Answer:
See Explanation
Explanation:
In thermodynamics theory the Free Energy (ΔG) of a chemical system is described by the expression ΔG = ΔG° + RTlnQ. When chemical system is at equilibrium ΔG = 0. Substituting into the system expression gives ...
0 = ΔG° + RTlnKc, which rearranges to ΔG° = - RTlnKc. ΔG° in electrochemical terms gives ΔG° = - nFE°, where n = charge transfer, F = Faraday Constant = 96,500 amp·sec and E° = Standard Reduction Potential of the electrochemical system of interest.
Substituting into the ΔG° expression above gives
-nFE°(cell) = -RTlnKc => E°(cell) = (-RT/-nF)lnKc = (2.303·R·T/n·F)logKc
=> E°(cell) = (0.0592/n)logKc = E°(Reduction) - E°(Oxidation)
Application example:
Calculate the Kc value for a Zinc/Copper electrochemical cell.
Zn° => Zn⁺² + 2e⁻ ; E°(Zn) = -0.76 volt
Cu° => Cu⁺² + 2e⁻ ; E°(Cu) = 0.34 volt
By natural process, charge transfer occurs from the more negative reduction potential to the more positive reduction potential.
That is,
Zn° => Zn⁺² + 2e⁻ (Oxidation Rxn)
Cu⁺² + 2e⁻ => Cu° (Reduction Rxn)
E°(Zn/Cu) = (0.0592/n)logKc
= (0.0592/2)logKc = E°(Cu) - E°(Zn) = 0.34v - (-0.76v) = 1.10v
=> logKc = 2(1.10)/0.0592 = 37.2
=> Kc = 10³⁷°² = 1.45 x 10³⁷
describe and compare the trends in hardness for group 1 and group 2
elements?
Answer:
The key difference between group 1 and group 2 elements is that all group 1 elements have unpaired electrons in their outermost orbital, whereas group 2 elements have paired electrons in their outermost orbital.
The hardness of group 2 elements are harder than group 1 elements because they have a strong metallic bond and atoms are closely packed.
What are the group 1 and 2 elements?The group 1 elements are alkali metals and group 2 elements are alkaline earth metals. Group 1 contain 7 elements. Group 2 has 6 elements.
The difference between, group 1 elements have unpaired electrons in their outermost orbital, whereas group 2 elements have paired electrons in their outermost orbital.
Thus, the hardness of group 2 elements are harder than group 1 elements because they have a strong metallic bond and atoms are closely packed.
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Calculate the kinetic energy of a mole of oxygen gas molecules that have a speed
of 10.0 m/s.
Answer:
1600J
Explanation:
1 mole of oxygen gas (O2) has a mass of 32g i.e. the molar mass = 32g/mol
Kinetic energy (K.E) = ½ × m × v²
Where;
m = mass (g)
v = speed or velocity (m/s)
From the information given in this question;
m = 32g
V = 10m/s²
K.E = ½ × 32 × 10²
K.E = 16 × 100
K.E = 1600J
A molecule with 14 total electrons and 12 total protons
Answer:
Explanation:
Tenochtitlan was located on a swampy island in Lake Texcoco in what is today south central Mexico. The Aztecs were able to settle there because no one else wanted the land. At first, it wasn't a great place to start a city, but soon the Aztecs built up islands where they could grow crops. The water also worked as a natural defense against attacks from other cities.
Read more at: https://www.ducksters.com/history/aztec_empire/tenochtitlan.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.
The charge on a molecule with 14 electrons and 12 protons = -2
Although your question is vague a general answer is provided above
When the number of protons and the number of electrons in a molecule are equal to each other, the charge on the molecule will be neutral, this is because Electrons are negatively charged while protons are positively charged.
Therefore a molecule with 14 electrons and 12 protons will have a charge of
= -14 + 12 = - 2
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Uranium is an element with three naturally occurring isotopes: 238U, 235U, and 234U. This means that 238U, which has a mass number of 238 has _______more than 235 u which has a mass number of 235.
Answer:
The correct answer is - neutrons.
Explanation:
Uranium has various isotopes found naturally that are three 238U, 235U, and 234U. Uranium has an atomic number of 92 which means there are 92 protons and 92 electrons in the atomic structure.
Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons that can vary from 141 to 146. U-238 has 146 neutrons in the nucleus, whereas 235 U has 143 neutrons.
The U- 238 has more neutrons than U- 235. Atomic mass is the sum total of the nucleons or protons and neutrons.
What are Isotopes?
They are the different variants of the same molecules which have the same number of protons but the different number of neutrons.
Atomic mass is the sum total of the nucleons or protons and neutrons. The atomic number of Uranium is 92, the rest of the mass comes from neutrons.
Therefore, the U- 238 has more neutrons than U- 235.
