Answer:
The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
A proton gradient is a difference in the concentration of protons (H+) across a membrane. In cellular respiration, a proton gradient is created by the electron transport chain (ETC) in the mitochondria.
The ETC is a series of proteins that shuttle electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen. As the electrons are shuttled, they lose energy, which is used to pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space.
This creates a concentration gradient, with more protons in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix.
The proton gradient is used to power ATP synthesis. The enzyme ATP synthase, which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, uses the energy of the proton gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
The proton gradient is a key part of cellular respiration, and it is essential for the production of ATP. Without the proton gradient, ATP synthesis would not be possible, and cells would not be able to produce the energy they need to function.
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a eukaryotic cell that receives a go-ahead signal at the g1 checkpoint of the cell cycle will
Answer: If mammalian cells receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, they will D. complete the cycle and divide. G1 checkpoint occurs between the G1 and S phase of the cell cycle. When the cell is grown sufficiently and produces all components of DNA replication it enters in the S phase.
If mammalian cells receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, they will complete the cell cycle and divide.
What is cell cycle?The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell that cause it to divide into two daughter cells.
Moreover, a cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division.
The cell cycle consists of a series of steps during which the chromosomes and other cell material double to make two copies. The cell then divides into two daughter cells, each receiving one copy of the doubled material.
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Use the
Color-Enhanced TEM Magnification: 15,000 x
6. The photomicrograph shows which kind of cell?
A. prokaryotic cell C. animal cell
B. eukaryotic cell D. plant cell
A. Prokaryotic Cell.
..............
Vaccines are given to provide protection against pathogen causing infections. Which of
the following statements best describes how vaccines work?
Group of answer choices
A. Antibodies in the vaccine provide the body with nonspecific immunity to an antigen.
B. Fever and swelling develop which is the first response in killing a pathogen.
C. An inactivated or killed virus stimulates the body to develop specific immunity to that type of virus.
D. Heathy bacteria causes the body to release toxins which will protect the body if later exposed to different type of bacteria.
Answer: Vaccines contain weakened or inactive parts of a particular organism (antigen) that triggers an immune response within the body. Newer vaccines contain the blueprint for producing antigens rather than the antigen itself. Regardless of whether the vaccine is made up of the antigen itself or the blueprint so that the body will produce the antigen, this weakened version will not cause the disease in the person receiving the vaccine, but it will prompt their immune system to respond much as it would have on its first reaction to the actual pathogen.
Mrs. W. is 68 years old and lives alone. She moves very slowly and does not respond verbally to what others say. She sometimes mumbles to herself. Her face is expressionless. She seems confused by her surroundings. She is accompanied by her daughter, who is highly observant and an accurate reporter of Mrs. W.’s past medical and psychosocial history. What possible Noncognitive Disorders could Mrs. W have?
The non-cognitive disturbances that Mrs. W. could have related to some dementia are psychosis, personality change, lack of rhythm, deficit in emotional responses, mental confusion.
It is important that the patient in these conditions is continuously assisted, to avoid situations that put her safety at risk.
An elderly woman like Mrs. W, who already has significant evolution of non-cognitive disorders, must have an effective medical apparatus and a tutor willing to help with care and daily activities.
Ideally, caregivers should develop optimal communication skills for patients with these disorders, such as a calm and gentle tone, provide the individual with a peaceful environment without too much noise or other disturbances, as well as being considerate and not neglecting the individual's needs.
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Explain how the rate of cooling magma affects the size of
the crystal that form.
Answer: When magma cools, crystals form because the solution is super-saturated with respect to some minerals. If the magma cools quickly, the crystals do not have much time to form, so they are very small. If the magma cools slowly, then the crystals have enough time to grow and become large.
What is a food chain.
in turkeys the allele for brown feather is dominant to the allele for a yellow feather. if two heterozygous turkeys mate and produce offspring, what is the probability of an individual offspring having yellow feather?
50%
0
25%
100%
Answer:
50%
Explanation:
trust me because the heterozygous is so weird but I know this.
In turkeys the allele for brown feather is dominant to the allele for a yellow feather. if two heterozygous turkeys mate and produce offspring, than the probability of an individual offspring having yellow feather is 50%. Thus, option A is correct.
What will be produced in turkeys a dominant gene?In turkeys a dominant gene, R, produces the familiar bronze color; its recessive allele, r, results in red. Another dominant gene, H, results in normal feathers; its recessive allele, h, produces feathers without webbing, so that they resemble tufts of hairs.
Two bronze turkeys with normal feathers were mated, and their offspring consisted of eight bronze with normal feathers, three bronze with hairy feathers, two red with normal feathers, and one red with hairy feathers.
Since, this offspring received a recessive red, r, allele from each parent and a recessive hairy, h, allele from each parent, both parents must heterozygous for both characters: RrHh.
Therefore, In turkeys the allele for brown feather is dominant to the allele for a yellow feather. if two heterozygous turkeys mate and produce offspring, than the probability of an individual offspring having yellow feather is 50%. Thus, option A is correct.
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The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance is its
Answer:
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It is the kinetic energy of a typical particle. in a substance. It is the kinetic energy of a typical particle.
sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving __________.
Answer:
Digestion
Explanation:
The parasympathetic division handles things that stimulate digestion.
The autoimmune disease that results from the body attacking tissues such as the heart or lungs is called
Answer:
RA
Explanation:
Indicate whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). ___ A ribosome is the complex within which protein synthesis occurs.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Four friends were walking on a nature trail in their local park. They began to question whether or not the trees need to breathe, or need food like humans do. Here are their thoughts
:Katie:I think that plants need to eat but don’t need to breathe.
Hugo:I think that plants need to eat and need to breathe.
Danielle:I think that plants need to breathe but don’t need to eat.
Liam:I don’t think plants need to eat or breathe.
Circle the person you most agree with. Explain why you agree with that person
Answer: I agree with Hugo that plants do need to breathe and eat because Plants do require oxygen to respire, the process in return gives out carbon dioxide and eat thorugh the process of phoyosynthesis
what protects the lining of the stomach from acidic gastric juices
Answer:
The Mucus that is around the inner lining
Explanation:
Why does DNA need to replicate before cells divide?
Answer:
Below:
Explanation:
Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell. ... Once the DNA in a cell is replicated, the cell can divide into two cells, each of which has an identical copy of the original DNA.
whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
Why do you think that you had to use a thin layer of onion skin, rather than a thick layer for the microscope?
Answer:
Because the thin layer will have more bacteria on it since its on the outside
Explanation:
What phase of mitosis is pictured below?
Answer:
Its a Anaphase
because the chromatids of each chromosomes have separated and are moving towards the poles
How can the rate of photosynthesis be measured using products or reactants.
Answer:
Theory of Measurements:
Leaf photosynthetic rate is measured by enclosing a leaf in a closed, transparent chamber and measuring the decrease in carbon dioxide concentration as a function of time.
Where does fermentation occur.
what are processes of the water cycle that return water to the atmosphere
Answer:
Evaporation and transpiration change liquid water into vapor, which ascends into the atmosphere due to rising air currents.
How to read a pedigree.
Answer:
Explanation:
One trick for identifying a recessive trait is that if a trait skips a generation in a pedigree, it is often an autosomal recessive trait (although a trait can be autosomal recessive and not skip generations). These traits appear with equal frequency in both sexes.
Which of the following nerves is responsible for your sense of smell?
Answer:
d. Olfactory nerve
Explanation: is correct
Answer:
D) Olfactory nerve
Explanation:
The olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve (CN I). It is a sensory nerve that functions for the sense of smell.
Hope this helps :)
Draw the basic structure of a nucleotide with its three parts.
Answer: This picture has the answer
Explanation:
The nucleotides which are found in the DNA molecule are made up of nucleoside moieties and phosphate molecule. These are of five types which include adenosine, guanosine, uracil, thymine, and cytosine.
What is a nucleotide?Nucleotides are the organic molecules which consist of a nucleoside and a phosphate moiety. The nucleotide molecules serve as the monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are the essential biomolecules within all life forms on the Earth.
A nucleotide is one of the main structural components, or the building blocks, of DNA and RNA molecules. A nucleotide consists of a base which has one of four nitrogenous base which could be purine and pyrimidine such as adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine plus a molecule of sugar and one molecule of phosphoric acid.
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What happens to the states of matter when the temperature changes
They may either release heat or gain heat. With a temperature increase, the kinetic energy increases and the state of matter will increase (example, ice to water aka solid to liquid)
If the temperature decreases, then the kinetic energy decreases and the state of matter will decrease (example, water vapor to water aka gas to liquid)
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- Heather
Which of the following can be used to assess the biological diversity of an area?.
Answer:
genetic variation within each species and number of species present
Explanation:
Which statements accurately describe the pharmacokinetic parameters of oral conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs)
The parameters are near complete absorption, high protein binding, and high distribution, extensive metabolization of tamsulosin, and exit of the substance through the urine, as shown in options 1,3,4, and 5.
We can arrive at this answer because:
Oral conjugated equine estrogens are medications taken orally when prescribed by a qualified practitioner.These medications are made with a mixture of several types of estrogens that resemble each other in some way.They are widely used to treat osteoporosis and other common problems in women.One of the main characteristics and advantages of this type of medicine is that its excesses are eliminated in the urine. In addition, they are easily absorbed by the body, are highly distributed, easily bind to proteins, and are easily metabolized.
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Methylation is an example of(1 point)
gene mapping
gene editing
epigenetics
DNA replication
Methylation is an example of epigenetics that is present in the third option, and this methylation helps in the expression of the gene or the repression of the gene product in the cell.
What is the importance of methylation in the cell?Methylation has many functions, such as in gene expression, where it can turn genes on or off by altering the way that DNA is packaged, such as by tightening or loosening the gene so that enzymes can access it; in DNA stability, methylation can help protect the genome from damage by stabilizing the DNA structure; and in epigenetic regulation, where it plays an important role.
Hence, methylation is an example of epigenetics that is present in the third option, and this methylation helps in the expression of the gene or the repression of the gene product in the cell.
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Answer:
C. Epigenetics
Explanation:
:)
What is the term for the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen?
anaerobic
cellular respiration
fermentation
photosynthesis
Answer:
Cellular respiration
Explanation:
Cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glucose using oxygen to produce energy, or ATP, that is used by the cell
________happens in the mitochondrial membrane and is where hydrogen ions are
pumped through to create ATP
O glycolysis
Okreb's cycle
O light reactions
electron transport chain
Explanation: Electron transport chain
How are hydrogen ions pumped across the membrane?
Image result for what is used to make the mitochondrial membrane and is where hydrogen ions are pumped through to create ATP
During electron transport, energy is used to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membrane, from the matrix into the intermembrane space. A chemiosmotic gradient causes hydrogen ions to flow back across the mitochondrial membrane into the matrix, through ATP synthase, producing ATP.
on the edge of extinction main idea
?
Answer:
Host Jeff Probst explained that the "Edge of Extinction" concept was the result of a goal to "try to get a little deeper psychologically, a little deeper spiritually," asking contestants, "is there a possibility of the spiritual death and rebirth that you seek in life,
Explanation:
2. What do you notice about the cellular respiration and
photosynthesis equations?
Answer:
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected through an important relationship. ... Notice that the equation for cellular respiration is the direct opposite of photosynthesis: Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O. Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O
Explanation: