How do you identify a causal relationship?

Answers

Answer 1

The use of a controlled study is the most effective way of identifying causal relationship between variables.

Direct and indirect effects may make up causal relationships between variables. Effects that flow directly from one variable to another are referred to as direct causal effects. When one or more factors mediate the relationship between two variables, indirect effects result.

When one variable in a collection of data directly affects another, there is a causal relationship. As a result, one event causes the occurrence of another. Cause and effect is another name for a causal relationship.

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Related Questions

When is the only time to abbreviate on a job application? Question 3 options: In the Personal Information section In the Position & Availability section Only when space is limited Signature section

Answers

Answer:

Availability Section

Explanation:

All the information in a job application needs to be very detailed and with little to no room for interpretation. This is because a job application is a one-time deal meaning you do not get to redo it once you turn it in. If the hiring manager does not understand something in the job application they will simply throw it away and pass on to the next application on the list, they will not waste time on it. Therefore, the only thing that can be abbreviated would be the Availability Section when dealing with days of the week. Instead of spelling out every day you can say any of the following...

Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun

Sat-Sun

Mon-Fri

Ace Industrial Machines issued 165,000 zero coupon bonds 6 years ago. The bonds originally had 30 years to maturity with a yield to maturity of 6.4 percent. Interest rates have recently decreased, and the bonds now have a yield to maturity of 5.5 percent. The bonds have a par value of $2,000. If the company has a $84.2 million market value of equity, what weight should it use for debt when calculating the cost of capital

Answers

Answer:

0.5202

Explanation:

Calculation to determine what weight should it use for debt when calculating the cost of capital

First step is to compute the Present value (PV) using financial calcualtor -

Put in calculator-

FV 2000

PMT 0

I 5.50%

N 24( 30 years- 6 years)

Compute PV ($553.31)

Second step is to calculate the Total value of debt

Price of bond = $553.31

*Number of bond = $165,000

=Total value of debt $91,296,150

($553.31*165,000)

Now let calculate the Weight of debt

Weight of debt =$91,296,150/($91,296,150+$84,200,000)

Weight of debt=$91,296,150/175,496,150

Weight of debt=0.5202

Therefore weight should it use for debt when calculating the cost of capital is 0.5202

Here are 50 points have a good day or night, hope this helps u out :)

Answers

hi there!

thank you so much, are you sure you dont have any question(s) that i could help you with? because i would be more then happy to help! :)

i hope you have a great rest of your day <3

you are such a good person thank you!

The US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is under the following Department: _____. A. Department of Commerce B. Department of Treasury C. Department of State D. Department of the Interior

Answers

Answer:

Department of commerce

Explanation:

Why does the quantity supplied of stock go up when prices go up? A. Companies want to issue more stock when prices are high B. So Supply will match Demand C. More current owners are willing to sell their shares at a high price D. More expensive stocks make better investments

Answers

Answer:

I think its A

Explanation:

Discuss the concept of supply chain integration. How does it result in better customer-related outcomes?

Answers

Answer: Supply chain integration is a cooperation between the traders and the producers of goods and services.  

Explanation:

It includes members belonging to various department in an organization which can provide solutions to clients claims and demands. This includes client relationship integration, technology and production integration, internal operations, supply chain and marketing integration. All these departments are inter-related and this involves distribution of work in an hierarchy which ensures that no extra work load fall on the same employee or employees of the same department. Also this relationship help customers to seek what they want by collaborating efforts of the team in organization.

The Colvilles are buying a new car. The cash price is $35,000.00. They will make a down payment of 20% or $5,000. The balance will be covered by an installment loan. The loan will be repaid in 48 monthly payments of $651. The annual percentage rate for the loan is _________%. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

Answers

Answer:

The Annual Percentage Rate, APR = 1.07%

Explanation:

The annual percentage rate (APR) for a loan is the amount payed annually as interest which is specified as a percentage of the balance of the loan

The given parameters are;

The cash price for the car the Colvilles are buying = $35,000.00

The amount of down payment they will make = 20% or $5,000

The will cover the balance by installment loan

The number of monthly with which the loan will be repaid, n = 48 monthly payment

The amount of the monthly payments, M = $651

The balance which will be taken on loan, P = 35,000.00 - 5,000 = 30,000

The balance which will be taken on loan, P = $30,000

[tex]APR = \left(\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{Fees + Interest}{Principal} }{n} \right) \times 12\right) \times 100[/tex]

[tex]APR = \left(\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{ I}{P} }{n} \right) \times 12\right) \times 100[/tex]

Therefore;

The interest paid over life of loan, I = M × n - P

∴ I = 651 × 48 - 30,000 = 1,284

Therefore, we have;

[tex]APR = \left(\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{ 1,284}{30,000} }{48} \right) \times 12\right) \times 100 = 1.07 \%[/tex]

The Annual Percentage Rate APR = 1.07%

CHARACTERISTICS OF SHORT TERM SAVINGS STRATEGIES

Answers

Answer:

saving accounts at banks... That's what the internet told me :|

Explanation:

Assume that a competitive economy can be described by a constant returns to scale (Cobb Douglas) production function and all factors of production are fully employed. Holding other factors constant, including the quantity of capital and technology, explain how a one-time, 10-percent increase in the quantity of labor (perhaps the result of a special immigration policy) will change each of the following: the real rental price of capital;

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

Since there is an increase of 10% of the quantity of labor this would result an increase in the real rental price of capital due to which the ratio of capital labor would decrease

Therefore according to the given situation, the real rental capital price would rise  

Hence, the above represent the answer

The pros and cons of new product concepts are analyzed during the idea generation phase of new product development.

True
False

Answers

The Awnser would is False your welcome

Complete a departmental expense allocation spreadsheet for Marathon Running Shop. The spreadsheet should assign (1) direct expenses to each of the four departments, (2) the $64,000 of utilities expense to the four departments on the basis of floor space occupied, (3) the advertising department’s expenses to the two operating departments on the basis of the number of ads placed that promoted a department’s products, and (4) the administrative department’s expenses to the two operating departments based on the amount of sales.

Answers

Question Completion:

Marathon Running Shop has two service departments (advertising and administrative) and two operating departments (shoes and clothing). The table that follows shows the direct expenses incurred and square footage occupied by all four departments, as well as total sales for the two operating departments for the year 2017

                            Direct Expenses    Square Feet    Sales

Department

Advertising              $ 18,000                   1,120

Administrative           25,000                  1,400

Shoes                       103,000                  7,140          $273,000

Clothing                      15,000                4,340               77,000

The advertising department developed and distributed 120 advertisements during the year. Of these, 90 promoted shoes and 30 promoted clothing. Utilities expense of $64,000 is an indirect expense to all departments.

Answer:

Marathon Running Shop

Allocation of service departments' costs to the operating departments:

                         Service Departments      Operating Departments     Total

                     Advertising Administrative   Shoes          Clothing

Departmental   $18,000        $25,000      $103,000      $15,000   $161,000

Utilities                  5,120             6,400         32,640         19,840      64,000

After Utilities      23,120            31,400        135,640        34,840  $225,000  

Advertising       -23,120                                  17,340          5,780    0

Administrative                         -31,400         24,492          6,908    0

Total allocated costs                                 $177,472       $47,528 $225,000

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

                            Direct Expenses    Square Feet    Sales

Department

Advertising              $ 18,000                  1,120

Administrative           25,000                 1,400

Shoes                       103,000                 7,140           $273,000

Clothing                     15,000                 4,340               77,000

Total                       $161,000               14,000          $350,000

Allocation of Utilities Expense of $64,000

Rate

Advertising        (1,120/14,000 * $64,000) =     $5,120

Administrative   (1,400/14,000 * $64,000) =   $6,400

Shoes                 (7,140/14,000 * $64,000) = $32,640          

Clothing             (4,340/14,000 * $64,000) = $19,840

Advertising       $ 18,000 + $5,120 = $23,120

Administrative    25,000 + $6,400  = $31,400

Shoes                103,000 + $32,640 = $135,640        

Clothing              15,000 + $19,840 = $34,840

Advertising expenses consumed by:

Shoes     90/120 * $23,120 = $17,340

Clothing 30/120 * $23,120 = $5,780

Administrative expenses consumed by:

Shoes $273,000/$350,000 * $31,400 = $24,492

Clothing $77,000/$350,000 * $31,400 = $6,908


What is the difference between specialization and cross-training?
A. Specialization is for employees at the top management level of
the company while cross-training is for employees at the entry
level.
B. Specialization is for employees who have an advanced degree
while cross-training is for those who do not have an advanced
degree.
C. Specialization is for employees who love what they do while cross-
training is for employees who don't love any one particular area of
their work.
D. Specialization leads employees to focus on a single skill or task
while cross-training deals with training employees in multiple skills
or tasks.

Answers

Answer:

D. Specialization leads employees to focus on a single skill or task

while cross-training deals with training employees in multiple skills

or tasks.

Explanation:

Job specialization can be defined as a strategic process which typically involves the ability of employees working in an organization to develop specific skills, knowledge, great expertise or professionalism and experience to perform their duties, tasks or job functions effectively and efficiently.

In order to gain the requisite skills, expertise and knowledge for job specialization, it is very important for the employees to have undergone an extensive training and a good number of years in work experience.

The primary purpose of job specialization is to increase efficiency and productivity because the employees are able to specialize in the use of specific tools (equipments) to accomplish their tasks, as well as limit the level of error or mistakes in the production process.

On the other hand, cross-training can be defined as a learning process which typically involves teaching an individual or group of people multiple skills that are relevant to their job position or roles in an organization.

Hence, the difference between specialization and cross-training is that, specialization leads employees to focus on a single skill or task while cross-training deals with training employees in multiple skills or tasks.

A manager of a nursing home wants to be sure not to employ any immigrants who aren't authorized to work in the United States. The manager proposes that the company consider only job applicants who are obviously citizens. What is the legal problem with this idea?
A. It is a violation of the WARN Act, which protects against discrimination
B. It violates the principle of employment at will.
C. It eliminates the need for requiring the Form I-9 verification process.
D. It may lead to discrimination on the basis of race and national origin​

Answers

Answer:

Option B, It violates the principle of employment at will

Explanation:

Discrimination of any sort is not promoted in any organization. A suitable candidate is selected based on his/her skill sets, educational background and experience. Also, discrimination of any form in a professional office space is a punishable offence.

Hence, option B is correct

How does the fractional reserve system increase the money supply in a country?

A. By giving banks the authority to print their own money in an economic emergency
B. By using deposited money to make loans without reducing the value of the deposits
C. By automatically converting foreign currencies into U.S. dollars on deposit
D. By guaranteeing that all deposits are held in reserve as cash at all times

Answers

Answer:

B. By using deposited money to make loans without reducing the value of the deposits.

Explanation:

got it right on the quiz :)

By making loans with the help of deposits while maintaining the value of the deposits. Therefore, option B is correct.

What is fractional reserve system?

Fractional reserve system is a banking system in which banks are required to hold only a fraction of their deposit liabilities as reserves in the form of cash or deposits with the central bank, and can lend out the rest of the funds to borrowers.

For example, if a bank has $100 million in deposits and is required to hold a reserve ratio of 10%, it can lend out $90 million and hold $10 million as reserves. This creates new money in the economy, as the borrower who receives the $90 million can deposit it in another bank, which in turn can lend out a portion of the funds.

The fractional reserve system allows banks to earn interest on loans and create more money in the economy, which can stimulate economic growth. However, it also increases the risk of bank runs and financial instability, as depositors may rush to withdraw their funds if they lose confidence in the bank's ability to repay them.

To mitigate this risk, central banks and regulators monitor banks' reserves and require them to hold additional capital as a buffer against losses.

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Help me please... help

Answers

Direct stakeholders are those involved in the company's day-to-day activities. Like employees, who carry out their daily tasks, working on the company's ongoing projects. Indirect stakeholders are those who are more interested in the result of the production. Direct stakeholders are entities that have a visible role in the organization, regulation, operation and support of the bus service; or people, communities and entities that use the service or are impacted by it. Indirect stakeholders are anyone else whose interests are either enhanced or threatened.

Answer:

Explanation:

C part

helpppppppppppppppppppppppppp

Answers

I would say C because examining it with other evidence that was accurate would give you the idea of what you’re look for.

Which could be the heading of Carrie's balance sheet?
Carrie's Balance Sheet (January 1, 2021)
Carrie's Balance Sheet (January)
Carrie's Balance Sheet (Friday, January 3)
O Carrie's Balance Sheet (January 2011 – January 2021)

Answers

Answer: Carrie's Balance Sheet (January 1, 2021)

Explanation:

A Balance sheet should be based on a particular day so that the records contained in it can be specific as of the day the balance sheet was made.

This is done because having a general date might be confusing as many transactions could take place in that period and there will be some confusion as to which ones need to be recorded and which do not. A specific date however, shows the events that have happened up until that very day.

A. Carrie's Balance Sheet (January 1, 2021)

edge 2021

What kind of tax system does the United States use?

A.
flat tax system
B.
progressive tax system
C.
proportional tax system
D.
regressive tax system

Answers

Answer:

the answer is B progressive tax system :)

due process of the law protects an individual's

a. liberty and property interests
b. right to prosperity
c. job
d. pursuit of happiness​

Answers

Answer:

a. liberty and property interests.

Explanation:

A law can be defined as the system of principles, regulations and rules established by legislature, that is adopted in a community, society or country to regulate the actions of its citizens, members or employees.

Thus, law is a tool used by the judiciary, lawyers, individuals, organizations, and even government to ensure everybody is well behaved, non-criminal and civil in their actions. Therefore, a law creates the foundation for ethical behavior.

In circumstances where there are aberration, the law is enforced as a punishment and penalty for wrongdoings or misdeeds.

Hence, due process of the law protects an individual's liberty and property interests because it ensures the right legal procedures are followed and that all accused are given access (entitled) to a fair trial.

The computer accessories that Javier is making and selling are bringing in a substantial amount of money for him. Inspired by this success, he decides to hire two people and expand his business.

Answers

Answer:

International competition

Explanation:

International competitions may be defined as when an organization or a business enterprise enters into a competition with the global organizations. It is that driving force which enables an organization to produce more goods and expand their business in a global term.

In the context, Javier making and selling computer accessories decides to expands his business and produce more of his products and hire two employees for his firm. Thus it is an example of international competition.

QUESTION 8 of 10: You buy a lathe for $20,000. Its useful life is 10 years. Each week, over 10 years, you recognize an equal portion of its cost. This is called depreciation. What is your weekly depreciation for the lathe?

Answers

Answer:

the weekly depreciation is $38.46

Explanation:

The computation of the weekly depreciation is shown below;

Given that

The Purchase value of the lathe is $20,000

Useful life is 10 years

So,  the annual depreciation is

= $20,000 ÷ 10 years

= $2,000 per year

Now the weekly depreciation is

= $2,000 ÷ 52 weeks

= $38.46

Hence, the weekly depreciation is $38.46

What do I do at recess when all my friends are absent? Thanks

Answers

Simple you must go to your friends house and grab them by their hair and pull them all of the way to school boom problem solved (:

Suppose Jon is Kayla's boss. Thus, in this relationship, Kayla is the agent. In the course of her employment, Jon gives Kayla unlawful instructions to commit tax fraud for the company's finances. In this situation, _______________________. multiple choice the agent is required to follow the instruction due to the duty of obedience the agent is required to notify the EPA about the principal the agent is required to follow this instruction due to the duty of accounting the agent is not required to follow this instruction the agent is required to follow the instruction due to the duty of loyalty

Answers

Answer:

the agent is not required to follow this instruction

Explanation:

Agency in this context is simply defined as the relationship that exist usually between a principal and an agent.

