Analogous structures demonstrate that identical selective pressures might result in similar adaptations, whereas homologous structures indicate evidence for shared ancestry.
With an example, what is homologous series?A group of chemical compounds with the same functional group is referred to as a homologous series. As a result of sharing an active group, the molecules have comparable chemical characteristics. The homologous series often includes alkanes, cycloalkanes, and alkenes.
What do you mean by homologous?adjective. matching, as in relative position or structure; having the same or a comparable relationship. Similar in origin and structure but perhaps not always in function: A horse's foreleg and a bird's wing are analogous.
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draw the structure of (z)-4-ethyl-3-methyl-3-heptene.
The structure of (Z)-4-ethyl-3-methyl-3-heptene is shown in the attached figure below.
What are E and Z- alkene?The E- and Z- alkenes are more reliable and particularly used for tri- or tetra-substituted alkenes when the substituents are not alkyl groups. The Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules are utilized for naming geometric isomers such as E- or Z-alkene and other stereoisomers.
The trans (E) isomers are more stable and lower in energy than the (Z) cis-isomers. In the letter E, the higher priority groups are on the same side, and in the E-isomer, the higher priority groups are on opposite sides.
In the Z-isomer of the alkene, the higher priority groups are on the same side.
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Divide the compounds below into electron-poor and electron-rich groups. Electron-Poor Compounds: Electron-Rich Compounds:
To solve this, we need to have clear concept about electron rich and electron poor groups. Therefore, electron rich groups are option B,C,F. Electron poor groups are option C,E.
What are electron rich and electron poor groups?It is electron-rich if the core atom contains more than 8 electrons. SO[tex]_2[/tex] is one such example. Sulphur is connected to a total of ten electrons. There are four bond pairings and one lone pair. These serve as effective Lewis bases.
The core atom is considered to be electron accurate if it has exactly 8 electrons; H[tex]_2[/tex]O and NH[tex]_3[/tex] are examples. Depending on whether or not they have lone pairs of electrons, such molecules may or may not behave as Lewis bases.
Therefore, electron rich groups are option B,C,F. Electron poor groups are option C,E.
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Which has more number of atoms 1.0 g or 1.0 Mg?
The more number of atoms in 1.0 g of the Na and the 1.0 g of the Mg is the 1.0 g of Na has more number of the atoms.
The number of moles is given :
number of moles = mass / molar mass
atomic mass of the Na = 23 g/mol
atomic mass of the Mg = 24 g/mol
number of moles = 1 / 23 mol
number of moles = 1 / 24 mol
number of atoms in 1 g of Na = (6.023 × 10²³) / 23 atoms
= 2.618 × 10²² atoms
number of atoms in 1 g of Mg = (6.023 × 10²³) / 24 atoms
= 2.509 × 10²² atoms
Thus, 1 g of the Na has more number of atoms.
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aniline is an amine that is used to manufacture dyes. it is isolated as anilinium chloride, [c6h5nh3]cl, a salt prepared by the reaction of the weak base aniline and hydrochloric acid. what is the ph of a 0.233 m solution of anilinium chloride
After solving the equation the pH of a 0.233m solution of anilinium chloride is 2.64.
What is ph of solution?
A solution's acidity is determined by its hydrogen ion concentration, which is measured by its pH. Pure water slightly splits into hydrogen and hydroxyl (OH) ions with equal proportions.
Aniline hydrochloride is conjugate acid of aniline. For calculation of pH we have to find pKa of C6H5NH2HCl and it behaves as a weak acid.
pKa+pKb= pKw
Kb= 4.6×10⁻¹⁰
pKa=14-(-log4.6ₓ10⁻¹⁰)
=4.66
pH=1/2pKa-1/2logc(c=0.233)
=4.66/2+0.63/2(logc= -0.63)
pH= 2.64
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The ph of a 0.233 m solution of anilinium chloride is 2.64
What purposes does aniline hydrochloride serve?
A powdery, crystalline (sand-like) green or white substance is aniline hydrochloride. It is employed in printing, dyeing, and the synthesis of other compounds.
In order to create polyaniline-coated poly(styrene-co-styrene sulfonate) nanoparticles, aniline hydrochloride was utilized. In the rat spleen and in response to aniline exposure, base excision repair (BER) mediated by 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 and Nei-like DNA glycosylases (NEIL1/2) was studied. It is a component of paints, paint removers, and clothes marking inks. Additionally, it is utilized as a shoe and stove polisher.
