Answer:
Lipids are hydrophobic because they do not mix with water. Lipids are made of long chains of carbon and hydrogen. ... The partial charges on the water molecule cannot interact with the neutral lipid molecule and thus water and lipids do not mix.
Answer:
"this hydrophobic ("water fearing") nature of lipids is driven by the bonds between these many carbons and hydrogens. ... Thus, long chains of carbon-hydrogens bonds form a nonpolar molecule."
____ asserts that intergroup hostility and prejudice are natural consequences of group competition.
Answer:
Realistic group conflict theory
Fears of radiation exposure from normal use of such detectors are largely unfounded. Identify reasons why 241Am smoke detectors are perfectly safe.
Choose all that apply.
A Ions get trapped by electrodes.
B The detector has a plastic cover.
C The detector is housed in an aluminum case.
D The amount of americium is very little.
E The penetrating power of α radiation is limited.
F The number of α particles leaving the case is low
The reasons why 241am smoke detectors are perfectly safe is because;
(i) The amount of americium is very little.
(ii) The aluminum core is where the detector is hosted.
(iii) The detector has a plastic cover.
(iv) Radiation is limited in penetrating power.
(v) There is a low number which is leaving the case.
(iv) Ions get trapped by electrodes.
What is 241 Am smoke detectors?
Because it detects a wide variety of fire situations, Americium 241 is utilized in smoke detectors. They are also less costly and simpler to install than photoelectric lights.
Americium emits an alpha - particle with a 0.9 micro-Curie value. In the detector's ionization chamber, these alpha particles hit with oxygen and nitrogen in the air to produce charged particles, or ions.
A low level voltage placed across the chamber collects these ions. A modest continuous electric current runs between two electrodes when the ions are collected.
If smoke reaches the detector, smoke particles will bind to the ions generated by the alpha particles and oxygen or nitrogen. As fewer ions arrive at their target, the electric current decreases, triggering the alarm.
Hence, the use of 241am smoke detector
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I NEED HELP!!! If bacterial cells which can do both anaerobic and aerobic respiration are put in separate containers of oxygen and no oxygen which container would have bacteria that made more ATP?
Answer: containers with oxygen
Explanation:
It is likely that the bacteria in the container with oxygen would produce more ATP through aerobic respiration than the bacteria in the container without oxygen, which would have to rely on anaerobic respiration to produce ATP. This is because aerobic respiration is generally more efficient at producing ATP than anaerobic respiration. However, it is important to note that the specific amount of ATP produced by the bacteria in each container would depend on a variety of factors, such as the type of bacteria and the availability of other nutrients.
can you right me a 5 page esa. about the tabernacle hill lava tubes in Utah
Answer:
The Tabernacle Hill lava tubes in Utah are a fascinating and unique geological feature that offers a glimpse into the Earth's past. Located in the western part of the state, these lava tubes are the result of volcanic activity that occurred millions of years ago.
The lava tubes at Tabernacle Hill are part of a larger network of volcanic features that make up the western part of Utah. The area is home to a variety of geological wonders, including towering mountains, deep canyons, and vast deserts. But the lava tubes at Tabernacle Hill are particularly interesting because of the way they were formed.
When a volcano erupts, it spews forth a river of molten rock, or lava, that flows down the sides of the volcano and onto the surrounding landscape. As the lava cools and hardens, it forms a thick crust on the surface. But in some cases, the lava continues to flow underneath the crust, creating a tube or tunnel.
The lava tubes at Tabernacle Hill were formed in this way. Over time, the lava that flowed underneath the surface cooled and solidified, creating a network of underground tunnels. The crust on the surface eventually eroded away, revealing the lava tubes that lay beneath.
Today, the lava tubes at Tabernacle Hill are a popular destination for hikers, geologists, and nature enthusiasts. The tubes are easily accessible, and visitors can explore them on foot or by following well-marked trails. Some of the tubes are large enough to walk through, while others are smaller and require crawling or climbing.
In addition to the lava tubes, the area around Tabernacle Hill is home to a variety of plants and animals. The rugged terrain and harsh climate have created a unique ecosystem that is home to many species of birds, mammals, and reptiles. Some of the most interesting animals that can be found in the area include bighorn sheep, pronghorn antelope, and desert tortoises.
The lava tubes at Tabernacle Hill are a fascinating geological feature that offers a glimpse into the Earth's past. They are a testament to the power of volcanic activity and the forces of nature that shape our planet. And for anyone who loves hiking, geology, or the great outdoors, a visit to the Tabernacle Hill lava tubes is a must.
Explanation:
spectra occur when objects stand in the path of the
objects you intend to view and remove certain wavelengths of
light you expect from your sample.
Yes, spectra occur when objects stand in the path of the objects you intend to view and remove certain wavelengths of light you expect from your sample
What is spectra?An illustration of the intensity of light being emitted over a variety of energies is known as a spectrum.
Since the lines depict the wavelengths that are emitted from atoms when electrons transition from one energy level to another, line spectra are also known as atomic spectra.A spectrum is a state that can fluctuate without gaps along a continuum and is not constrained to a single set of values. After passing through a prism, visible light takes on a rainbow of hues, which is how the term was initially used scientifically in optics.To know more about spectra visit
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the middletown park is located next to a school. the park is mostly grass with a few trees. some students noticed that sometimes there are a lot of grasshoppers in the park, and sometimes there are very few. they were interested in what could be limiting the grasshopper population. the students began a year-long study. they collected data on the populations of grass, grasshoppers, and purple martins (a type of bird).
according to the quantity of grasshopper eggs, grasshopper populations Predators such as birds and spiders can typically reduce grasshopper populations if the spring egg production is modest.
Predators like birds and spiders can typically keep grasshopper populations in check if egg quantities are low in the spring. However, when eggs are very plentiful in the spring, more grasshoppers hatch and predators are unable to manage the populations, which can indicate serious issues for rangeland ecosystems. The immature grasshoppers might actually compete for the rarer, highly nutritious food plants if there are a lot of grasshoppers around, starving to death before they can mature and harm the range. Insect eaters, purple martins consume a lot of them every day. All kinds of flying insects, such as beetles, winged ants, flies, dragonflies, grasshoppers, crickets, moths, wasps, bees, cicadas, termites, and mayflies, are preferred food items.
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PLEASE HELP BY TONIGHT: The ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is controlled in humans by a single dominant allele (T). A woman who is a nontaster married a man and they had three children, two boy tasters and a girl nontaster. All the grandparents were tasters. Create a pedigree of this family of this trait. Solid symbols should signify nontasters. Where possible, indicate whether the tasters are TT or Tt.
which of the following occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration? group of answer choices krebs cycle calvin cycle glycolysis electron transport chain
The procedure familiar in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration is Glycolysis and is oxygen independent.
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. In this process glucose breaks down to form pyruvate, a three carbon molecule.
Glycolysis is a routine step for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It takes place in the cytoplasm and is independant of the presence or absence of oxygen. Two molecules of pyruvic acid/ pyruvate is formed as the end product of glycolysis.
In aerobic conditions, pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle and undergoes oxidative phosphorylation leading to the net product of 32 ATP molecules. In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate converts to lactate through anaerobic glycolysis.
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Two bird species that originally ate the same insect species but that eventually evolve to eat different insect species to reduce competition are demonstrating ____.
Two bird species that originally ate the same insect species but that eventually evolve to eat different insect species to reduce competition are demonstrating Resource partitioning.
Resource partitioning is the process of dividing up resources within an ecosystem to prevent species from competing for scarce resources. It's an evolutionary change that makes it easier for different species to live together in an ecological community.
A food resource may be consumed in different ways by various species. The other insect might be eaten by one species. As a result, various species coexist and can meet their needs with the limited resources available. A few animal categories are dynamic during the daytime and some are more dynamic during the evening. Subsequently, resource partitioning helps in the concurrence of various species.
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which of the following structure contains reflex centers for movements of the eyes head and nech in response to visual and other stimuli and reflex center for movement of the head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli
When an enzyme is present in the R-conformation it usually binds which of the following with the greatest affinity? An allosteric activator O A competitive inhibitor O An allosteric inhibitor O The enzyme substrate
An allosteric activator is often best bound by an enzyme when it is in the R-conformation.
What is an enzyme's R state?It is in the relaxed state, also known as the R-state, which is a catalytically more active shape when the substrate or positive modulator is present. The enzyme is in a less active shape known as the taut state or T-state when the negative modulator is present.
What does place when an allosteric activator binds to an enzyme?In order to improve the enzyme's active site(s)' affinity for its substrate, allosteric activators attach to regions of an enzyme other than its active site (s). Allosteric inhibitors alter the enzyme's active site to make substrate binding more difficult.
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3. Which of the following screens out low energy wavelengths of the solar energy? a. water b. ozone c. carbon dioxide d. Carbon dioxide & water
Answer:
Explanation:
Ozone is able to screen out low energy wavelengths of solar energy, specifically ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Ozone absorbs UV radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth from the harmful effects of excessive UV exposure.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are both greenhouse gases that absorb and trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, but they do not screen out low energy wavelengths of solar energy. Instead, they absorb and re-emit longwave infrared radiation, which helps to regulate the temperature of the Earth.
In summary, the answer to the question is: b. ozone.
A variety of factors influence enzyme activity. Substances that bind to the enzyme and interfere with substrate binding or catalysis are inhibitors. Identify the type of inhibition associated with each of the following descriptions and examples by sorting each item into the appropriate bin. Irreversible inhibition Competitive inhibition Noncompetitive inhibition Note: If you answer this question incorrectly, a single red X will appear indicating that one or more of the phrases are sorted incorrectly binding by the inhibitor malonate, which resembles the A on binds to succinate, binds to the decreases V max acetylcholinesterase or to the succinate dehydrogenase acetylcholinesterase-substrate active site complex DIPF permanently modifies the inhibitor may permanently binding by the inhibitor ydroxyl group of a modify an enzyme does not affect Vima Ser residue at the active site
Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase, which binds reversibly to the active site of the enzyme. An active site Ser residue's hydroxyl group is irreversibly modified by the irreversible inhibitor DIPF. Al³⁺ binds non-competitively to the acetylcholinesterase active site and reduces Vmax.
The substances that bind to enzymes and reduce their activity are known as enzyme inhibitors and the process is known as enzyme inhibition.
Competitive inhibition is the mechanism by which an inhibitor binds to the enzyme's active site and blocks substrate binding. The maximal reaction velocity under competitive inhibition does not vary. Therefore, in competitive inhibitions, binding by the inhibitor has no effect on the Vmax. Malonate works as a competitive inhibitor of succinate by competing with it for binding to the active site on the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase.
An inhibitor's ability to attach to both the enzyme and the substrate equally is known as noncompetitive inhibition, which lowers the enzyme's activity. Therefore, binding by the inhibitor results in a decrease in Vmax in non-competitive inhibitions. Non-competitive inhibition of acetylcholinesterase occurs in Al³⁺. The Al³⁺ binds to the acetylcholinesterase active site and decreases the enzyme's activity.
When an inhibitor binds to an enzyme, no alternative enzyme-substrate complex can form, resulting in irreversible inhibition. Diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate is known as DIPF. This kind of inhibitor is irreversible. As a result, the hydroxyl group of the Ser residue in the active site can be irreversibly modified.
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which two processes must happen before cells can make large amounts of ATP for every glucose molecule split in two?
A. glycolysis
B. fermentation
C. the krebs cycle
D. the electron transport chain
The two processes that must happen before cells can make large amounts of ATP for every glucose molecule split in two are: (D) The electron transport chain; and (C) The Krebs cycle.
What is ETC and Kreb's cycle?The Electron Transport Chain (also known as the ETC) is a sequence of electron complexes that electrons must travel through in order to generate ATP via redox reactions. There are four protein complexes that electrons go through on their way. Additionally, there is a fifth complex that is present at the very end that serves the role of the ATPase.
The Krebs Cycle is a set of chemical processes that work to oxidise acetyl coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA) and create energy as a byproduct of this process. Within the matrix of the mitochondria, the procedure is carried out.
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e. coli bacteria are placed into a medium containing both glucose and lactose. which of the gene products (i.e., enzymes) listed below do you predict will be fully transcribed?
E) None of the possible solutions is accurate. E. coli organisms are added to a medium that contains both lactose and glucose.
Lactose can be broken down more slowly and with less energy than glucose. However, if lactose is the only sugar present, E. coli will immediately start using it as fuel. The lac operon genes, which encode vital enzymes for lactose absorption and processing, must be expressed for the bacteria to utilise lactose.
Since glucose is the preferred carbon source for E. coli cells, adding glucose to the medium will stop them from absorbing lactose. As a result, the lac-operon will be suppressed in these bacterial cells. B.
Lactose binds to the repressor and stops it from binding to the operator region if both glucose and lactose are present. As a result, the restriction on lac gene transcription is removed, and some mRNA is generated.
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Question :-
E. coli bacteria are placed into a medium containing both glucose and lactose. Which of the gene products (i.e., enzymes) listed below do you predict will be "turned on"?
A) -galactosidase
B) lacI
C) lacP
D) permease
E) None of the answer options are correct.
two cell, four cell, eight cell and morula stages of early embryonic development represent ____
Two cell, four cell, eight cell and morula stages of early embryonic development represent cleavage phase where cells increase in number but are smaller than the zygote.
Embryo development refers to the different stages in the development of an embryo. Embryonic development of plants and animals vary. Even in animals, every species undergoes different stages during embryonic development 2010. Embryonic development involves intricate coordination of molecular, cellular, and tissue-level processes that must occur according to strict schedules of time and location.
While the gestation periods of mammals vary greatly (from 2 weeks in some rodents to nearly 2 years in elephants), the sequence of developmental events and their molecular underpinnings is similar from species to species. This biological correspondence provides the rationale for extrapolating the results obtained in animal studies to humans. Despite this biological consistency within embryos, there are differences among species with regard to various aspects of pregnancy. It is these differences that are explored in risk assessment.
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if the court allows someone with a first operating under the influence ( oui ) conviction to complete an alcohol education course . what happens to the license suspension ?
Answer: Apple
Explanation: if u eat apple pie WITHOUT ICE CREAM u are banned from eating sweets the apple pie HAS to be warm thank me later MERRY CHRISTMASS
Which activity performed by a medical professional is primarily based on an understanding of physics?
A.
determining whether the level of hemoglobin in blood is sufficient
B.
using a blood pressure monitor to find a patient's blood pressure
C.
analyzing a patient's blood test report to determine treatment
D.
determining which tests a patient needs
E.
checking the color of a patient's eyes for suspected jaundice
Reset Next
A medical expert uses a blood pressure monitor to check a patient's blood pressure, which is a task that significantly depends on their understanding of physics.
Option B is correct
Blood is used by the body for several essential functions,
such as the following:
delivering oxygen to tissues (bound to hemoglobin, which is carried in red cells)
nutrients including glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids are readily available (in the blood or bound to plasma proteins, like blood lipids)
the elimination of waste products such urea, lactic acid, and carbon dioxide
Two examples of immunological processes are the movement of white blood cells and the identification of foreign substances using antibodies.
Blood is transformed from a liquid to a semisolid gel during coagulation, a mechanism used to halt bleeding after a blood vessel ruptures.
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What does a community contain that a population does not?
OA. Abiotic factors
OB. Multiple organisms
OC. Biotic factors
OD. Multiple species
TRUNS
MATER
UNMING
TREENUE
(2000)
Answer: all various sorts of organisms, including microbes, fungi, animals, and plants.
Explanation:
radish flowers may be red, purple, or white. a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant yields all-purple offspring. the part of the radish we eat may be oval or long, with long being the dominant trait. if true-breeding red long radishes are crossed with true-breeding white oval radishes, the f1 will be expected to exhibit which of the following phenotypes?
Complete and incomplete dominance are inheritance patterns and differ in how alleles interact in a heterozygous state and how many phenotypes the gene expresses. Genotype: RrLl. Phenotype: purple and long.
What are complete and incomplete dominace?
Complete dominance occurs when the dominant allele hides the expression of the recessive allele in heterozygous individuals. The gene expresses only two phenotypes.
Incomplete dominance occurs when neither of the alleles covers the expression of the other in heterozygous individuals, and the result is an intermediate phenotype. This gene expresses three phenotypes.
In the exposed example,
flower color ⇒ incomplete dominance ⇒ red, purple, or white.eating part ⇒ complete dominance ⇒ oval or longCross: true-breeding red long radishes are crossed with true-breeding white oval radishes
Parentals) RRLL x rrll
F1) 100% RrLl, expressing purple flowers (Rr) and long eating part (Ll)
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1. Which of the following conditions does not lead to a change in gene expression patterns in bacteria cells? A. Sporulation B.Heat shock C.Nutrient availability D.Nitrogen deprivation E.None of the choices are correct
Sporulation conditions do not lead to a change in gene expression patterns in bacteria cells.
Sporulation is a strategy used by a wide range of organisms to respond to shifts in their personal environmental subcultures and sustain in time and/or space until conditions suitable for vegetative growth are met. Sporulation is primarily triggered by nutrient deficiency; however, this process necessitates the expenditure of energy. Sporulation creates a multilayered framework that can be sustained for an extended period of time.
Gene expression refers to the procedure by which a gene's information is utilized in the formation of a fully functioning gene product, allowing it to generate end products such as protein or non-coding RNA and, as a result, affect a phenotype. The method by which a gene in a cell is activated to produce RNA and proteins.
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Evidence indicates that plants increase the number of stomata in their leaves as atmospheric CO2 levels decline. Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area should have the effect of doing which of the following?
1. increasing dehydration of leaf tissues 2. decreasing dehydration of leaf tissues 3. countering the effect of declining CO2 on photosynthesis 4. reinforcing the effect of declining CO2 on photosynthesis 5. decreasing the O2 content of air next to the leaves lower than it would otherwise be 6. increasing the O2 content of air next to the leaves higher than it would otherwise be
The increase in the number of stomata per unit surface area may lead to increased dehydration of leaf tissues, Countering the effect of declining Carbon dioxide on photosynthesis and increasing the Oxygen content of air next to the leaves higher than it would otherwise be.
Leaf stomata are where the exchange of gases takes place in the gas. The CO2 required for photosynthesis enters through stomata, and the byproduct O2 is released through stomata. The temperature regulation of the leaf is done by transpiration. Water evaporation takes place and the overall temperature of the leaf is reduced which helps in protecting cytochromes, pigments, and membranes.
The number of stomata per unit area, the size of the stomata, and the speed of opening and closing of stomata determine the gas exchange through the leaf. So as there is an increase in stomata per unit area, the Carbon dioxide intake is increase, the transpiration rate increases, and more oxygen gets released to the surroundings.
So as the number of stomata per unit surface area increases, the gas exchange and transpiration rates increase.
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___data includes descriptions observations and explanations
Answer:
Scientific data includes descriptions, observations, and explanations.
Explanation:
Descriptions in scientific data refer to the characteristics or properties of the objects or phenomena being studied. They may include measurements, such as size, shape, or mass, or other characteristics, such as color, texture, or behavior.
Observations in scientific data are the results of collecting and analyzing data using scientific methods. They may include measurements, counts, or other data that has been collected through experiments, observations, or other methods.
Explanations in scientific data are the interpretations or explanations of the observations and data that have been collected. They may involve proposing hypotheses or theories to explain the data, or making predictions about future observations or experiments.
Overall, scientific data includes a variety of different types of information, including descriptions, observations, and explanations, that are used to understand and explain the natural world.
Descriptions in scientific data refer to the characteristics or properties of the objects or phenomena being studied.
What is Scientific description?They may include measurements, such as size, shape, or mass, or other characteristics, such as color, texture, or behavior.
Observations in scientific data are the results of collecting and analyzing data using scientific methods. They may include measurements, counts, or other data that has been collected through experiments, observations, or other methods.
Explanations in scientific data are the interpretations or explanations of the observations and data that have been collected. They may involve proposing hypotheses or theories to explain the data, or making predictions about future observations or experiments.
Therefore, Descriptions in scientific data refer to the characteristics or properties of the objects or phenomena being studied.
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How would transcription be affected if a gene that needed to be expressed was missing its promotor?
Answer:
it can't be used to make a protein in that cell.
Explanation:
If a gene is not transcribed in a cell, it can't be used to make a protein in that cell. If a gene does get transcribed, it is likely going to be used to make a protein (expressed). In general, the more a gene is transcribed, the more protein that will be made.
The transcription is affected as when the gene has not been transcribed the protein will not make. When a gene is transcribed, protein synthesis can happen.
What is gene transcription?Gene expression begins with transcription. To create an RNA molecule, the DNA sequence of a gene must be copied. RNA polymerases, which join nucleotides to create an RNA strand, carry out transcription (using a DNA strand as a template).
A gene cannot be used to produce a protein in a cell if it is not transcribed there. If a gene gets transcribed, it will probably be used to produce a protein (expressed). In general, more protein will be produced the more a gene is transcribed.
Therefore, the transcription is impacted since the protein cannot be produced if the gene is not transcribed. Protein synthesis can take place when a gene is transcribed.
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Red flowers (R) are dominant to white flowers (r). Parent 1 has white flowers. Parent 2 is heterozygous.
Answer: Rr X rr
Rr Rr rr rr
Explanation:
which of the following describes a mutation that would lead to an increase in the frequency of nondisjunction?
Option C. A mutation affecting checkpoint 3 proteins that prevent attachment of spindle fibers damage. describes a mutation that would lead to an increase in the frequency of nondisjunction.
The detachment of the homologous chromosomes relies upon the get-together of the chromosomes at the metaphase plate in the tropical district, when each chromosome is connected with its comparing axle fiber. Spindle assembled checkpoint (SAC) is the assembly of specific proteins that check to see if the spindle fibers are properly attached to the chromosome or not. proteins that are connected to checkpoint 3.
these proteins investigate whether the arrangement of the shafts with every chromosome is correct, and afterward flag the metaphase to anaphase progress. This causes the development of the chromosome towards the post.
Any change to SAC causes expulsion of this designated spot, and chance emerges that shaft fiber can not append the chromosomes appropriately and there is the unusual development of the chromosome causing non-disjunction.
Any mutation in the checkpoint 2 protein enables the production of defective DNA, which can then proceed to the subsequent phase of the cell cycle. The second type of defective DNA results in point mutations at the nucleotide level and is not associated with non-disjunction because it does not deal with the chromosome arrangement within the cell.
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(complete question)
image attached
Explain how growers might intervene in the plant's life cycle to solve these problems??
There are many pesticides on the market that have been created to control plant diseases by either stopping the pathogens' growth or by killing them.
What are pathogens?Pathogens are defined as an organism that infects its host, whose virulence is determined by how severe the disease symptoms are. Pathogens include viruses, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes, as well as other taxonomically diverse organisms.
Cultural methods include sanitation, removing infected plants or plant parts, rotating crops, removing weeds or other plants that can be secondary hosts for the disease, and discouraging or preventing insect vectors are all part of reducing the amount of infection.
Thus, there are many pesticides on the market that have been created to control plant diseases by either stopping the pathogens' growth or by killing them.
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What are the 2 steps of the mitotic phase?
Summarize how often cells divide:
Explore: Cell Division (p.5)
What does the cell do when not in the mitotic phase?
Explore: Cell Division (p.7)
__________ in animal cells involves the pinching of the cell's __________ until the two newly formed cells separate.
Explore: Cell Division (p.8)
Cytokinesis in __________ cells involves the building of a new cell __________ and cell membranes between the two newly formed nuclei.
Fleming divided mitosis into two broad parts: a progressive phase, during which the chromosomes condensed and aligned at the center of the spindle, and a regressive phase, during which the sister chromatids separated.
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the law of states that genes have alternative forms, or alleles. in a organism, the two alleles of a gene separate during and gamete formation; each sperm or egg carries only one allele of each pair. this law explains the ratio of the f2 phenotypes observed when self-pollinate. each organism inherits one allele for each gene from each parent. in individuals, the two alleles are different, and expression of the allele masks the phenotypic effect of the allele. in individuals, the two alleles are identical.target 1 of 12 target 2 of 12 target 3 of 12target 4 of 12target 5 of 12target 6 of 12target 7 of 12target 8 of 12target 9 of 12 the law of states that the pair of alleles for a given gene segregates into gametes independently of the pair of alleles for any other gene. this law explains the ratio of the f2 phenotypes in a cross between .
The law of Segregation states that genes have alternative forms, or alleles. In an organism, the two alleles of a gene separate during and gamete formation; each sperm or egg carries only one allele of each pair. this law explains the ratio of the f2 phenotypes observed monohybrids self-pollinate.
Each organism inherits one allele for each gene from each parent. In heterozygotes, the two alleles are different: expression of the dominant allele masks the phenotypic effect of the recessive allele. Homozygotes have identical alleles of a given gene and are true-breeding.
The law of independent assortment states that the pair of alleles for a given gene segregates into gametes independently of the pair of alleles for any other gene. In a cross between dihybrids (individuals heterozygous for two genes), the offspring have four phenotypes in a 9:3:3:1 ratio.
What are phenotypes?The phenotype is described as the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism which covers the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological properties, its behavior, and the products of behavior.
In conclusion, Gregor Mendel formulated a theory of inheritance based on experiments with garden peas. During the experiment, he proposed that parents pass on to their offspring discrete genes that retain their identity through generations. This theory includes two “laws that was described above.
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which of the following statements provides the most reasonable prediction to account for the deviation from the expected results?
In sweet pea plants, the gene for flower color and the gene for pollen grain shape are genetically linked.
What is gene?Qualities are the essential physical and useful units of heredity. Qualities are made of DNA. A few qualities go about as directions for making particles called proteins. Be that as it may, numerous qualities don't code for proteins. In people, qualities differ in size from a couple hundred DNA bases to north of 2,000,000 bases. A worldwide examination project called the Human Genome Undertaking attempted to arrangement the human genome and recognize the qualities it contains.
Everybody has two duplicates of every quality, each parent acquired individually from Most qualities are a similar in everybody, except a couple of qualities (under 1% of her generally speaking) are marginally not the same as one individual to another. Alleles are types of similar quality with slight contrasts in the arrangement of DNA bases. These little distinctions add to every individual's interesting actual qualities.
In sweet pea plants, the quality for blossom tone and the quality for dust grain shape are hereditarily connected.
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