Ringer's solution has a salt concentration exactly equal to body and cellular fluids in order to provide isotonicity to the living cells.
What is Ringer's solution ?Ringer's solution is a mixture of several salts dissolved in water to produce an isotonic solution similar to an animal's bodily fluids. Typically, Ringer's solution includes sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium chloride, with the last two being used to balance the pH.
For bacteria, ringer solution keeps the osmotic equilibrium in check. It is used to prepare samples and other biological stuff for suspension in dilution techniques for counting. Additionally, it is utilized in the rinse arnd swab method of microbiological management of equipment.
Hence, Ringer's solution is the most preferred solution to provide isotonicity.
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Answer:
Explanation:
uuh
solve for A
P=a-b-1
this is for math I didn't mean to click science
When you solve the equation for A, you are making A the subject of the equation. It becomes A = B + 1 + P.
Change of subject of equationsChanging the subject of an equation for a specific component requires the component is made the subject.
In the equation: P = A - B - 1
In order to make A the subject, it has to be carried across the other side of the equation. When this is done, we will have:
P - A = -B - 1
Next would be to move P to the other side of the equation. When you move P to the other side, we have:
- A = -B - 1 - P
Divide both sides by negative in order to cancel out the - sign on A. What we will have left is:
A = B + 1 + P
Thus, when A is made the subject of the equation, it becomes A = B + 1 + P.
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If in an equation, P=A-B-1, solve for A.
in a hardy-weinberg population with two alleles a1 and a2 that are in equilibrium, the frequency of the allele a2 is 0.3. what is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for this allele?
There are 32 people that are homozygous for this allele in the population.
The Hardy-Weinberg equation states that p + q = 1 thus the sum of allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1. Additionally, the Hardy-Weinberg equation is written as follows: p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, where p is the population's frequency of the "A" allele and q is the population's frequency of the "a" allele.
The frequency of the homozygous genotype AA is represented by p2, the homozygous genotype AA is represented by q2, and the heterozygous genotype Aa is represented by 2pq in the equation.
Here, q = 0.2. In light of this, p = "1- q = 1 - 0.2 = 0.8.
As previously stated, the population of heterozygous individuals will now be 2pq, or 2 * 0.8 * 0.2 = 0.32.
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There are multiple lines of evidence that provide support for common ancestry and evolution. Write 3-4 paragraphs describing at least three of them in detail. Provide at least one example for each line of evidence.
The examples of lines of evidence that provide support for common ancestry and evolution are:
fossil recordsuniversal genetic codons homology among organisms.The fossil records are the traces or remains of the ancient organisms. They provide a lot of information about the changes and evolutions among the fossils and the current organisms. Genetic codons are universal among all the living organisms even though they are morphologically and functionally very different from each other.
Homology is the occurrence of similar body structures among two distinct organisms. This demonstrates how the organisms had common ancestors and then involved into two different species.
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Answer:
There are multiple lines of evidence that provide support for common ancestry and evolution; this would be homologous features of anatomy and embryology and fossil records.
In comparative anatomy, there are many similarities between species because all life is related. Homology is similarities seen because of the ancestry of features or genes in an organism. Similarities can show descent from common ancestors and similarities can be seen in body structures, development, and DNA. Homologous structures are similar traits found in two different species that are the result of having a common ancestor. These structures are similar but may have different functions. An example of this might be the homologous structures in the limbs of humans, cats, whales, and birds. And then there are analogous structures, which similarly is that the structure of different species are similar because the trait is advantageous, not because they are related. An example of this is sharks and dolphins having similar fins. Along with anatomy is Embryology. Different species can have similar embryos because they come from a common ancestor. They may start with the same developmental plan but change drastically as they grow up. An example of this is seen in the early stages of development between fish and chicken embryos.
Next up, the fossil record provides evidence that supports common ancestry and evolution. The fossil record provides us with visual evidence for evolution. The fossil record directly allows us to pinpoint if there are any similar structures amongst organisms and see if there are any vestigial structures from ancestors that remain in organisms that still roam today. The fossil record depicts evolutionary change over the past four billion years, which can be seen through transitional forms, increasing complexity of life, and geographical distribution. Transitional forms are fossils that show intermediate states between an ancestral species and its evolutionary descendants. Increasing complexity is seen as life on earth becomes more complex. That and geographic distribution which has been studied closely and found that the continents have moved over time and that the fossil record reflects this movement. Fossils of different animals can be found on different continents around the world due to continental drift.
Explanation:
Question 1 of 20:
Select the best answer for the question.
1. Unlike the IQ, your emotional intelligence (EQ)___
A. can be discovered through your academic grades.
B. may be improved over time by becoming more mindful.
C. can only be developed during childhood.
D. is a set value that never changes.
PLEASE HELP!!!!
Unlike the IQ, your emotional intelligence (EQ): (B) may be improved over time by becoming more mindful.
IQ is the Intelligence Quotient of a person. The IQ of a person is analyzed by performing certain standard tests. In terms of psychologists, IQ is the measure of fluid and crystallized intelligence. A person with high IQ has more reasoning and problem-solving abilities.
Mindfulness is the ability of a person to completely focus on the current task. It is the state of being fully aware about the the surroundings and with one self. This ability can be achieved and enhanced using meditation.
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Question:
7.) How might coating the lungs in oil or water vapor change the rate of cellular
respiration?
Answer:
Cellular respiration
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is the process in which the cells of all living things break down glucose with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
Which is NOT a function of the bacteria
of the microbiome in the body?
A. Regulate immune system
B. Allow growth of disease-causing bacteria
C. Help digest food
D. Produce vitamins
suppose that a new river cuts through a land mass, separating populations of mice on either side. these mice then evolve into new species on the two sides of the land mass. this is an example of evolution by
Geographical isolation (vicariance) is the main reason for the evolution of either side mouse into new species.
What is geographical isolation?
Two populations of the same species are geographically separated by a barrier, they will eventually become genetically distinct from one another. Even when they are exposed to the same kinds of environmental selection forces and are living in the same region, two populations of the same species can yet become genetically distinct from one another.
A new river cuts through a land mass, separating populations of mice on either side. these mice then evolve into new species on the two sides of the land mass, the separation of a group of organisms by a geographic barrier, resulting in the differentiation of the original group into new varieties or species.
Hence, vicariance is a kind of evolution caused by geographical isolation.
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Which type of scientific thinking is the scientist using to make this inference?
Answer:
D or C
Explanation:
....... ........ ......... ...... ...
What affect does alcohol concentration have on cell membrane permeability?
Answer:
At high concentrations, alcohols reduce bilayer stability (12, 21) and break down the lipid bilayer barrier properties, causing increased ion permeability (14, 15).
Explanation:
As the ethanol concentration increases, membrane permeability will increase. If the ethanol concentration is high enough, enough phospholipids will dissolve to cause the plasma membrane to disintegrate completely which will kill the cell.
Explanation:
At high concentrations, alcohols reduce bilayer stability (12, 21) and break down the lipid bilayer barrier properties, causing increased ion permeability.
I need 7,8, and 9 please
Answer:
7. D
that's all I can help you with
Define Evolutinary Adaptation. How are symbiotic relationships a form of evolutionary adaptations?
Evolutionary Adaptation refers to the changes in phenotypic features associated with fitting an environment. Symbiotic relationships represent a form of evolutionary adaptation because these associations may shape the evolution of species.
What does Evolutionary Adaptation mean?Evolutionary Adaptation is the process by which species change to fit an environment, which is associated with differential reproduction and survival across time, i.e., natural selection. Symbiotic relationships are related to this process because it increases the fitness of species.
Therefore, we can conclude that Evolutionary Adaptation is a process in which species change over time to fit an environment, which may be due to Symbiotic relationships.
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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is considered to be the energy currency of life. It is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do. ATP can power needed reactions by losing one of its phosphorous groups to form ADP, but you can use food energy in the mitochondria to convert the ADP back to ATP so that the energy is again available to do needed work. Complete the activity to order the general steps of the ATP-ADP cycle in aerobic cellular respiration.
Place these in order:
Krebs Cycle (Citric acid Cycle)
Glycolysis
ATP Hydrolysis
Transition Reaction
Electron Transport Chain
Answer:
●glycolysis
●the Krebs cycle
● electron transport chain.
The transition reaction does not take place in the stages of aerobic cellular respiration.
How do cells become specialized?
Genetically identical cells undergo differentiation to alter gene expression.
Genetically identical cells undergo differentiation to alter gene expression.
Mitosis creates genetically unique cells that can do different tasks.
Mitosis creates specialized cells for different purposes.
Genetically identical cells undergo differentiation to make them genetically unique.
Cells become specialized when Genetically identical cells undergo differentiation to alter gene expression.
When cell differentiated into specialized form it is needed to manipulate only those genes that will be expressed .During the development of an organism, cells differentiate into many types of cell. A differentiated cell has become different from the embryonic cell that produced it, & specialized to perform certain tasks some examples includes photosynthesis , relaxation and contraction .
Cell specialization occurs mainly through gene expression . Gene expression is defined as specific combination of gene that are turned off and on for cell to function .
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due to their chemistries, are hormone whose receptor will be inside the cell, while hormones will have their receptor on the cell membrane.
Steroid hormone are hormone whose receptor will be inside the cell and Protein hormones have their receptor on the cell membrane
Contrary to steroid hormones, which are lipid in composition and can easily enter the cell, proteinaceous signaling molecules must have their receptors anchored in the plasma membrane since proteins cannot cross the membrane. The receptor for protein hormones is membrane-associated and embedded in the plasma membrane of the cell's surface. When a hormone interacts with a receptor, a series of secondary effects are frequently triggered in the cell's cytoplasm.
These effects can include the phosphorylation or dephosphorylation of numerous other cytoplasmic proteins, modifications to ion channel permeability, or elevated levels of intracellular molecules that may serve as secondary messengers. Target cells include steroid hormone receptors on their plasma membrane as well as in their cytoplasm and nucleus. They are typically nuclear or cytoplasmic intracellular receptors that start signal transduction for steroid hormones and cause changes in gene expression over the course of hours to days.
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how matter change during cellular respiratory
The cell takes energy from oxygen and glucose creating water and carbon dioxide
if a cell were treated with a drug that prevented the nuclear envelope from reforming, which stage of the mitotic cell cycle would the cell be stuck in?
Telophase stage of the mitotic cell cycle would the cell be stuck in
What is Telophase ?
The fifth and final stage of mitosis, known as telophase, is when a parent cell's replicated genetic material is split into two identical daughter cells. Once the duplicated, paired chromosomes have been split apart and brought to the cell's poles, or opposite sides, telophase has begun. To isolate the nuclear DNA from the cytoplasm, a nuclear membrane develops around each set of chromosomes during telophase. The chromosomes start to uncoil, becoming less compact and dispersed. The cell goes through a process known as cytokinesis, which separates the cytoplasm of the parental cell into two daughter cells, along with telophase.
Telophase stage of the mitotic cell cycle would the cell be stuck in
In Telophase nuclear envelope reform and then cytokinesis occur
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what prevents coral reefs from surviving below the euphotic zone? group of answer choices high water density high pressure inadequate sunlight saline water damage from storms
Inadequate sunlight prevents coral reefs from surviving below the euphotic zone.
The majority of coral reefs are found nearby in shallow water. Due of this, they are particularly susceptible to the negative consequences of human activity, both directly via the exploitation of reef resources and indirectly through the effects of nearby human activities on land and in the coastal zone. The social, cultural, and economic fabric of local coastal communities is intricately intertwined with many of the human activities that harm coral reefs.
Numerous local risks to coral reefs exist, such as:
Physical harm or devastation caused by recreational overuse, coastal development, dredging, quarrying, harmful fishing methods and equipment, boat anchors and groundings, etc (touching or removing corals).
Land-based pollution that makes its way into coastal waterways There are several pollution kinds and sources from land-based activities.
1.sedimentation
2. Nutrients
3. pathogen
4. Toxic substances
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Explain the relationship between coral and algae, and how a problem with algae photosynthesis caused coral bleaching in the Great Barrier Reef. This has something to do with durion
The sharp increase in water temperature due to global warming drives zooxanthellae death. Corals lose their symbiotic algae and suffer bleaching due to the lack of photosynthetic organisms that provide them with color.
What is the algae-coral relationship?Corals are naturally translucid or white organisms. However, they look brightly colored because they host symbionts with colorful photosynthetic pigments.
Corals can host different organisms that live on and among them, giving place to amazing ecosystems.
The photosynthetic unicellular microalgae zooxanthellae are symbionts to the coral.
Corals provide shelter and protection to the algae, and nutrients like carbon, phosphorous, and nitrogen.Algae provide photosynthetic products like oxygen and sugars, and also give color to the corals.This symbiotic relationship allows corals to grow in different environments that are poor in nitrogen or other nutrients, such as tropical clear waters.
When changes in radiation, temperature, or salinity in water occur, corals react to these changes losing these algae and becoming translucid again.
Global warming increases water temperature significantly, which makes the bond between algae and coral break because of algae death. The lack of algae means an increase in coral bleaching since there are no photosynthetic organisms that provide them with color. Besides, the absence of algae means no availability of photosynthetic products.
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HELP……ASAP…….HURRY…..
Dan received the coordinates from him before he put the micro back in his pocket. Equatorial coordinates are those that use this system. The other two coordinates, which specify a body's direction, allow for direct measurement based on techniques used in the design and operation of astronomical instruments.
Explain about the coordinates Shanghai China?
Shanghai's name in Mandarin Chinese is Shànghai, which is represented by the Chinese character. Because Shanghai used to be close to the East China Sea, the name means "On-the-Sea." Today, Pudong is significantly larger thanks to soil from the Yangtze River, and central Shanghai is only about 40 kilometers (25 miles) from the ocean.
The city is situated on the East China Sea coast between the bay of Hangzhou to the south and the Yangtze River mouth (Chang Jiang) to the north. The municipality's territory encompasses the city proper, the nearby suburbs, and a rural hinterland.
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Question 8
1 pts
A(n)_________ occurs when Earth is closest to the Sun, while a(n)_______ occurs when Earth is
farthest from the Sun.
periapsis; apoapsis
aphelion; perihelion
O apoapsis: pariapsis
Operihelion: aphelion
In this food web, which term best describes the pinfish? *
O Primary Consumer
O Producer
O Secondary Consumer
O Tertiary Consumer
Answer:
can you show us the food web it won't work without it
"There are five different types of nucleotide bases found in living things. Which is an accurate comparison of the bases found in birds and the bases found in flowers?"
A Birds and flowers have different arrangements of the bases.
B Birds have fewer bases in their cells than flowers do.
C Birds and flowers have different types of bases.
D Birds and flowers have the same arrangement of the bases.
Birds and flowers differ genetically and are, therefore, different in the arrangements of their nucleotide bases. Option A.
DNA sequence of organismsAll living organisms have DNA as their molecule of hereditary. The DNA of all living organisms is similar in terms of components.
Every DNA contains:
nucleotide bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.deoxyribose sugarphosphate groupWhat makes each living organism unique is the arrangement of the nucleotide bases. The nucleotide bases form complementary pairs in the DNA double helix structure.
In other words, two organisms of different species may have the same composition in terms of their DNA, what makes them unique is the arrangement of the nucleotide bases in their DNAs.
Hence, birds and flowers have different arrangments of their DNA bases because they are different in terms of species.
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6) what types of structures and what principles are similar in photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Answer:
The similarities between photosynthesis and cellular respiration include both processes synthesize and use ATP, the energy currency
Photosynthesis takes carbon dioxide and combines it with water, enabled by radiant energy, usually from the sun. The end result is glucose, with oxygen being the waste product. The two processes are similar in that they both produce energy, albeit in two different forms.
Explanation:
have good day
How does locoweed keep from poisoning itself?
Granite soils in foothills and plains that are decomposing. Even when dried, locoweed is deadly at all times.
How can locoweed prevent self-poisoning?
The enzyme alpha-mannosidase, which is necessary for normal sugar metabolism in cells, is inhibited by the indolizide alkaloid swinsonine, which is present in all parts of the plant.
How can I remove locoweed?
The most effective method of reducing locoweed is foliar sprays, which penetrate through the leaves to the roots. The most typical method of treating locoweed is a mixture of picloram and 2,4D. A kind of weevil has just been shown to be able to consume the roots of plants and eradicate weeds.
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if a eukaryotic cell has a diameter that is 10 times that of a bacterial cell, proportiannly how much more surface area woulf the eukaryoticv cel have
Answer:
100 times
Explanation:
[tex]10^{2} = 100[/tex]
The annual fluctuation in carbon dioxide concentration can best be explained by the.
Answer:
Leaf area development, photosynthetic rate, and source-sink ratio responses are considered to be the three main determinants of photosynthetic activity.
Different growth habits on leaf number and blade size are identified as a result of leaf area development in response to stress.
Thus, Option D is correct.
Photosynthesis: 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂
Respiration: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATP
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are complement reactions to each other. These are reverse reactions. In cellular respiration glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂) yield carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) and energy is released in the form of ATP. In the opposite reaction - in photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) yield glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂).
Explanation:
Why is photosynthesis affected by temperature?
The rate of photosynthesis is influenced by temperature. As the temperature rises, photosynthesis proceeds more quickly. This is so because photosynthesis is a chemical reaction, and warmth usually speeds up chemical reactions.
As winter draws near, leaves begin to lose their chlorophyll, and the tree saves its contents for recycling, namely nitrogen, magnesium, and phosphates. The nutrients are transferred from the leaves back into the branches and are then deposited in the bark of those branches.
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a population of birds, with various size beaks, eats seeds. small seeds can be eaten by birds with small beaks. larger, thicker seeds can only be eaten by birds with larger, thicker beaks. suppose there is a shortage of small seeds but that there are still many large seeds. (use for 4, 5, 6
The birds in the population that will have the highest fitness will be the ones having larger, thicker beaks.
The theory of natural selection states that organisms that have better adaptations to survive in an environment are able to survive and pass on their characteristics to their offspring.
In the case above, the larger, thicker-beaked birds have a higher level of fitness when the conditions in the place change and there are only large seeds remaining. As a result, the larger, thicker-beaked birds will be able to survive and pass on their characteristics to the offspring.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
A population of birds, with various size beaks, eats seeds. small seeds can be eaten by birds with small beaks. larger, thicker seeds can only be eaten by birds with larger, thicker beaks. suppose there is a shortage of small seeds but that there are still many large seeds. Which birds in this population have the highest fitness?
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many cells make and use an enzyme, called catalase, to facilitate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2). the products of the decomposition are hydrogen (h2) and oxygen (o2).
The products of the decomposition are hydrogen [tex]H2[/tex] and oxygen [tex]O2[/tex] is [tex]H2O2[/tex]. Many cells make and use an enzyme, called catalyze to facilitate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
What are enzymes?Enzymes are the biological catalyst that speed up the chemical reaction that carries out in the body. Enzymes has been protein by nature and there has number of the enzymes present in our body such as salivary amylase, pepsin, renin, lyases, lygases etc.
The main function of the enzyme has to make the metabolism fast as well as speed up the chemical reaction carried out in the body.
Therefore, The products of the decomposition are hydrogen [tex]H2[/tex] and oxygen [tex]O2[/tex] is [tex]H2O2[/tex]. Many cells make and use an enzyme, called catalyze to facilitate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
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Describe the structure of large vacuole. And describe the function
During ___, the first phase of cell division, chromosomes condense as the nuclear membrane starts to disappear.
The chromosomes condense as the nuclear membrane begins to disappear during prophase, the first phase of cell division.
What stage does chromosomal condensation begin?The process of cell division is classified into 4 stages, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.The cell starts to prepare itself to separate the chromatids and divide during prophase, the initial stage of mitosis. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus disintegrate during prophase, and the chromosomes condense. At the cell's opposing poles, the centrioles and spindle fibers start to develop.The parent cell's chromosomes, which were duplicated during S phase, condense and get much smaller than they did during interphase during prophase.The prophase is the beginning of the cell division process, which is characterized by the condensation of chromosomes and the disappearance of the nuclear membrane.To know more about prophase refer:
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