Irregular periods or no periods at all are the features of polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) in women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea
Since functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) patients have been found to have a high prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) symptoms, we sought to find out what happens to these symptoms when menstrual function returns in FHA patients. Study design: prospective cohort. The study included 28 FHA patients and 30 ovulatory controls who were age-matched. The study included 28 FHA patients and 30 ovulatory controls who were age-matched. Transvaginal ultrasound was used to evaluate body mass index, serum estradiol, LH, FSH, testosterone, DHEAS, and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). RÉSULTATS At baseline, 12 of the 28 women (43%) had elevated AMH (>4.7 ng/mL), greater testosterone, and larger ovaries than the other 16 women with normal AMH.
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2. Explain how your investigation provides evidence for a feedback mechanism that
supports homeostasis. In your answer, identify body systems that likely control
this feedback mechanism. (1 point)
Variables are parameters that the feedback system monitors, regulates, or influences.
Receptors (sensors) pick up on the variable's changes.
The effectors are informed to produce a response by control centres (integrators), which compare the variable in reference to a set point. When making decisions, control centres occasionally take into account information than merely the level of the variable, such as the time of day, age, environmental factors, etc.
Effectors carry out the adjustments required to change the variable.
The components of a feedback loop must be able to communicate with one another in order for the loop to work. In certain circumstances, receptors and control centres are the same structures, thus there is no need for various signalling types in that stage of the process, which frequently happens through nerves or hormones.
Example-The amplitude of labour contractions is a wonderful illustration of positive feedback. As the baby settles into place, the cervix is stretched further than usual, which starts the contractions. Until the baby is born, the feedback makes the contractions stronger and more frequent. Following childbirth, the stretching ceases and the loop is broken.
What is homeostasis?
For creatures to survive, homeostasis is extremely important. Resistance to environmental changes is generally considered to be its meaning. Additionally, homeostasis is a self-regulating mechanism that controls internal factors essential for maintaining life.
To put it another way, homeostasis is a process that maintains a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
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3. Which term is described as all the chemical activities that take place in
an organism?
A. Reproduction B. Growth C. Metabolism D. Excretion
the leaves of a plant with a unique photosynthetic pigment appear orange in sunlight. what wavelengths of visible light are most likely absorbed by this unique pigment?
The wavelengths of visible light that are being absorbed by the pigment that appears orange in sunlight is blue and violet.
What is a photosynthetic pigment?
A photosynthetic pigment is known as a pigment that is present in photosynthetic bacteria or chloroplasts. It captures the light energy necessary for photosynthesis.
The wave of light on an absorption spectrum that the pigments of a photosynthetic plant absorbs typically affects its appearance to the human eyes.
In light of this, some photosynthetic plants such as carotenoids have a unique photosynthetic pigment, which makes their leaves to appear orange to the human eyes. Also, since the plant is a carotenoid, the wavelengths of visible light that are being absorbed by this pigment is blue and violet.
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please help!!
describing how our planet could have possibly developed with less water (or less water ingredients) in the past. Then hypothesize how that would have affected the development of life in general or specifically the human species.
One example would have been more sunlight then usual because the atmoshphere could have been intoxicating, this would decrease the human population because water is our primary source of nutrients and survival.
Hope that helps.
whereas the cytoplasmic and extracellular environment is a region that is?
Whereas the cytoplasmic and extracellular environment is a region that is known to associate with the cell internally and externally respectively.
What is cytoplasmic environment of a cell?The cytoplasmic environment is the internal environment of a living cell that is being surrounded by a semi permeable membrane known as the cytoplasmic membrane.
This membrane is responsible for the inflow and outflow of dissolved material across the.
The extracellular environment of a cell is defined as the external part of the cell which is equally fluid filled.
From the definition, these two environments are constantly in close association with the cell both internally and externally.
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Describe one source of genetic variation in meiosis and explain, in your own words, how it increases genetic variation.
Mutations is one source of genetic variation. Genetic variation is a result of sexual reproduction that leads to the creation of new combinations of genes.
Genetic variation is created in meiosis by the two mechanisms that is independent assortment of gametes and genetic recombination.
Skin color, hair color, dimples, freckles and blood type are examples of genetic variations that can occur in humans. Examples of genetic variation in plants are modified leaves of carnivorous plants and the development of flowers that resemble insects to lure plant pollinators.
Processes of meiosis results in four unique haploid cells that result in combinations. Independent assortment in which the chromosome inherited from either the father or mother can sort into any gamete and produces the potential for genetic variation.
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he diagram below shows the stages of succession in a forest ecosystem.
A diagram showing 4 stages of succession in a forest ecosystem. Stage A: A mature forest. A fire occurs, resulting in Stage B, a burnt forest where nothing is growing. Stage C, pioneer plant species grow in the bare ground. More species follow and grow bigger. Stage D: A mature forest with several tree species and younger trees.
Which area shows the climax community of secondary succession?
A
B
C
D
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Paul has brown eyes, a dominant trait, and his wife Emily has blue e trait. Paul and Emily's daughter has blue eyes. How is this possible?
Answer:
Answer down below!
Explanation:
Even though technically, brown eyes are indeed the dominant trait, every once in a while, recessive traits can slip in. So even if there is a dominant gene, it's not always the case that dominant genes can always be the case. That is also how evolutions start when one recessive trait is shown, and it proves to be useful.
we observe variation in a population of lizards with respect to how fast individuals can run. we attempt to select for the ability to run slowly, not quickly. after six generations of selective breeding of only the slowest, the mean running speed of the lizards has not changed. what is the appropriate scientific conclusion based on this work?
we observe variation in a population of lizards with respect to how fast individuals can run. we attempt to select for the ability to run slowly, not quickly. after six generations of selective breeding of only the slowest, the mean running speed of the lizards has not changed.
selective breeding In order to produce kids with more desirable features, selective breeding involves pairing up parents who share specified traits. Various animals and plants have been carefully bred by humans since the beginning of time; one example is the development of more productive agricultural plants.
New plant and animal species with desired features, such as milk-producing cows, can be developed through selective breeding.
chickens that produce large eggs. wheat plants that yield a lot of grain.
The cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens, and other animals that were used to generate the meat that is sold today were carefully bred. Numerous fruits and vegetables have undergone artificial selection in an effort to improve or even generate them. For example, broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage were developed by selective breeding.
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Plan an Investigation How could you determine whether the water that a plant uses
during photosynthesis comes from the soil or from the atmosphere?
1.
Water that the plant use for photosynthesis comes from soil and carbon dioxide comes from atmosphere .
The oxygen released during photosynthesis is from the water. The plants will absorb water as well as carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. after that water is converted into oxygen and sugar . oxygen is released in the atmosphere and sugar is used for energy .
Experiments conducted by Samuel Ruben and Martin Kamen to identify the procedure of photosynthesis The experiment involved the use of radioactive isotopes to label the water and carbon dioxide absorbed by the plant and match the radioactivity of the oxygen released by the plant to identify its origin.
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What procedure can a medical doctor do to correct an injury to the left pulmunary artery
Answer:
Surgical repair of the branch pulmonary arteries is a common procedure in congenital heart disease surgery and is often performed as part of a complex reintervention
a hypothetical symport facilitates the transfer of cl- and k into the cell. given that the cell membrane potential is -0.055 v (neg charge on inside), the temperature is 300k, and the concentrations of the cl- inside the cell is 10 mm and outside is 100 mm and the concentration of k inside is 110 mm and outside the cell is 4 mm, what is the energy associated with this movement?
Additionally, K+ is a positively charged ion with a concentration of 120 mM inside the cell, 4 mM outside the cell, and an equilibrium potential of -90 mV. This means that K+ will be in electrochemical equilibrium when the cell is 90 mV negative of the extracellular environment.
What happens if the K+ content in extracellular space rises?It is widely known that increased extracellular potassium ion concentrations ([K+]o), which frequently accompany conditions like ischemia and hyperkalemia in the heart, alter the resting transmembrane potential and the excitability of cardiac tissue.
