Is freezing point depression negative?
Yes, freezing point depression is negative because it is the decrease in the freezing point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added to it.
What is freezing point?Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid state. For example, water freezes at 0°C (32°F). At the freezing point, the particles of the liquid slow down to a point where they can no longer move freely and start to form a solid. This happens because the particles of the liquid form a crystal lattice structure when they reach their freezing point. The temperature at which this happens is called the freezing point. Different substances have different freezing points, depending on the type of particles that make up the substance.
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if the potential of a voltaic cell is 0.837 v, what is the free energy change when two moles of electrons are transferred in an oxidation-reduction reaction?
Gibb's free energy change is -1,61,541Joules when two moles of electrons are transferred in an oxidation-reduction reaction.
In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy ) is a thermodynamic potential that can be utilized to compute the greatest measure of work that might be performed by a thermodynamically shut framework at consistent temperature and pressure. It likewise gives an important condition to cycles, for example, substance responses that might happen under these circumstances.
For calculating free energy change, we need to know about the value of faraday constant and voltage of the cell.
We know that 1 faraday=96500Coloumb,voltage=0.837,n=2
So, free energy(ΔG)= - n × F × E°
=>ΔG= -2 × 96500× 0.837
=>ΔG= -193000×0.837
=>ΔG= -1,61,541Joules (Here negative sign shows that voltaic cell is possible in this universe).
Hence, required free energy is -1,61,541Joules.
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The molecular geometry (shape) of the H3O+ ion is
O octahedral
O trigonal planar
O trigonal pyramidal
O bent
O tetrahedralPrevious question
Option C; The molecular geometry (shape) of the H3O+ ion is trigonal pyramidal.
A cation The hydronium ion is also known as H3O+. If we look at the nomenclature for the hydronium ion, we can see that it can also be referred to as oxonium in the IUPAC nomenclature.
The name hydronium must be used to specifically identify hydronium ions because "oxyonium" is a broad term for all trivalent oxygen cations.
19.02 g/mol is the molar mass of the hydronium ion.
The three hydrogen atoms in H3O+ form a triangle at the three corners of oxygen, and one single pair of electrons on oxygen gives H3O+ its pyramidal shape.
The hydronium ion has the chemical formula H3O+. Any time an acid dissolves in water, the hydronium ion is created.
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When dichlorocarbene is generated in the presence of an atkene. a dichlorocyclopropane is formed. Write the complete stepwise mechanism for the formation of dichlorocarbene, CCl2. Show all intermediate structures and show all electron
When a dichlorocarbene is added to an alkene, it exhibits double bond stereoselectivity.
Dichlorocarbene chemistry refers to the formation of an uneven mixture of stereoisomers by a single reagent during the non-stereospecific synthesis of a new stereocenter or the non-dichlorocarbene transformation of an already-existing one. The selectivity is caused by various steric and electrical effects in the mechanistic pathways leading to the various products. dichlorocarbene can never be completely eliminated because the activation energy difference between the two pathways is finite. Both goods are theoretical and only differ in size. Under ideal conditions the analytical techniques may be unable to identify the minor dichlorocarbene.
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What kind of bonding does sodium bicarbonate have?
The bond formed between the sodium bicarbonate is known as ionic bonds. They are known as metallic bonds and leads to the formation of cations.
The molecular weight sodium bicarbonate of is 84.007. Sodium bicarbonate is known as an odorless white crystalline powder which can also form lumps.
They are slightly alkaline in nature having a bitter taste.
pH (of freshly prepared 0.1 molar aqueous solution) is 8.3 at 77 °F. pH (of saturated solution): 8-9.The monosodium salt of carbonic acid, sodium bicarbonate which also has alkalinizing and electrolyte characteristics is known as sodium bicarbonate.
They dissociates into sodium and bicarbonate ions by decomposition. Ion generation raises blood pH by increasing plasma bicarbonate and buffering excess hydrogen ion concentration.
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108Xe is expected to be stable. Why is this false?
When the structure of 108Xe with S=0 is calculated, it has been noted that it contains 54 protons and 54 neutrons with strong symmetry, therefore 108Xe was thought to be stable, but when its half life is determined experimentally, it comes to be just 58 microseconds, which is truly quite low.
Xenon is a chemical element with the symbol Xe and the atomic number 54. It is a colourless, odourless noble gas found in tiny amounts in the Earth's atmosphere. Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness, and death can result from excessive inhalation. Poor judgement, confusion, or loss of consciousness can all lead to death, preventing self-rescue.
Xenon is used in several specialised light sources. It emits a gorgeous blue light when activated by an electrical discharge. Xenon lamps are used in a wide range of applications, such as high-speed electronic flash bulbs for photographers, sunbed lamps, and bactericidal lights for food preparation and processing. Xenon improves long-term cognitive function in mice, reduces neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation, and improves survival after traumatic brain injury.
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How many moles of O2 are needed to prepare 1.00 gram of Ca(NO3)2?
Ca + N2 + 3O2 → Ca(NO3)2
A) 183 moles
B) 366 moles
C) 0.00200 moles
D) 0.0183 moles
Answer:
0.0183 moles are needed
What is the row at the bottom of the periodic table called?
Answer:
Actinides
Explanation:good
:)
What is the best factor to consider in using the chemical sanitizer?
The ideal water temperature range for chemical sanitizers is typically between 55°F (13°C) and 120°F. There must be contact time for the sanitizer to remove hazardous bacteria properly.
Why is it crucial to take into account particular elements while evaluating the efficacy of chemical sanitizers?Overly high concentrations can be dangerous, flavor- and odor-degrading, corrosive to metals and other materials, and residue-producing. A chlorine bleach sanitising solution begins to lose some of its potency over time.
Which of the following influences how well a chemical sanitizer performs in hot water?It is important to consider the solution's temperature. While not being too hot to expedite sanitizer evaporation, water must be heated enough to increase solution activity.
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9) Copper metal, Cu(s), will spontaneously reduce which of the following?
a) Fe2+ and Ag+
b) Fe2+
c) Ag+
d) Al3+
e) Fe2+ and Al3+
Copper metal Cu(s) will spontaneously reduce Fe2+ and Al3+. So the correct option is e. Fe2+ and Al3+
Cu(s), is a reducing agent since it is able to reduce other chemicals by donating electrons. Copper has a low standard reduction potential of -0.34 V, meaning it is able to reduce the oxidation state of many other elements. This includes both Fe2+ and Al3+ ions.
In the case of Fe2+, the reduction reaction would be Cu(s) + Fe2+ --> Cu2+ + Fe(s). For Al3+, the reaction would be Cu(s) + 2Al3+ --> 2Cu2+ + Al(s). On the other hand, Cu(s) is unable to reduce either Ag+ or Fe3+ since the reduction potential for both is lower than the reduction potential of Cu(s).
Therefore the correct option will be e. Fe2+ and Al3+
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Is 4 degrees in the danger zone?
Bacteria grow the fastest at temperatures ranging from 40°F to 140°F, doubling in size in just as 20 minutes. This temperature range is commonly referred to as the "Danger Zone." Never put food out of the refrigerator for more than 2 hours.
How many degrees is the danger zone?The danger zone is defined as the temperature range of 40-140°F (4-60°C), where bacteria grow and thrive. It is critical to keep perishables out of the danger zone in order to keep your food safe. Keep hot foods warm and cold foods cold.
The longer food is exposed to high temperatures, the more time microbes have to grow. The primary objective is to decrease the length of time TCS meals is exposed to high temperatures. If food is kept in this temperature range for four hours or more, it must be discarded.
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How many Mg2+ ions are in 1.00 mole of MgO?
The number of atoms found in a mole of compound has been given by relationship between the mole and the Avogadro number. The Avogadro number has been the constant that has been given by the number 6.023 × 10^23.
The relationship between the atoms and mole has been given by:
1 mole = 6.023 × 10^23 mg2+ ions.
So, the number of mg2+ ions that has been present in1 mole of the MgO has been equivalent to the Avogadro number.
Thus, 1 mole of MgO has 6.023 × 10^23 mg2+ ions.
Avogadro number
The Avogadro number is the approximate number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in one gram of ordinary matter.
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What are the redox reactions that take place?
Answer:
mitochondria
Explanation:
is that correct please answer
lewis structure for caffeine
Answer:
Explanation:
Lewis structure is a type of structural formula that describes the bonding between atoms in a molecule. It shows how many electrons are shared between two or more atoms and which orbitals are being used for the bond. Lewis structures can be used to predict several properties of molecules, including their boiling point, melting point, reactivity and solubility. Caffeine is an organic compound with molecular formula C8H10N4O2 that contains four nitrogen-containing rings connected by three single bonds and one double bond. Its Lewis structure can be drawn using valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory to determine the geometry around each atom in the molecule and then drawing out each atom's individual electron pairs according to its VSEPR geometry.
I need the solution of C.
The maximum volume of carbon dioxide that can be formed at RTP would be 0.48 L.
Stoichiometric problemSodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following balanced equation:
[tex]Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl -- > 2NaCl + H_2O + CO_2[/tex]
The mole ratio of the sodium carbonate that reacts to the carbon dioxide that is produced is 1:1. Thus 0.020 mol of sodium carbonate will be equivalent to 0.020 mol of carbon dioxide.
At room temperature and pressure (RTP), 1 mole of gas is equivalent to 24 L of gas.
Thus, 0.020 mol carbon dioxide would be equivalent to:
0.020 x 24 = 0.48 L
In other words, the maximum volume of carbon dioxide that can be produced from the reaction at RTP is 0.48 L.
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Draw a Lewis structure for each species.
(a) N2H4
(b) N2H2
(c) (CH3)2NH2Cl
(d) CH3CN
(e) CH3CHO
(f) CH3S(O)CH3
(g) H2SO4
(h) CH3NCO
(i) CH3OSO2OCH3
(j) CH3C(NH)CH3
(k) (CH3)3CNO
Here are the Lewis structures for each species:
[tex]N_2H_4[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]N_2H_4[/tex] is:
H H
\ /
N--N
|
H
H
[tex]N_2H_2[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]N_2H_2[/tex] is:
H H
\ /
N
|
N
|
H
[tex](CH_3)_2NH_2Cl[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex](CH_3)_2NH_2Cl[/tex] is:
Cl
NH
|
C--C--C
|
NH
|
C--C
[tex]CH_3CN[/tex]The Lewis structure for[tex]CH_3CN[/tex] is:
H
|
C--N
|
H C
| |
H H
[tex]CH_3CHO[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3CHO[/tex] is:
H
|
C--C
|
H O
| |
H H
[tex]CH_3S(O)CH_3[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3S(O)CH_3[/tex] is:
H H
\ /
C--S
|
H C--O
|
H C--H
|
H
[tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] is:
H O H
\ / \ /
S O
|
O--H
[tex]CH_3NCO[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3NCO[/tex] is:
H
|
C--N
|
H C
| |
O H
[tex]CH_3OSO_2OCH_3[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3OSO_2OCH_3[/tex] is:
H H
\ /
C--O--S--O--O--C
| |
H H H
[tex]CH_3C(NH)CH_3[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3C(NH)CH_3[/tex] is:
H H
\ /
C--C
|
N C--H
\ /
H H
[tex](CH_3)_3CNO[/tex]The Lewis structure for [tex](CH_3)_3CNO[/tex] is:
H H H
\ / /
C--C--C--N
|
O
|
H
A Lewis structure is a way of representing the electron configuration of a molecule or ion using dots and lines. The dots represent the valence electrons, and the lines represent the bonds between atoms. Lewis structures can be used to predict the geometry of a molecule or ion and to understand the chemical properties of a compound.
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Multiple Equilibria KA Explain What is Meant by Multiple Equilibria Question Adding ammonia to an aqueous solution of magnesium hydroxide: Select the correct answer below: O prevents precipitation of Mg(OH), O encourages precipitation of MgrOH), O lowers the pH O none of the above
If adding ammonia to the magnesium hydroxide solution it will encourage the precipitation of Mg(OH)₂.
Adding ammonia NH₃ to the solution increases the hydroxide concentration.
NH₃ (aq) + H₂O (l) → NH₄⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq)
Increasing the hydroxide concentration will encourage the precipitation of Mg(OH)₂ so that the hydroxide concentration is maintained in the solution.
Ammonia is widely used in the urea production process, the chemical industry, and the pulp and paper industry. Ammonia is an inorganic compound that is needed as an energy source in the nitrification process of aerobic bacteria.
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Atoms with a strong attraction for electrons they share with another atom exhibit
answer choices
- high electronegativity
- zero electronegativity
Given that E0cell=3.20V for the reaction 2Na(inHg)+Cl2(g)⇌2Na+(aq)+2Cl−(aq)
What is E0 for the reduction 2Na(aq)++2e−→2Na(inHg)?
The cell potential of the reduction is -3.20V.
What is the reduction potential?We know that the reduction has to do with electron gain. The process is called a redox reaction because it involves the simultaneous loss and gain of electrons in the process.
We have been told that the standard electrode potential of the cell as it has been shown is 3.20V. It is also clear that the second equation that been written is only possible when we turn the cell around in which case the cell potential would become - 3.20V.
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a student predicts that the density of salt water is higher than the density of drinking water. the student hasa beaker filled with salt water, a beaker filled with drinking water, and a cube that is hung from a springscale. the cube will sink in both liquids. what measurements are needed to verify the student's prediction?
The measurements needed to verify the student's predictions are:
1. Measurement of the mass of the cube.2. Measurement of the volume of the cube.3. Measurement of the mass of the beaker of salt water.4. Measurement of the volume of the beaker of salt water.5. Measurement of the mass of the beaker of drinking water.6. Measurement of the volume of the beaker of drinking water.7. Measurement of the weight of the cube in the beaker of salt water.8. Measurement of the weight of the cube in the beaker of drinking water.9. Comparison of the density of the salt water to the density of the drinking water.Verifying Predictions of Salt Water Density: An ExperimentThe goal of this experiment is to verify a student's prediction that the density of salt water is higher than the density of drinking water. To do this, we will use a beaker filled with salt water, a beaker filled with drinking water, and a cube that is hung from a spring scale. The cube will then be placed in both liquids and the appropriate measurements will be taken in order to make an accurate comparison.
First, the mass and volume of the cube must be measured. This can be done by placing the cube on a scale and recording its mass. The volume can be calculated by measuring the length, width, and height of the cube and multiplying them together.
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lewis structure ibr2-
The structure of [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] has a linear organization(shown in the figure below).
The linear [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] structure has two axially positioned bromine atoms and three lone pairs of electrons at equatorial positions to reduce lone pair repulsions. The bending rule for [tex]sp^{3}d[/tex] hybridization states that in order to reduce repulsions between lone pairs, all lone pairs of electrons should be in an equatorial orientation. Compared to lone pair-bond pair and bond pair-bond pair repulsions, lone pair repulsions are particularly strong. [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}\\[/tex] has a linear structure as a result.
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Determine the name for Br2O A. bromine (i) oxide B. bromine oxide C. dibromine monoxide D. bromate E. bromine (ii) oxide
the correct option is (C) dibromine monoxide
Chemical formulas are collections of symbols and numbers that describe the kind of atoms and elements that make up a molecule or compound.
Dibromine silicide is the formal dibromine monoxide name of the substance. Compounds called silicides typically contain silicon together with other electropositive components. Bromine's chemical structure is Silicon's chemical structure isIt is obvious from the given name that there are two bromine atoms.
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A thermite reaction releases large amounts of heat and light, resulting in the melting of the iron metal that forms during the reaction.
fe2o3 + 2al → al2o3 + 2fe
determine the correct mole ratio for iron (iii) oxide and aluminum based on the balanced chemical equation. fe2o3:al =
Answer:
The mole ratio for iron (iii) oxide to aluminium is
1:2
A shot put at the Olympic games has a mass of 7250 grams and has a volume of 300.0 cm3 , what is the density of the shot put?
The density of the shot put can be given as 24.2 g/cm^3.
What is the density?We know that the density is obtained as the ratio of the mass to the volume of the object. We know that the volume is an intrinsic property hence it can be used to be able to obtain the properties of the material that is in question
Now we have some information about the material that has been discussed in the question. We are told that the mass of the object is 7250 grams and the volume of the object is 300.0 cm3.
Given the fact that we have these parameters about the question, we can now be able to obtain the density of the material by the use of the formula that can be applied for density as;
Density = mass/volume
Density =7250 grams/ 300.0 cm3
= 24.2 g/cm^3
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the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
....is called an ATOM .
*URGENT*
A farmer was unhappy because of his low yield. He discussed the problem with an agricultural scientist and realized that the soil of his field was either too acidic or too basic. What remedy would you suggest the farmer to neutralize the soil.?
Answer:
If the soil is too acidic, then thus we use a base (calcium hydroxide) to neutralize this soil, If the soil is too basic then we add organic matter to it as these organic matter let out acid which neutralizes the soil.
Hope it helps!
Answer:
due to exceeding of acids on the soil
Explanation:
he should use some base like calcium hydroxide to nutrilize it and make the soil ferrile
Which equation represents the most accurate model of cellular respiration? note: c6h12o6 is the sugar, glucose.
The most accurate equation representing the model of cellular respiration is: D. C6H12O6 (sugar) + 6O2 (oxygen) --> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + energy.
How does cellular respiration happen?Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that breaks down glucose and oxygen to provide energy for plants. This energy is in the form of ATP energy essential to support many other reactions in the plant’s body. To produce this energy, plants react to glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen to form ATP. The process also produces carbon dioxide and water as the side product. This reaction is also known as glycolysis, which most accurately represents as:
C6H12O6 (sugar) + 6O2 (oxygen) --> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + energy.
This question seems incomplete. The complete query is as follows:
"Which equation represents the most accurate model of cellular respiration?
6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + sunlight --> 6O2 (oxygen) + C6H12O6 (sugar)CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O (water) + energy --> O2 (oxygen) + C6H12O6 (sugar) + CO2 (carbon dioxide)C6H12O6 (sugar) --> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + 6O2 (oxygen) + energyC6H12O6 (sugar) + 6O2 (oxygen) --> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + energy"Learn more about glycolysis here https://brainly.com/question/29526140
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Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through which of the following processes?
(a) neutron bombardment
(b) gamma emission
(c) positron emission
(d) beta emission
(e) neutron emission
The Correct option is C.
Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through the process of positron emission.
What is Positron emission?Positron emission tomography (PET) is a technique that measures physiological function by looking at blood flow, metabolism, neurotransmitters, and radiolabelled drugs. PET offers quantitative analyses, allowing relative changes over time to be monitored as a disease process evolves or in response to a specific stimulus.
This technique is based on the detection of radioactivity emitted after a small amount of a radioactive tracer is injected into a peripheral vein. The tracer is administered as an intravenous injection usually labelled with oxygen-15, fluorine-18, carbon-11, or nitrogen-13.
Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through the process of positron emission.
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3. Why were you able to identify your unknown? Explain in terms of the electronic structure of atoms.
(In other words: Why were each of these flames a different color?)
If you need more room, attach a separate sheet of paper.
Each natural element has a distinctive light spectrum that makes it easier to distinguish it from samples of unidentified or unknown compounds.
How can the electrical structure of atoms be used to identify unknown elements?The atomic number and the number of protons in an atom are the two characteristics that can be utilized to identify an element. Although it can vary depending on the atom in question, the number of neutrons and electrons is often equal to the number of protons.
What does a compound's electrical structure entail?The series of energy levels that a bound electron may occupy makes up the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. Numerous distinguishing features of an atom or molecule, including as their chemical, optical, and electrical capabilities, are determined by this electronic structure.
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Can pewter cause lead poisoning?
Due to the deadly nature of lead, daily or regular use caused the chemical to leak out of the plate, spoon, or tankard and swiftly enter the body.
Since when is lead no longer added to pewter?Older pewters with a higher lead concentration are heavier, tarnish more quickly, and turn a darker shade of silver-grey with time. In 1974, BS5140, which was strengthened in 1994 by the European directive BSEN611, eliminated lead from the composition.
Lead toxicity from pewter?There was lead in a lot of ceramic glazes. Use any contemporary pewter you may have without worrying. Modern pewter is completely lead free and is typically designated as such. It is generally used for decorative items. Riskier is antique pewter.
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