Commercially, aniline is made by either ammonia reacting with chlorobenzene or catalyzing the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. Iron borings dissolved in aqueous acid are another method for reducing nitrobenzene
pKa+pKb= pKw
Kb= 4.6×10⁻¹⁰
pKa=14-(-log4.6ₓ10⁻¹⁰)
=4.66
pH=1/2pKa-1/2logc(c=0.233)
=4.66/2+0.63/2(logc= -0.63)
pH= 2.64
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what is true about the spontaneity of a reaction? responses when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction is always spontaneous. when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction is always spontaneous. when the products have less enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have less enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have less enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction is always spontaneous.
When the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous.
Spontaneous reactions are those that occur without any external input of energy. In general, spontaneous reactions tend to occur when the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants.
It is not necessarily true that a reaction will be spontaneous just because the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants. Other factors, such as the entropy of the reactants and products, can also affect the spontaneity of a reaction.
So, to summarize: When the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. However, the spontaneity of a reaction also depends on other factors, such as the entropy of the reactants and products.
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What should you do first if overexposure to chemicals is suspected?
Get medical attention as soon as possible. If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary.
What should you do right away if you drop a poison on your skin?If a shower is available, take off any contaminated clothing or jewellery and rinse the chemicals off for least 20 minutes.Avoid getting chemicals in your eyes.Dress the burn.Apply a fresh bandage to the burn.
What occurs if you come into contact with dangerous chemicals?A poisonous substance can have both immediate and long-term impacts on your health.Acute (short-term) effects manifest immediately or shortly after chemical exposure.
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Which is the electron configuration for nobelium (no)?[rn]7s25f14[rn]7s25f7[ne]3s23p7[xe]6s25d1.
Identify the functional groups present in the structure below. Functional Groups a. alkene b. alkyne c. arene d. halide e. alcohol f. ester g. ether h. nitrile i. carboxylic acid j. thiol
There are two functional groups present in the structure below. These groups are arene and ether. The correct options are c and g.
What are functional groups?
An atom or group of atoms inside a molecule that share chemical characteristics when they appear in different compounds is referred to as a functional group.
Certain functional groups have a tendency to behave in a certain way, even though other components of the molecule are very different. Aromatic hydrocarbons include arenes. Originally, the word "aromatic" referred to their odors.
Therefore, the correct options are c, arene, and g, ether.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
How is scope 3 measured?
Scope 3 emissions are measured by quantifying the indirect emissions associated with a company's activities.
Scope 3 emissions are a type of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are indirect and not under the direct control of a company. These emissions can be caused by a wide range of activities, such as the use of products and services, the transportation of goods, the disposal of waste, and the outsourcing of activities. To measure scope 3 emissions, a company must first identify all of the relevant indirect emissions associated with its activities.
This can be done by conducting a thorough inventory of the company's operations and supply chain, and by collecting data on energy use, transportation, and other relevant factors. Once the emissions have been identified, they can be quantified using GHG emissions factors and other relevant data. The resulting emissions data can then be used to track progress and set reduction targets.
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Identify an element on the periodic table that is chemically similar to neon (ne).
The air in the balloon i heated up by leaving it in a warm place. Give two effect that thi ha on the air particle
If the balloon is closed, then yes, both volume and pressure will increase when the gas inside is heated.
What is pressure?
Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these are units of force divided by units of area. For example, the SI unit of pressure, Pascal (Pa), is 1 Newton per square meter (N/m2). Similarly, pounds force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in imperial and US systems. Pressure can also be expressed as standard atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure (atm) is equal to this pressure and torr is defined as 1/760 of this. Manometric units such as centimeters of water, millimeters of mercury, and inches of mercury are used to express pressure as the height of a particular liquid column within a manometer.
If the balloon is closed, then yes, both volume and pressure will increase when the gas inside is heated.
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a student prepared five solutions of cuso4 with different concentrations, and then filled five cuvettes, each containing one of the solutions. the cuvettes were placed in a spectrophotometer set to the appropriate wavelength for maximum absorbance. the absorbance of each solution was measured and recorded. the student plotted absorbance versus concentration, as shown in the figure above. which of the following is the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 m cuso4 solution?
(A) The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed has some water W droplets inside.
(B) The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed was filled slightly more than the other cuvettes. (C) The wavelength setting was accidentally moved away from that of maximum absorbance. (D) The cuvette used for the 0.600 M solution had not been wiped clean before being put in the spectrophotometer.
The option that is the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 m cuso4 solution is option (A) The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed has some water W droplets inside.
What is the variance of the data point?Based on the information provided, the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 M CuSO4 solution is that the cuvette into which the solution was placed has some water droplets inside. This is because the water droplets would interfere with the measurement of absorbance, causing a variance in the data point. Option (A) is the correct answer.