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In a receptacle we have 29 g of hydrochloric acid that react with an excess of ammonia according the following equation:
HCl + NH3 → NH4Cl
The percent yield of the reaction is 54 %. Determine:
1.Mass of ammonium chloride obtained.
2.How many moles of ammonium chloride are forme
Answer:
2969429th Ave
Explanation:
i dont know
In the compound Na3PO4, which two atoms are involved in the formation of a covalent bond?
Answer:
P-O.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the definition of the covalent bond, which involves valence electrons sharing, occurring specially between nonmetals, we infer that the P-O bond is the most likely to be covalent, because the P-Na bond is not present and the O-Na bond is ionic.
Regards!
Control rods in nuclear reactors are made of materials that absorb free neutrons in order to
slow down the chain reaction.
True
False
A 5.0 L sample of gas at 300. K is heated to 600. K. What will the new volume of the gas be?
Answer:
[tex]V_2=10L[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible for us to calculate the required new volume by using the Charles' law as a directly proportional relationship between temperature and volume:
[tex]\frac{V_2}{T_2} =\frac{V_1}{T_1}[/tex]
In such a way, we solve for V2 and plug in V1, T1 and T2 to obtain:
[tex]V_2=\frac{V_1T_2}{T_1}\\\\V_2=\frac{5.0L*600K}{300K}\\\\V_2=10L[/tex]
Regards!
Commercial soaps are mixtures of ionic compounds typically made up of monatomic cations, such as Na and K , and organic polyatomic anions derived from fatty acids. These negatively charged molecular ions are characterized by the presence of hydrocarbon chains which are 12 to 18 carbon atoms long. How hard (solid, insoluble) or soft (liquid, soluble) a soap is depends on the nature of the anions and cations present in the system. Analyze how each of the following factors may affect the hardness or softness of soaps:
1. The nature of the cations. For example, Na* vs Li* vs K.
2. The length of the hydrocarbon chain. For example, 12 carbons (laureate lon), 14 carbons (myristate lon), or 18 carbons (stearate lon).
Answer:
Following are the solution to the given question:
Explanation:
For question 1:
The sodium soap containing Na+ is strong whereas the softer or liquids were potassium soap.It's hard to use lithium soap.These Na+, K+, and Li+ ions act as the hydrophilic center.Calcium and Magnesium ions could be substituted by hard water with increasing hydrophilicity.For question 2:
The hydrophobicity of its carbon chain increases but one appears weaker with only an increased length.Therefore, the laureate is hard, while the stearate is soft.When the ball is at rest, what forces are acting on it?
differences between geometric isomerism and optical isomerism?
Geometric isomers have the same structural formulas but differ in the arrangement of groups at a single atom, at double bonds, or in rings. ... One of the optical isomers rotates the light in one direction, the other rotates the light in the opposite direction but by the same amount.
PLEASE HELP EMERGENCY ‼️‼️ needed ASAP
Answer:
the photo is kind of blurry i cant really see it, sorry
Explanation:
Why doesnt the gas on a gas giant escape into space, as it has on mercury?
Answer:
When surface gravity is ore than the escape velocity gases can not escape from the planet.
Explanation:
Mercury is near Sun and the solar wind is also blowing out the atmosphere.
The gas on a gas giant escape into space, as it does on mercury because mercury is closest to sun.
What is a gas giant?A gas giant is defined as a giant planet which is composed mainly of elements of hydrogen and helium. Gas giants are also called failed stars because they contain the same basic elements as a star. Jupiter and Saturn are the gas giants of the Solar System. The term "gas giant" was originally synonymous with "giant planet". However, in the 1990s, it became known that Uranus and Neptune are really a distinct class of giant planets, being composed mainly of heavier volatile substances.For this reason, Uranus and Neptune are now often classified in the separate category of ice giants.
Jupiter and Saturn consist mostly of elements of hydrogen and helium, with heavier elements making up between 3 and 13 percent of their mass. They are thought to consist of an outer layer of compressed molecular hydrogen surrounding a layer of liquid metallic hydrogen, with probably a molten rocky core inside.
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What is the percent yield if the actual yield of
NH3 is 70 grams
At a temperature of 408K, which gad will have the highest velocity?
Answer:
1 - NO2 at 339 K
2 - Ne at 371 K
3 - H2 at 371 K
4 - H2 at 425 K
Explanation:
Kinetic Energy is directly related to temperature; the higher the temperature the higher the kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is also equal to 12m⋅v2, so if we want a high velocity we want high temp and low mass. So let's list out approximate masses:
m(H2)≈2
m(NO2)≈46
m(Ne)≈20
So we have NO2 at 339 K, the lowest temperature out of the mix, and the highest mass out of the mix, so this is moving the slowest.
In contrast, we have H2 at 425 K, the highest temperature out of the mix, and the lowest mass out of the mix, so this is moving the fastest.
Now we have Ne and H2 at 371 K, since they are at the same temperature they have the same kinetic energy. But H2 is lighter than Ne so it must be faster. To quantify this mathematically, let's assume (this is wrong but just as an assumption for an example) KE at 371 K is 100:
100=12⋅m⋅v2
200=m⋅v2
√200m=v
So H2 is about v=10 and Ne is about v=√10≈3
So the order to recap is:
1 - NO2 at 339 K
2 - Ne at 371 K
3 - H2 at 371 K
4 - H2 at 425 K
Hope that makes it clearer!
How many sigma and pie bonds are in the following compound?
1.00
on
H:0:
| ||
H-C-C-H
1
H
For the first
H : O : H
Theres two bonds here
Each other are sigma
So 2Sigma bonds present
For the Second
I believe you wanted to write Ethyne....
In a triple bond... Theres 1sigma and 2 Pi bonds
Every single bond is a sigma bond
So
Counting all
we have
2Pi bonds and 3Sigma bonds
what mass of oxygen reacted with the 8.40 grams of c
How many grams of Ni are formed from 55.3 g of Ni2O3?
2Ni2O3(s)⟶4Ni(s)+3O2(g)
Answer:
39.2 g
Explanation:
2Ni₂O₃(s) ⟶ 4Ni(s) + 3O₂(g)First we convert 55.3 grams of Ni₂O₃ into moles of Ni₂O₃, using its molar mass:
55.3 g ÷ 165.39 g/mol = 0.334 mol Ni₂O₃Then we convert 0.334 moles of Ni₂O₃ into moles of Ni, using the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced reaction:
0.334 mol Ni₂O₃ * [tex]\frac{4molNi}{2molNi_2O_3}[/tex] = 0.668 mol NiFinally we calculate how much do 0.668 Ni moles weigh, using the molar mass of Ni :
0.668 mol Ni * 58.69 g/mol = 39.2 gDetermine what mass of carbon monoxide and what mass of hydrogen are required to form 6.0 kg of methanol by the reaction CO(g) + 2H2(g) -> C H3OH(l)
Answer:
5250 grams or 5.25 kg of carbon monoxide and 375 grams of hydrogen are required to form 6 kg of methanol.
Explanation:
The balanced reaction:
CO (g) + 2 H₂ (g) -> CH₃OH (l)
By stoichiometry of the reaction, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
CO: 1 moleH₂: 2 molesCH₃OH: 1 moleBeing the molar mass of each compound:
CO: 28 g/moleH₂: 1 g/moleCH₃OH: 32 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
CO: 1 mole* 28 g/mole= 28 gramsH₂: 2 moles* 1 g/mole= 2 gramsCH₃OH: 1 mole* 32 g/mole= 32 gramsBeing 6 kg equivalent to 6000 grams (1 kg= 1000 grams), you can apply the following rules of three:
If by stoichiometry 32 grams of methanol are formed from 28 grams of carbon monoxide, 6000 grams of methanol are formed from how much mass of carbon monoxide?[tex]mass of carbon monoxide=\frac{6000 grams of methanol*28 grams of carbon monoxide}{32 grams of methanol}[/tex]
mass of carbon monoxide= 5250 grams= 5.25 kg
If by stoichiometry 32 grams of methanol are formed from 2 grams of hydrogen, 6000 grams of methanol are formed from how much mass of hydrogen?
[tex]mass of hydrogen=\frac{6000 grams of methanol*2 grams of hydrogen}{32 grams of methanol}[/tex]
mass of hydrogen= 375 grams
5250 grams or 5.25 kg of carbon monoxide and 375 grams of hydrogen are required to form 6 kg of methanol.
Which base(s) is weaker than ammonia?
hydroxylamine, methylamine, and pyridine
pyridine only
hydroxylamine and methylamine
hydroxylamine and pyridine
Answer:
Hydroxylamine and pyridine
Explanation:
Just did it
Calculate the ionization constant for the following acids or bases from the ionization constant of its conjugate base or conjugate acid: Keep your answer to 2 significant figures (CH3)3NH+
Answer:
7.41 × 10⁻⁵
Explanation:
Let's consider the basic dissociation reaction of trimethylamine (CH₃)N).
(CH₃)N + H₂O = (CH₃)NH⁺ + OH⁻
According to Brönsted-Lowry, in this reaction (CH₃)N is a base and (CH₃)NH⁺ is its conjugate acid. The pKb for (CH₃)N is 9.87. We can calculate the pKa of (CH₃)NH⁺ using the following expression.
pKa + pKb = 14
pKa = 14 - pKb = 14 - 9.87 = 4.13
Then, we can calculate the acid dissociation constant for (CH₃)NH⁺ using the following expression.
pKa = -log Ka
Ka = antilog - pKa = antilog -4.13 = 7.41 × 10⁻⁵
pls help me with is question.
Answer:
25cm³ = 0.025L of H2So4
Molarity of H2SO4 = 1moldm-³
Recall ... 1dm-³ = 1L
So the Molarity can also be 1mol/L
Mole = Molarity x volume in L
Mole of H2SO4 = 1mol/L x 0.025L
=0.025Moles of Sulphuric acid reacted.
From the equation of reaction
1mole of H2SO4 reacts to produce 1mole of Copper sulphate crystal
Since their Mole ratio is 1:1
It means that Since 0.025mole of H2SO4 reacted.... 0.025mole of CuSO4.5H2O would be produced
Nice.. OK
So we know the moles of CuSO4.5H2O produced
We can get the Mass
Recall
From
Mole=Mass/Molar Mass
Mass = Mole x Molar Mass
Molar Mass of CuSO4.5H2O = 64 + 32 + 16x4+ 5(2+16)
Mm= 250g/mol
Mass = 0.025mol x 250g/mol
= 6.25g of CuSO4.5H2O crystals Would be PRODUCED.
The oceanic crust is destroyed at convergent boundaries because it_______________________ *
a) diverges to form a rift valley
b) goes into a subduction zone where it is melted by the hot magma
c) transforms
d) the rock crumbles at an ocean ridges
Answer: I believe the answer is d) the rock crumbles at an ocean ridges
Explanation:
which is radioactive decay
Answer:
Explanation:all
To lower the chance of suffering from decompression sickness (the bends), scuba divers use a mixture of gases in their air tank (typically oxygen and nitrogen gas in recreational dives). Assuming no other gas is present besides oxygen and nitrogen, if the mole fraction of oxygen present is 0.21, what is the partial pressure of nitrogen gas if the total pressure is 111.7 atm
Answer: The partial pressure of nitrogen gas if the total pressure is 111.7 atm is 88.243 atm.
Explanation:
Given: Mole fraction of oxygen = 0.21
Total pressure = 111.7 atm
It is known that the sum of moles fractions is always equal to 1. So, mole fraction of nitrogen is calculated as follows.
Mole fraction of nitrogen + mole fraction of oxygen = 1
Mole fraction of nitrogen = 1 - mole fraction of oxygen
Mole fraction of nitrogen = 1 - 0.21
Mole fraction of nitrogen = 0.79
Now, formula used to calculate the partial pressure of nitrogen is as follows.
[tex]P_{N} = X_{N} \times P_{total}[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_{N}[/tex] = partial pressure of nitrogen
[tex]X_{N}[/tex] = mole fraction of nitrogen
[tex]P_{total}[/tex] = total pressure
Substitute the values into above formula as follows.
[tex]P_{N} = X_{N} \times P_{total}\\= 0.79 \times 111.7 atm\\= 88.243 atm[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that the partial pressure of nitrogen gas if the total pressure is 111.7 atm is 88.243 atm.
by what process does water vapor become a cloud?
a. evaporation
b. transpiration
c. condensation
d. precipitation
For many purposes we can treat butane as an ideal gas at temperatures above its boiling point of . Suppose the pressure on a sample of butane gas at is cut in half. Is it possible to change the temperature of the butane at the same time such that the volume of the gas doesn't change? yes no If you answered yes, calculate the new temperature of the gas. Round your answer to the nearest °C.
Answer:
A. Yes
B. The new temperature of the gas is -116 °C
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question is given below :
For many purposes we can treat butane C H10) as an ideal gas at temperatures above its boiling point of - 1. °C. Suppose the pressure on a 500 mL sample of butane gas at 41.0°C is cut in half. Iyes Is it possible to change the temperature of the butane at the same time such that the volume of the gas doesn't change? yes no If you answered yes, calculate the new temperature of the gas. Round your answer to the nearest °C.
Explanation:
A. According to the pressure law of gases,for a fixed mass of gas the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature once the volume is kept constant. This means that a change in temperature can bring about a change in pressurein a gas at constant volume.
B. From the pressure law of gasese: P1/T1 = P2/T2
Where initial pressure = P1, final pressure = P2
Initial temperature = T1, final temperature = T2
For the butane gas;
P1 = P
P2 = P/2
T1 = 41°C = (273 + 41 ) K = 314 K
T2 = ?
From the equation, T2 = T1 × P2 / P1
T2 = 314 × P/2 /P
T2 = 157 K
T2 = (157 - 273) °C = -116 °C
Therefore, the new temperature of the gas is -116 °C
The mass number of an atom can be calculated from the
Mass number (A) =protons (p+) + neutrons(n°)
HELLP ME PLSSS
The passing of heat through a material is called ________.
A. vibration
B. conduction
C. radiation
D. convectio
Answer:
B
Explanation:
conduction is the transfer of heat between objects that touch
which shows a disaccharide
Answer: It is :B:
Explanation: also sub to technoblade