Increased extracellular potassium depolarizes neurons because the resting neuronal membrane is extremely permeable to K+ and the membrane potential is sensitive to variations in the extracellular potassium concentration.
The duration of Purkinje and ventricular action potentials is lengthened when extracellular K concentration is reduced below approximately 3.0 mM, and diastolic depolarization in the Purkinje fiber is enhanced (9,10,12,13).
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What’s the relationship between nuclear fusion and stellar storms
(It’s not even biology I couldn’t find regular science)
The cycle that powers the Sun and any remaining stars is nuclear fusion. When two particles combine, their cores are brought near enough to one another that they merge, producing enormous amounts of energy.
Replicating this interaction on Earth has the potential to produce nearly infinite electricity with essentially zero byproducts from fossil fuels, higher levels of security, and less nuclear waste than splitting.
However, creating what is essentially a miniature star on a planet and maintaining respectable levels of control inside a reactor are not easy tasks. Massive pressures, temperatures, and magnetic fields are all necessary.
Nuclear fusion: What is it?The process of nuclear fusion produces massive amounts of energy as two light nuclear cores combine to form a single heavier one.
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Examine the image of a biological polymer below:
How do the components of DNA circled in the diagram above determine DNA's physical properties?
A. Glucose and phosphate are linked by hydrogen bonds to nitrogenous bases.
B. Nitrogenous bases and phosphates link together to form a biological polymer.
C. Nucleotides form covalent bonds with phosphate to form DNA monomers.
D. Repeating units of phosphate and deoxyribose form the backbone of DNA.
The components of DNA circled in the diagram above determine DNA's physical properties because A. Glucose and phosphate are linked by hydrogen bonds to nitrogenous bases.
What is a nucleotide?A nucleotide is a small unit that forms nucleic acids, either DNA or RNA. A nucleotide is composed of phosphate and sugar, which may be deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA (always the sugar is a pentose) an one different type of nitrogen base.
In DNA there are four types of nitrogen bases in the nucleotides: Adenine pairs with Thymine by two hydrogen bonds, while Cytosine pairs with Guanien by three hydrogen bonds. In RNA Uracil replaces Thymine and nucleotides form a single strand instead the double helix as DNA.
Therefore, with this information, we can conclude that both DNA and RNA are formed by nucleotides, and whose main components are phosphate, a sugar, a nitrogen bases.
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3. Chickens have 78 chromsomes in their body cells. Compare the amount of genetic material and the number of chromosomes in a chicken skin cell in a) early interphase, b) late interphase, c) metaphase, d) anaphase, and e) after cytokinesis.
If chickens have 78 chromosomes in their body cells, then the number of chromosomes in a skin cell is 78 in early interphase (diploid), 156 in late interphase (tetraploid) 156 in metaphase (tetraploid), 156 in anaphase (tetraploid) and 78 after cytokinesis (diploid).
What is a diploid cell?A diploid cell is a cell having two complete sets of homologous chromosomes, i.e. two haploid sets of chromosomes, which occur in a somatic mitotic cell in many organisms. During the interphase, the diploid set of chromosomes is duplicated.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the cell changes the amount of DNA and set of homologous chromosomes during the cell cycle.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
What type of succession replaces a small number of species at a time, and thus does not causes a large-scale disturbance in a given community?
_____________ succession replaces a small number of species at a time, and thus does not cause a large-scale disturbance in a given community.
Answer:
Explanation: The opening line, "One dollar and eight-seven cents" (in 1905) is equivalent to how much in today's dollars? Why is this amount both important and unimportant in the story?
Answer: The answer is cyclic
Explanation: just took the test
what is the reproduction prediction of a elephant
Answer: Reproduction and life cycle. Elephants live in small family groups led by old females (cows). Where food is plentiful, the groups join together.
Explanation:
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carrying capacity is the maximum population of a given species that a particular can sustain indefinitely. group of answer choices lifetime planet continent habitat country
Carrying capacity is the maximum population of a given species that a particular habitat can sustain indefinitely (option D).
What is carrying capacity?Carrying capacity is the number of individuals of a particular species that an environment can support.
The carrying capacity is pivotal to a population as it determines the survival of species in that population. A species population size is limited by environmental factors such as adequate food, shelter, water, and mates.
Carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the largest population that it can sustain indefinitely with the available resources, also called the “maximum load” by population biologists.
Therefore, the maximum population sustainable by a habitat is the carrying capacity.
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What is a difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation?
A.
Systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the body and pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs.
B.
Systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body.
C.
Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs and pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the body.
D.
Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body and pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Reset Next
sorry if this is late
the answer is D
and il explain why
systemic circulation carries all of the oxygenated blood from your heart and lungs to all your body so the body can function better
pulmonary circulation brings deoxygenated blood into your lugs so your lungs and make it oxygenated again then pumps it back out to your body as oxygenated blood and so on and so on
Put the following organisms into a food chain ( have arrows pointing to the organism that is going to eat the other ). Label them with the following terms: producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer tertiary consumer, and producer ( preferable if you sketch ) :
Algae | sea bass (large fish ) | bacteria
Sardines ( small fish ) | krill (microscopic)
Answer:
I have attached a sketch that make your idea clear
Explanation:
One main thing is that bacteria is the lowest one but it mostly fall into the category of heterotrophs but few are autotrophs also. That is the reason they are not producers. Algae are always producers. A few algae have been reported that sometime feed on bacteria in hunger.
If you mutated the laci gene resulting in a mutant lac repressor protein that could bind to the lac operator but not to allolactose, what would be the consequence for transcription of the lac operon?.
An uninducible phenotype would come from a "down" mutation, which would preclude expression even when the de-repressed condition (when the inducer is present).
What would happen to the lac operon's transcription?The lac repressor is a lactose sensor. When the presence of lactose the repressor's ability to prevent transcription of a operon in its normal state is lost. The repressor protein recognizes galactose by means of its enantiomers allolactose. A glucose sensor is the proteins catabolite activator (CAP).
What exactly are translation and transcription?Transcription and translation are indeed the processes through which DNA is converted into RNA and utilized to make proteins, respectively.
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An air ______ is a large body of air with relatively uniform temperature and moisture.
An air mass is a large body of air with relatively uniform temperature and moisture.
A huge body of air with a largely constant temperature and humidity is referred to as an air mass. An air mass's properties are determined by the region from which it originates. The likelihood that the air mass will take on characteristics of the surface below increases with the amount of time it spends over its source region. Air masses are hence related to high-pressure systems.
Based on the moisture content, air masses can be divided into two major categories. Therefore, dry air masses that originate over continents are those denoted by the lowercase letter "c." Maritime air masses, denoted by the letter "m," are moist air masses since they originate over the oceans.
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g mycobacterium tuberculosis are grown for 80 hours. during that time, they go through four generations of growth. what is the generation time?
The generation time is 20 hours in mycobacterium tuberculosis are grown for 80 hours. during that time, they go through four generations of growth.
The bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the one that causes tuberculosis (TB). However, TB bacteria can target any region of the body, including the kidney, spine, and brain. The bacteria typically assault the lungs. A TB bacteria infection does not always result in illness. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and TB illness are as a result two TB-related disorders. TB infection can be lethal if not adequately treated.
Acute or chronic bacterial infections are most frequently detected in the lungs and are known as tuberculosis (TB). Like a cold, TB is spread mostly through airborne droplets that an infected person breathes out into the environment. The bacteria produces tubercles, which are little tissue lumps. These tubercles in the lungs restrict breathing and cause sputum to be spat up. If untreated, tuberculosis (TB) may come back after extended periods of inactivity (latency). There are numerous types of tuberculosis, and they can be identified by the body part afflicted, the severity of the condition, and the community they affect. Today, it is believed that this disease is both treatable and avoidable. It is quite uncommon in the US, although it is growing.
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What two fundamental parts make up a chromosome?
Answer:
DNA and histone proteins
Explanation:
Predict the outcome when two elements are chemically combined?
When two elements are chemically combined a compound is formed.
A compound is a substance formed when two or greater chemical elements are chemically bonded collectively. Two varieties of chemical bonds not unusual in compounds are covalent and ionic bonds.
A compound is a substance that incorporates two or extra factors chemically blended in a set share. The elements carbon and hydrogen integrate to form many special compounds.
While two or extra elements combine to form a new substance, it is called a compound. There are numerous distinctive types of compounds, because atoms of elements integrate in many special methods to shape unique compounds. Examples encompass water (H2O) and table salt (NaCl). The smallest a part of a compound is a molecule.
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s 24795 limits beta-amyloid-alpha7 nicotinic receptor interaction and reduces alzheimer's disease-like pathologies. biol psychiatry. 2010 mar 15;67(6):522-30.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaque and neurofibrillary pathogenesis are made possible by beta-amyloid (Abeta). By interacting with alpha7 nicotinic receptors, soluble Abeta stimulates the formation of intraneuronal Abeta aggregates and the phosphorylation of tau (alpha7nAChRs).
In vitro reincubation with S 24795 decreases the interaction between Abeta(42) and alpha7nAChR as well as beta-amyloid (Abeta) (42)-induced tau phosphorylation. S 24795 lessens Abeta(42)-alpha7nAChR association and Abeta(42) immunostaining in organotypic brain slice cultures and in an in vivo Abeta(42) injection model.
S 24795 also normalizes Ca(2+) fluxes through alpha7nAChR and NMDAR channels in organotypic cortical slices and mice brains that have been exposed to beta-amyloid (Abeta)(42) or infused with it. Galantamine and memantine have a minor impact on the Abeta(42)-alpha7nAChR coupling and Abeta(42)-mediated reduction of alpha7nAChR- and NMDAR-mediated Ca(2+) influx, in contrast to S 24795 and Abeta(12-28).
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which signaling molecule is most likely responsible for an increase in digestive activity? group of answer choices norepinephrine adrenaline acetylcholine epinephrine
Acetylcholine is the signaling molecule is most likely responsible for an increase in digestive activity.
As a broad term for molecules that particularly attach to other molecules, "ligand" is frequently used to refer to signaling molecules (such as receptors). The message sent by a ligand is frequently transmitted inside the cell through a series of chemical messengers.
The cholinergic neurons in the brain and gut wall produce ACh, the neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is released in the gut in response to luminal stimuli. It controls the flow of gut contents by promoting epithelial ion secretion and muscular activity.
Acetylcholine increases the "push" of food and juice through the GI tract by inducing a stronger contraction of the muscle layer of the digestive organs. Additionally, it increases the production of digestive fluid in the pancreas and stomach.
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if you crossed plant 1 to plant 2 and collected 1024 offspring, how many would be: (note: answer should be a number of babies, not a fraction) 1) tall with green, smooth seed and funky white flowers? 2) heterozygote for every trait? 3) short plants with yellow smooth seeds, and funky white flowers? 4) all dominant traits?
The recombinant offspring's characteristics in terms of blossom color and seed morphology are as follows
Red, smooth White and freckled
Due to the fact that they differ from their parents, these are recombinants. Despite having the same genes as their parents, they do not have the same alleles. Every time, there are fewer recombinants than parental types Parents' \genotypes: RrWw (red , wrinckled) rrww (white , smooth) (white , smooth) following the crossing: Rrww rrWw
(These two represent the recombinant genotypes)
Recombination frequency is calculated as follows: recombinants / total progeny
= 7+9 / 43+41+7+9 = 0.16
16 m.u. separates the genes.
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Sri lanka and australia have about the same population. What data would help you determine which country has a higher physiological population density?.
The amount of arable land in each country would help in determining which country has a higher physiological population density.
In the field of social science, physiological population density can be described as the number of people that live per unit area of arable land.
Arable land can be described as a kind of land that is used for the cultivation of crops.
Higher physiological population density would mean that a particular arable area is being used more because it is sustaining the lives of more people.
Between Sri Lanka and Australia, the country using higher arable land will have higher physiological population density.
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3. Which of the following is NOT a first division of meiosis?
A. Prophase I
B. Metaphase I
C. Anaphase I
D. Telophase II
Answer: D
Explanation: