 6 which equals 51.66 and then i times it by 8 which equals 413.33 and you perbulby are going to round ot so it would by just 413

Hope This Helped

Answer:

30.6 m

Explanation:

Given:

v₀ = 0 m/s

a = 9.8 m/s²

t = 2.5 s

Find: Δy

Δy = v₀ t + ½ at²

Δy = (0 m/s) (2.5 s) + ½ (9.8 m/s²) (2.5 s)²

Δy = 30.6 m

Answer:

Hi,

    I can't tell what it says where you have written 'with the horizontal giving ____'.

I am unable to tell what the word after 'giving' is. Please ix it ASAP.

Thank you

Explanation:

Answer:

Hello is it possible if you can explain what we are supposed to detail and I can't read what the photo says it is a jumble of words?

Explanation:

Final velocity be v

According to first equation of kinematics

Answer:

Claim: The phases of the Moon progress from new moon to crescent moon, first-quarter moon, gibbous moon, and full moon as the Moon waxes (the amount of illumination is increasing from Earth). As the moon revolves around Earth, its sunlit surface is visible in different portions as it reveals its phases.

 Evidence: As the moon revolves around Earth, different parts of the sunlit surface of the moon can be seen. As a result, the moon's appearance changes from night to night from Earth's perspective. The moon's apparent shape changes, as well as its position in the sky.

Reasoning: Over the course of two weeks, the moon's entire appearance changes, from a bright circle to a circle sliced in half and finally to nothing.

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Answer:

Claim: The phases of the Moon progress from new moon to crescent moon, first-quarter moon, gibbous moon, and full moon as the Moon waxes (the amount of illumination is increasing from Earth). As the moon revolves around Earth, its sunlit surface is visible in different portions as it reveals its phases.

Evidence: As the moon revolves around Earth, different parts of the sunlit surface of the moon can be seen. As a result, the moon's appearance changes from night to night from Earth's perspective. The moon's apparent shape changes, as well as its position in the sky.

Reasoning: Over the course of two weeks, the moon's entire appearance changes, from a bright circle to a circle sliced in half and finally to nothing.

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Storm weather likely happens in the town when the air masses meet because of difference of temperature and humidity of both air masses.

When air masses move by wind, they carry different weather conditions from the weather conditions of other region. This difference in weather conditions can create a severe storm.

So we can conclude that Storm weather likely happens in the town when the air masses meet because of difference of temperature and humidity of both air masses.

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The work done on a body when it is moved is  125J

It states that the Work done in moving a body is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the body

Kinetic energy = 1/2 mv²

Given is a body of mass m = 6kg, moving distance d =25 m in time t=5s.

Final Velocity v = 25/5 = 5 m/s

The body is initially at rest, so, final velocity is zero. Then, change in kinetic energy will be

ΔK.E = K.Ef - K.Ei

ΔK.E = 1/2 x 6 x (5)² -0

ΔK.E  =125J

According to work energy theorem, work done is

W = 125J

Thus, the work done on a body when it is moved is 125J.

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Answer:

When electric current flows through a conductor, an induced EMF is created which in turn creates a magnetic field around it. The magnetic field lines form concentric circles around the conductor. The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the wire and is in the direction of wrapped fingers of the right hand holding the conductor and the thumb pointing upwards indicates the direction of the current.

A magnetic field implies the existence of poles and the polarity of a current carrying conductor is north-south when the current flows in the anti-clockwise direction. When magnetic compass with the north end is brought closer to the 1st end of the conductor, the needle deflects towards the west, that is away from the conductor because the magnetic compass that is pointing in the direction of the earth's magnetic field, i.e. north- south direction repels with the north pole of current carrying conductor. Like poles repel each other. This is the fundamental principle of magnetism.

The North Pole of a magnet is the end that points towards the Earth's magnetic North Pole.

In terms of current flow, the direction of the current in a wire is determined by the flow of positive charge. To indicate the North Pole and the direction of the current in each of the wires below, we can use the right-hand rule. Here's how it works:

1. Hold the wire in your right hand with your thumb pointing in the direction of the current flow (from positive to negative).

2. Curl your fingers around the wire. The direction in which your fingers curl represents the direction of the magnetic field created by the current. 3. The direction in which your thumb points represents the North Pole of the magnet. Let's apply this rule to the wires below: Wire 1: - If the current flows from left to right in wire 1, then your thumb points to the right, indicating the North Pole of the magnet.

Wire 2: - If the current flows from top to bottom in wire 2, then your thumb points downwards, indicating the North Pole of the magnet. Wire 3: - If the current flows from right to left in wire 3, then your thumb points to the left, indicating the North Pole of the magnet. Remember, the direction of the current flow can be reversed, which would also reverse the direction of the magnetic field and the indication of the North Pole. By using the right-hand rule, you can determine the direction of the current and identify the North Pole of a magnet in a wire.

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Answer:

a: false

b: True

c: i dont know

Explanation:

Answer:

two different components

Explanation:

Any two-dimensional vector can be conceived of as having two distinct components. The component of a single vector describes the vector's effect in a specific direction.

CFCs were found to destroy the important compound in our atmosphere which is called as the Ozone layer.

The CFCs are called as the Chloro Fluoro carbon are the fuels used in the jet flights long time ago.

The ozone layer protects the harmful UV rays coming from the Sun to reach the Earth's surface. This layer was depleted by the use of CFCs which consist of harmful element Chlorine in large amount.

This has developed a hole in ozone layer over Antarctica. Global warming is the greatest consequence of the depletion of ozone layer.

Thus, CFCs found to destroy ozone layer.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

Finding Gravitational Potential Energy :

GPE = mass x gravitational acceleration x height

Finding Kinetic Energy :

KE = 1/2 x mass x (velocity)²

Hence, option A is correct.

Your scope's ocular lenses have a magnification of 10X. Magnification typically falls between 10x and 1,000x, with some versions even going up to 2000x.

Magnification refers to the image's size in relation to the item that produced it.

The ratio of image length to object length, measured in planes perpendicular to the optical axis, is referred to as linear magnification.

For imaging, optical microscopes combine ocular and objective lenses. The sum of the magnifying powers of the individual lenses produces the observation magnifying power.

This typically falls between 10x and 1,000x, with some versions even going up to 2000x.

Hence, the ocular lenses of your scope are 10X magnified and magnification usually ranges from 10x to 1,000x, while some versions can reach 2000x.

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The brothers that want to start selling their drone camera aerial footage have answered the question, what to produce.

The term economic question is a question that evaluates the processes involved in production. These questions are;

In this case, the brothers that want to start selling their drone camera aerial footage have answered the question, what to produce.

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Answer:What to produce

Explanation:

Since the direction of the needle depends on the proximity of the magnet thus this test alone is insufficient to determine the stronger magnet.

A magnetic field refers to the region where the effect of a magnet is felt. The magnetic field can be observed by the use of a compass.

Now, we know that the closer the magnet is to the compass, the greater the deflection hence this test alone is insufficient to determine the stronger magnet.

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The radial acceleration of the tip of this hand is 0.274 cm/s². The answer is expressed in centimeters per second squared.

The rate of change of velocity with respect to time is known as acceleration. According to Newton's second law, the eventual effect of all forces applied to a body is its acceleration.

The radial acceleration of the tip of this hand is found as;

[tex]\rm \omega = \frac{2 \pi}{60} \\\\ a_r= \omega^2r\\\\ a= (\frac{2\pi}{60} )^2\times 25\\\\a=0.274 \ cm/s^2[/tex]

Hence,the radial acceleration of the tip of this hand is 0.274 cm/s²

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Answer:

If light meets a rough surface, each ray obeys the law of reflection. However, the different parts of the rough surface point in different directions, so the light is not all reflected in one direction. Instead, the light is reflected in all directions. This is called diffuse scattering

Explanation:

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Answer:

Color, Radio Waves, Infrared Waves, Ultraviolet waves and Micro waves

Explanation:

you see color every day, radio signals are all around you, thats how you hear music in you car by radio, IR and UV waves both come from the sun that literally touches your skin(sun burn and tanning) and all of the waves come from the sun, you interact with a micro wave every day if you have a micro wave that uses micro waves to cook food in your microwave hence the name