Note that Option (B) is not a likely explanation because the amount of solution in each cuvette should not affect the absorbance measurement. Option (C) is also unlikely because the wavelength setting is not mentioned as being changed, and option (D) is not a likely explanation because it is not specified that the cuvettes were not wiped clean before being put in the spectrophotometer.
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Write the common name of the α‑ketoacid resulting from the transamination of each amino acid.
The α‑ketoacid or the α‑ carboxylic acid are the organic compounds that are the characterize the presence of a keto group at the position of α- in carboxylic acid functional group.
The common name of the α‑ketoacid resulting from the transamination of each amino acid is given as follows :
1) alanine + α‑ketoglutarate ---> pyruvate
2) aspartate + α‑ketoglutarate ----> oxaloacetate
3) glutamate + α‑ketoglutarate -----> α‑ketoglutarate
4) phenylalanine + α‑ketoglutarate ------> phenylpyruvate
5) tyrosine + α‑ketoglutarate -----> p - hydroxyphenyl pyruvate
The amino acids are the organic compounds which contain both the groups the amino acid and the carboxylic acid groups.
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How many grams of sugar solute per 100 grams of h2o will dissolve at 20oc?
The amount of sugar solute that can dissolve in 100 grams of water at 20°C depends on the type of sugar being dissolved.
What is solute?A solute is any substance that is dissolved in a solution, usually in a liquid. It is the minor component of a solution and is present in a smaller amount than the solvent. The concentration of the solute is usually expressed as a percentage of the total solution. Solutes can be either organic or inorganic compounds, including gases, minerals, and acids. Solutions are important in everyday life, from the salt water in the ocean to the sugar in tea. In fact, almost all biological fluids contain solutes, such as proteins and hormones.
For example, granulated white sugar has a solubility of 204.0 grams per 100 grams of water at 20°C, while brown sugar has a solubility of 180.0 grams per 100 grams of water at 20°C. Therefore, the amount of sugar solute that can dissolve in 100 grams of water at 20°C will depend on the type of sugar being dissolved.
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Calculate the molality of 6.0 M H2SO4
Solution. The density of the solution is 1.34g/mL.
A. 4.48 m
B. 10.2 m
C. 8.10 m
D. 8.43 m
E. 7.98 m
Answer:
A
Explanation:
To calculate the molality of a solution, you need to know the mass of the solute (in this case, H2SO4) and the mass of the solvent (in this case, water). To find the mass of the solvent, you can use the density of the solution and the volume of the solvent:
Density = Mass / Volume
Rearranging the equation and solving for mass:
Mass = Density * Volume
You can then use the mass of the solvent and the molarity of the solution to calculate the molality:
Molality = (Moles of solute) / (Mass of solvent in kilograms)
For a 6.0 M solution of H2SO4, the moles of solute can be calculated by multiplying the molarity by the volume of the solution:
Moles of solute = Molarity * Volume = 6.0 M * 1.00 L = 6.0 moles
If the density of the solution is 1.34 g/mL and the volume of the solution is 1.00 L, the mass of the solvent can be calculated as follows:
Mass of solvent = Density * Volume = 1.34 g/mL * 1.00 L = 1.34 grams
To convert the mass of the solvent to kilograms, you can divide the mass by 1000:
Mass of solvent in kilograms = 1.34 grams / 1000 = 0.00134
Compound A solid
Compound B solid
Compound
C
Compound
D
B
C
gas
D
solid
808
1610
-56
680
yes
no
no
Compound B because it has a very high melting point.
yes
You are studying the differences between ionic and covalent compounds. After studying the properties of each
type of compound, your teacher has provided this table and asked you to (1) identify the ionic compound(s) and
explain your choice(s).
A
Compounds A and D because they have relatively high melting points.
AROLIChessies
Compounds A, B, and C because they are solid at room temperature.
Compounds A and D because the conduct electricity in aqueous solutions.
yes
no
yes
yes
The Compounds A, B, and C are ionic compounds because they are solid at room temperature. Therefore, option B is correct.
What are ionic compound ?A chemical compound known as an ionic compound is one that contains ions bound together by the electrostatic forces known as ionic bonding. Despite having both positively and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions, the molecule is generally neutral.
Ionic chemicals are brittle and rigid. When an ionic chemical is dissolved in water, it separates into ions. Ionic compound solutions and melting forms of these substances carry electricity, while solid materials do not. The chemical formula of an ionic compound is metal + nonmetal or polyatomic ions.
Thus, option B is correct.
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which element(s) would have physical and chemical properties similar to oxygen: (a) ar (b) f (c) s (d) br (e) se
Correct answer is :- (c) S (sulfur)
Oxygen (O) and sulfur (S) are chemically similar because sulfur is directly below oxygen in the periodic table. These elements have similar electron configuration. As a result, sulfur forms many compounds that are analogues of oxygen compound.
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For a chemical reaction in a closed system, mass cannot be ______________ or _______________. We can say that throughout the reaction mass is _____________.
For a chemical reaction in a closed system, mass cannot be (created) or (destroyed). We can say that throughout the reaction mass is (conversed). Hence, the answer is: D. created; destroyed; conserved.
What is the law of conversation?In chemistry, the law of conversation states that in an isolated system, certain physical property does not change over time. For example, if two reactants react and produce gas, this system's total mass remains the same as the initial mass. Hence, the mass cannot be created or destroyed. It also applies to energy. It cannot be created or destroyed, but just changed from one form of energy to the other.
This question seems incomplete. The complete query is as follows:
“For a chemical reaction in a closed system, mass cannot be ______________ or _______________. We can say that throughout the reaction mass is _____________.
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Classify each of the given species as paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
Classify each of the species as paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
1. Oxygen: Paramagnetic 2. Carbon: Diamagnetic 3. Iron: Paramagnetic 4. Xenon: DiamagneticThe Magnetic Properties of Common ElementsThe magnetic properties of elements can be categorized into two categories: paramagnetic and daimagnetic. Paramagnetic materials have a magnetic dipole moment that is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons. These materials are attracted to external magnetic fields. On the other hand, diamagnetic materials have a magnetic dipole moment that is caused by the presence of paired electrons. These materials are repelled by external magnetic fields.
Oxygen is an example of a paramagnetic element. It has two unpaired electrons in its outermost energy level, which gives it a magnetic dipole moment. This causes it to be attracted to external magnetic fields. Carbon, on the other hand, is diamagnetic. It has four electrons in its outermost energy level, which is completely filled. This means there are no unpaired electrons, so it has no magnetic dipole moment and is repelled by external magnetic fields.
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What are carbon neutral examples?
Some of the carbon neutral examples are Planting trees, Capturing and storing carbon dioxide emissions, Using renewable energy, Purchasing carbon credits, Driving an electric or fuel cell vehicle.
Carbon neutrality refers to achieving net zero carbon dioxide emissions by balancing a measured amount of carbon dioxide emissions with an equivalent amount of carbon dioxide removal or sequestration. Here are some examples of actions or activities that can contribute to carbon neutrality:
Planting trees or other vegetation, which absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow
Capturing and storing carbon dioxide emissions from power plants or other industrial sources
Using renewable energy sources like solar or wind power, which do not emit carbon dioxide during electricity generation
Offsetting emissions by purchasing carbon credits, which represent a reduction or removal of carbon dioxide emissions from the atmosphere
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How the shape of molecule can help it carry out its normal function
The shape of a molecule can help it carry out its normal function because it interacts with different molecular partners in order to play a given role.
How does shape affect protein function?The shape of a protein affects protein function because it depends on a specific tridimensional conformation to interact with other molecules in the cell, such as an enzyme that binds its active site to ligands.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the shape of a protein effectively affects protein function due to the types of interaction it may carry out.
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Which of the following has the smallest atomic radius?
A. Rb
B. K-¹
C. k
D. Rb+¹
Answer:
K
Explanation:
you are asked to calibrate a 25 ml volumetric pipet. you determine that the temperature of your distilled water is exactly 23.5 degrees celsius. you carefully determined the mass of a clean dry beaker and found that it was 58.9557 g. you pulled water up to the mark and transferred this to the beaker and found that the new mass was 81.4781 g. what is the actual volume of the pipet? the density of water at 23.5 degrees celsius is 0.997403 g/ml.
The actual volume of the pipet 1.0037 is At about 4° Celsius, the density of fresh water reaches its maximum. The mass of water you pipetted is the difference in mass. Let's use the density to convert it to volume. The amount of water will be 1.0037 at 23.5 °C.
How can you figure out how much water a pipette will deliver?The formula for figuring out how much water was dispensed by the pipette is V = w * Z, where w is the water's weight, Z is a conversion factor based on the water's density, and V is the computed volume.
What is the purpose of a volumetric pipet?For a certain volume, volumetric pipettes are created to be extremely accurate. They can be utilized to move that amount of liquid that can be used to dilute or create a solution.
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What is the relationship between freezing point depression and concentration of solute or solution?
All solutions have freezing points that are lower than those of pure solvents and that are inversely related to the molality of the solute.
What is depression at the freezing point?A solute's freezing point is completely based on its concentration, not on its mass or chemical composition. A typical instance of freezing point depression is when salt reduces the freezing point of water in cold weather.
Frost point When solute molecules are added to a solvent, a colliding phenomenon known as depression results.
As a result, the freezing temperatures of all solutions are lower than those of pure solvents and are inversely related to the solute's molality.
study the freezing point.
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What injuries may be caused by exposure to chemicals?
A person may develop illnesses and diseases like Asbestosis after being exposed to chemical dangers at work.lung tumours.brain injury Burns from chemicals poisoning by heavy metals. nerve harm..
What kind of chemical harm occurs most frequently?Carbon monoxide, ammonia, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, & sulfuric acid are the top five chemicals that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) connect with damage.
What exactly is a chemical wound?Tissue damage from chemical burns is brought on by powerful acids, drain cleaners, paint thinner, gasoline, and many other things.In most cases, you are aware of a burn's cause.However, a burn brought on by a gentler chemical could occasionally go undetected at first.
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The major reservoirs of nitrogen and sulfur in the biosphere are correctly identified as . .
Answer:
Thus, the correct answer is 'Bedrock and atmosphere.
Explanation:
Conjugated systems absorb UV light. Select the true statement. lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule increases. lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule decreases. lambda O max is not affected by the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule.
The true statement is that lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule increases. This is due to the “conjugated effect”, which explains why molecules with more conjugated bonds are better absorbers of light.
Conjugated systems absorb ultraviolet (UV) light. The wavelength at which light is absorbed, known as the lambda O max, is dependent on the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule. In general, the more conjugated bonds a molecule has, the higher its lambda O max.
When considering the true statement, it is clear that lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule increases. As the number of conjugated bonds increases, the molecule can absorb a higher energy of light, thus increasing the lambda O max. This phenomenon is known as the “conjugated effect”, which explains why molecules with more conjugated bonds are better absorbers of light.
In contrast, the statement that lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule decreases is false. As the number of conjugated bonds decreases, the molecule will be unable to absorb higher energy light and thus the lambda O max will decrease.
Finally, the statement that lambda O max is not affected by the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule is false. As discussed above, the lambda O max is directly related to the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule. A higher number of conjugated bonds results in a higher lambda O max, while a lower number of conjugated bonds results in a lower lambda O max.
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Why the freezing point depression at of 0.4 m NaCl solution is nearly twice than that of 0.4 m glucose solution?
This is because the Van't Hoff factor for NaCl is 2 while it is 1 for glucose.
What is freezing point?
When a liquid's temperature falls below its freezing point, it transforms into a solid. According to the internationally accepted definition, freezing refers to the solidification phase change of a liquid or the liquid content of a substance, which occurs most commonly as a result of cooling.
The melting and freezing points of most substances are the same temperature; however, some substances have different solid-liquid transition temperatures. Agar, for example, has a hysteresis in its melting and freezing points. It melts at 85°C (185°F) and solidifies at temperatures ranging from 32°C to 40°C (89.6°F to 104°F).
Hence, this is because the Van't Hoff factor for NaCl is 2 while it is 1 for glucose.
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How many sigma bonds and pi bonds are there in acrylonitrile? A. 4 σ and 2 π bonds B. 6 ơ and 3 bonds C. 7 ơ and 2 bonds D. 9 ơ and 3 bonds
(B) 6 ơ and 3 bonds are there in acrylonitrile
what is acrylonitrile?The organic compound acrylonitrile has the formula CH2CHCN and the structure H2C=CHCN. Although commercial samples can be yellow due to impurities, it is a colorless, volatile liquid. It smells strongly like garlic or onions. It has a vinyl group connected to a nitrile as its basic building block at the molecular level.
what is an organic compound?Any chemical compound that has carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds is considered an organic substance in chemistry. Millions of organic compounds have been identified because of carbon's capacity for catenation.
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Draw the electron configuration for a neutral atom of titanium. energy
The electron configuration for a neutral atom of titanium 1s² 2s² 2p6 3s²3p6 4s² 3d².
The distribution of electrons within an atom, molecule, or other physical structure in their respective orbitals is known as the electron configuration in atomic physics and quantum chemistry. As an illustration, the neon atom's electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6, which means that 1, 2 and 6 electrons, respectively, are present in each of the subshells of the first two atoms.
According to electronic configurations, each electron moves on its own in an orbital within the collective average field that all other orbitals form. Slater determinants, also known as configuration state functions, mathematically define configurations.
For systems with a single electron, each electron configuration has a particular amount of energy, and under specific circumstances, electrons are able to switch between these configurations, according to the laws of quantum mechanics.
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