An Agent is simply an individual who has been licensed or authorized to act for and on behalf of a principal.

A Principal is an individual who hires an agent to stand in place or represent him or her.

Fiduciary

This is the duty of an individual with a duty to act in place or primarily for another person's benefit.

An agent who makes an unauthorized agreement has failed to meet the duty of obedience. When the principal gives unlawful or unethical instructions, the agent is not bound or required to behave in accordance with them. A principal-agent relationship comes to play when an employer hires an employee to enter into contracts on behalf of the employer usually the more basic type of agency relationship.

An Unauthorized acts

This is defined as an acts go beyond the range of the agent's authority.

If there is a decrease in the short-run aggregate supply curve and no changes in monetary and fiscal policies are implemented, the economy over time will

A. Remain at the new price and output level
B. Continue to have rising prices and decreasing real GDP.
C. Experience increasing nominal wages.
D. Return to the original output and price level.
E. Experience a leftward shift in the aggregate demand curve.

Answers

Answer:

D. Return to the original output and price level.

Explanation:

In Economics, there are primarily two (2) factors which affect the availability and the price at which goods and services are sold or provided, these are demand and supply.

The law of demand states that, the higher the demand for goods and services, the higher the price it would be sold all things being equal. On the other hand, law of supply states that the higher the price of goods and services, the lower the supply.

In order to understand both short-run economic fluctuations and how the economy move from short to long run, we need the aggregate supply and aggregate demand model.

Aggregate supply (AS) refers to the total quantity of output (goods and services) that firms are willing to produce and sell at a given price in an economy at a particular period of time.

An aggregate supply curve gives the relationship between the aggregate price level for goods or services and the quantity of aggregate output supplied in an economy at a specific period of time.

Generally, an economy will return to its original level of output (production) and price level when the short-run aggregate supply curve falls (decreases) and no changes in monetary and fiscal policies are implemented. Fiscal policy refers to the use of government expenditures (spending) and revenues (taxation) in order to influence macroeconomic conditions such as aggregate demand (AD), aggregate supply (AS), inflation, and employment within a country.

What could be some volunteer opportunities for an interior decorating job? Someone pls helppp

Answers

U should start tixtok and promote urself first. U can also make a website and attach all ur files. The website can be ur portfolio. Start offering ur service for free to gain experience and trust of ppl. Tell ur friends to recommend u to someone who needs interior designer. Try to research if there are any volunteering jobs for interior designers in ur area.

The notion that groups alternate between periods of inertia and bursts of energy as they develop is most consistent with:
a. storming-norming stage
b. forming-storming stage
c. punctuated equilibrium
d. evolution-revolution in group development

Answers

Answer:

Option C: punctuated equilibrium

Explanation:

Punctuation are defined as new policy due to a break in monopoly of the subsystem.

Equilibrium is simply a Steady state of affairs. If there is a disruption it will return.

Punctuated equilibrium simply means a long periods of no much or little change and short periods of fast changes.

Mass extinction is said to lead to arapid change and new specie. Such as volcanic eruption, meteor impact causing sudden climatic environmental changes and others. It is a non-rational and a non-linear approach.

Examples is that public policy does not change much over time, except for some shocks. It is generally very stable, on other instances there are dramatic changes.

Help me please.. there is no option on here for Human Resources principals, so I jus clicked business as the subject..

Answers

Answer:

it is c issue-based-model

co
During which stage of a product life cycle do you only need to inform customers about your product?
During the
stage of your product life cycle, you only need to inform customers about your product

Answers

Answer:Introduction

Explanation:

Answer: Maturity stage (the tutorial said so)

Explanation:

(Yeah ik its a veryyy late response)

Can I please get help with this???? I’m not sure if the two are right or not. Please help me!!!!

Answers

Answer:

I think the two you have are correct the second one is Chain restaurants i think

third one Franchise restaurants fourth one One location restaurants

Explanation:

A proper greeting is essential to which part of the sales process?

A. qualifying leads

B. assessing needs

C. collaborating

D. establishing rapport

Answers

I’m not sure but maybe c
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