Answer:
The consideration clause.
Explanation:
The consideration clause is a clause which states that the policy owner must pay something of value for the insurer's promise to pay benefits. This clause is very important and essential for the insured and the insurer who are both benefiting from the contract agreement.
A customer asks a technician for a device that has the capability to easily connect a laptop to an external monitor, keyboard, mouse, and charge the battery.Which of the following devices should the technician recommend to the customer?A. LightningB. KVM switchC. USB 3.0D. Docking station
Answer:
D. Docking station
Explanation:
Docking station is the device that has the capability to easily connect a laptop to an external monitor, keyboard, mouse, and charge the battery. It is a device that provides same functionality as port replicator but has extra slots for connecting more peripheral devices. In other words, the device is a simplified way of plugging-in a laptop computer to common peripherals.
Consider the following partially completed income statements for merchandising companies and compute the missing amounts under the Flynt Corp. table below the following Data Table:view the Income Statements:Data Table : Rustic Gear Flynt Corp.Sales $ 98,000 $(d)Cost of Goods Sold:Beginning Merchandise Inventory (a) 31,000Purchases and Freight In 50,000 (e)Cost of Goods Available for Sale (b) 91,000Ending Merchandise Inventory (2,200) (2,200)Cost of Goods Sold 63,000 (f)Gross Profit 35,000 114,000Selling and Administrative Expenses (c) 86,000Operating Income $10,000 $ (g)Rustic GearSales $98,000Cost of Goods Sold:Beginning Merchandise Inventory 15,200Purchases and Freight In 50,000Cost of Goods Available for Sale 65,200Ending Merchandise Inventory (2,200)Cost of Goods Sold 63,000Gross Profit 35,000Selling and Administrative Expenses 25,000Operating Income $10,000Flynt Corp.__?___$31,000__?___91,000(2,200)114,00086,000__?____
Answer:
e.60,000
f. 88,800
d. 202,800
g. Operating income 28,000
Explanation:
Calculation for the missing amounts for Flynt Corp.
e. Computaion for Purchases & freight-in
Using this formula
Purchases & freight-in= Cost of Goods Available for Sale - Beginning Merchandise Inventory
Let plug in the formula
Purchases & freight= 91,000 - 31,000
Purchases & freight= $ 60,000
f. Computation for Cost of goods sold
Using this formula
Cost of goods sold = Cost of Goods Available for Sale - Ending Merchandise Inventory
Let plug in the formula
Cost of goods sold= 91,000 - 2,200
Cost of goods sold= 88,800
d. Computation for Sales
Using this formula
Sales = Gross profit + Cost of goods sold
Let plug in the formula
Sales= 114 000 + 88,800
Sales= 202,800
g. Computation for Operating income
Using this formula
Operating income = Gross profit - Selling and Administrative Expenses
Let plug in the formula
Operating income= 114,000 - 86,000
Operating income= 28,000
Preparation for the Income statement for Flynt Corp.
Flynt INCOME STATEMENT
Sales 202,800 (i)
Cost of good sold :
Beginning Merchandise Inventory 31,000
Purchases and Freight In 60,000
Total Cost of goods available for sale 91,000
(60,000+31,000)
Less Ending Merchandise Inventory 2,200
Cost of goods sold 88,800 (ii)
(91,000-2,200)
Gross profit 114,000
(202,800 - 88,800)
Less Selling & Administrative expenses 86,000
OPERATING INCOME $28,000
A customer, concerned about a possible pull-back in XYZ stock, instructs her broker to "Sell my XYZ stock if it falls to 40, but I don't want less than 39.75 for my shares." The broker should enter:______.a. market order to sell.b. sell stop order.c. sell stop limit order.
Answer:
c. sell stop limit order.
Explanation:
In this case, a stop order would be issued by a client that instructs his/her broker to sell the stock if the price falls below $40.
But this is a stop limit order because the client has instructed specifically that he/she will not accept a stock price lower than $39.75. A stop limit order sets an specific price limit that the customer will be willing to accept.
Pharrell, inc., has sales of $601,000, costs of $257,000, depreciation expense of $63,000, interest expense of $30,000, and a tax rate of 35 percent. The firm paid out $44,000 in cash dividends. What is the addition to retained earnings?
Answer:
$119,150
Explanation:
Addition to Retained Earnings shall be:
Particulars Amount$
Sales 601,000
Less: Costs 257,000
EBDIT 344,000
Less: Depreciation 63,000
EBIT 281,000
Less: Interest 30,000
EBT 251,000
Less: Tax at 35% 87,850
EAT 163,150
Less: Cash Dividend 44,000
Retained Earnings $119,150
Pompeii, Inc., has sales of $53,000, costs of $24,200, depreciation expense of $2,550, and interest expense of $2,300. If the tax rate is 24 percent, what is the operating cash flow, or OCF
Answer:
$23,052
Explanation:
The computation of operating cash flow is shown below:-
Before that we have to determine the net income which is
Income statement
Sales $53,000
Cost ($24,200)
Depreciation ($2,550)
EBIT $26,250
Interest expense ($2,300)
Earnings before tax $23,950
Tax (5,748)
(24% × $23,950)
Net income $18,202
Now,
Operating cash flow = EBIT + Depreciation - Tax
= $26,250 + 2,550 - $5,748
= $23,052
1. Goals of UAE organizations concerned with the Child Protection Law and the reasons for its inception
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
The goals of UAE organizations concerned with the Child Protection Law and the reasons for its inception are the following:
1. No Poverty: as a result of poverty in some rural areas which is affecting children's development in UAE, the government has made it official to eradicate poverty in those areas.
2. Education for All: this is to ensure that children of age 6 to 18 or Grade 12, all have access to quality education, so as to boost literacy level in UAE
3. Social Support: this is to ensure those with the lowest income are able to cater to their children and afford a decent life.
Jamareo has found a "favorable" authority directly on point for his tax question. If the authority is an administrative authority, which specific type of authority would he prefer to answer his question?
Answer: IRS Regulations
Explanation:
Jamareo has found a "favorable" authority directly on point for his tax question. If the authority is an administrative authority, the specific type of authority would he prefer to answer his question will be IRS Regulation
Treasury Regulations are simply the tax regulations that are issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) of the United. The regulations contained here are the official interpretations of the treasury Department of the Internal Revenue Code.
Within how many days after initially commencing work must an employer report a new employee, according to PRWOR?
Answer:
20 days
Explanation:
The full meaning of PRWOR is Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 of the U.S..
PRWOR is a detailed bipartisan welfare reform plan that brought a change to the U.S. welfare system in a dramatic way whereby time-limited assistance is required to be exchange for work.
One of the contents of PRWOR is that it mandates an employer report a new employee within 20 days after the employee initially commencing work by filing a new hire reporting form.
Therefore, according to PRWOR, an employer report a new employee must report a new employee 20 days after initially commencing work.
John Doeber borrowed $150,000 to buy a house. His loan cost was 6% and he promised to repay the loan in 10 equal annual payments. What are John's annual payment amounts?
Answer:
$20,380.16
Explanation:
in order to find the annual payment, we can use the present value of an annuity formula:
present value = annual payment x PV annuity factor
present value = $150,000PV annuity factor (6%, 10 periods) = 7.3601annual payment = present value / annuity factor = $150,000 / 7.3601 = $20,380.16
Jessica Marshall, the CEO of ABD Oil Drilling Inc., decides to set aside an amount of $10,000 from the company's annual profits to donate to local nonprofit organizations although the company already meets the mandated government requirement of contributing 4 percent of the company's revenue for social benefits. This donation by ABD Oil Drilling Inc. is an example of:
Answer:
corporate philanthropy.
Explanation:
Corporate philanthropy refers to an act done by a corporation or business organization with a motive to promote the welfare of a society by charitable donations of funds
Since in the question it is mentioned that the Jessica already aside the amount of $10,000 for the nonprofit organization and already it meets the requirement of government to contribute 4% of the company revenue for the social benefits
So this given situation represents the corporate philanthropy.
A nursery has $50,000 of inventory in dogwood trees and red maple trees. the profit on a dogwood tree is 28% and the profit on a red maple tree is 18%. the profit for the entire stock is 20%. how much was invested in each type of tree?
Answer and Explanation:
Let us assume the following things
x = dogwood inventory percentage
and, (50,000 - x) = red maple tree inventory percentage
And, the amount of profit is
= $50,000 × 0.20
= $10,000
Now the equation would be
0.28x + 0.18 × ($50,000 - x) = $10,000
0.28x + $9,000 - 0.18x = $10,000
0.10x = 1,000
x = 10,000 = dogwood
So, the red maple would be
= 50,000 - 10,000
= 40,000
A body in the solar system has a period of 10,759.22 days and a perihelion speed of 10.18 km/s. a. Calculate the aphelion radius in nautical miles (14 points). b. Calculate the eccentricity (2 points). c. Extra credit: Name the object. (6 points).
Answer:
Explanation:
From the information given, by applying Kepler's 3rd law,
[tex]T^2 \alpha a^3[/tex]
where;
T = period
a = semi major axis
T = 356 days (for earth)
a = 1 AU = 1.496 [tex]\times 10^8 \ km[/tex]
Therefore, [tex]T^2 = ca^3[/tex]
[tex]c= \dfrac{365^2}{(1.496 \times 10^8)^3}[/tex]
c = 3.9791 [tex]\times 10^{20} \ day^2/km^3[/tex]
However, if the body in the solar system has a period of 10.759.22 days, then, a =?
∴
[tex]T^2 = ca^3[/tex]
[tex]a3 = \dfrac{10759.22^2}{3.9791 \times 10^{-20}}[/tex]
[tex]a^3 = 2.9092 \times 10^{27}[/tex]
[tex]a= \sqrt[3]{2.9092 \times 10^{27}}[/tex]
a = 1.4275 [tex]\times 10^9 \ km[/tex]
However, the velocity for a perihelion = 10.18 km/s
Using the formula
[tex]v = \sqrt{GM ( \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{a})}[/tex] to calculate the radius, we have:
G = [tex]6.674 \times 10^{-11}[/tex]
M = [tex]1.989\times 10^{30} \ kg[/tex]
r = perihelion
[tex]v ^2= GM ( \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{a})[/tex]
[tex](10.18 \times 10^3) ^2= 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \times 1.989 \times 10^{30} ( \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{1.425 \times 10^{12}})[/tex]
[tex]7.8068 \times 10^{-13}= \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{1.425 \times 10^{12}}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{2}{r} = 1.4824 \times 10^{-12}[/tex]
[tex]r = \dfrac{2}{1.4824 \times 10^{-12}}[/tex]
[tex]r = 1.349 \times 10^{12}[/tex]
Similarly, the perihelion is expressed by the equation,
r = a(1 - e)
where ;
e= eccentricity
∴
[tex]1.349 \times 10^{12} = 1.425 \times 10^{12} ( 1 - e)[/tex]
[tex]1.349 \times 10^{12} - 1.425 \times 10^{12}= - 1.425 \times 10^{12} (e)[/tex]
[tex]-7.6\times 10^{10}= - 1.425 \times 10^{12} (e)[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{-7.6\times 10^{10}}{- 1.425 \times 10^{12}}= (e)[/tex]
e ( eccentricity) = 0.0533
Aphelion radius in natural miles, r = a( 1+ e)
[tex]r = 1.425 \times 10^{12} ( 1 + 0.0533)[/tex]
[tex]r = 1.50 \times 10^{12} \ m[/tex]
to nautical miles, we have:
[tex]r = 1.50 \times 10^{12} \times 0.00054 \ nautical \ mile[/tex]
radius of aphelion [tex]\mathbf{r = 8.10 \times 10^8}[/tex] nautical miles
In respect to the value of a( i.e [tex]1.4275 \times 10^9 \ km)[/tex]
the body of the solar system is Saturn
Several market participants interact in developed markets to organize the exchange of funds from buyers to sellers. Such institutions as investment banks, commercial banks, financial services corporations, credit unions, pension funds, life insurance companies, mutual funds, exchange traded funds, hedge funds, and private equity companies play a key role in facilitating these transfers.
Identify the financial institution based on each description given in the following table:_________.
Description
They underwrite, distribute, and design investment securities for corporations to help them raise capital.
They are established by an employer to facilitate and organize employee retirement funds. They are asset pools that invest in securities that have a potential to give stable returns.
With the use of advanced investment techniques, these largely unregulated portfolios are invested in securities. The investment objective is to offset potential losses by investing in counterbalancing securities. They are open to only a select class of investors.
Financial Institution
Finacial Services Corporations,Commercial Banks, Investment Banks
Life Insurance, Credit Unions, Pension Funds
Exchange Traded Funds, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Companies
Answer:
Description:
They underwrite, distribute, and design investment securities for corporations to help them raise capital.
Financial Institution: Investment banks
Description:
They are established by an employer to facilitate and organize employee retirement funds. They are asset pools that invest in securities that have a potential to give stable returns.
Financial Institution: Pension Funds
Description:
With the use of advanced investment techniques, these largely unregulated portfolios are invested in securities. The investment objective is to offset potential losses by investing in counterbalancing securities. They are open to only a select class of investors.
Financial Institution: Hedge Funds
1. What kinds of communication does marketing entity generate? For instance, imagine a starbucks coffee shop. What are the detailed elements that communicate messages to the buyer and what are those messages?
Answer:
Marketing as an entity generates awareness and demand for the product.
Explanation:
Marketing of a product communicates about its brand value, its utility, and its performance. The four to seven P of marketing such as place, price, product, promotion, people, and physical evidence communicated through the advertisement, personal selling, brand endorsements, and PR events. For example, Starbucks coffee communicates the brand name logo, the price, the taste and communicates about the quality of the product. It delivers the message of high standards and a large market base and huge revenue to the clients.Marketing is a function that helps the business to generates or creates more awareness and demand for its product.
The main purpose of marketing activities is to communicates about the product brand, utility and performance to the prospective buyers.
For instance, imagining a starbucks coffee shop, the marketing activities that can take place to induce different customers or prospective customers to buy more product includes in-house advert, sales promotion, discounts etc
In conclusion, generally, the detailed elements that communicate the messages of a seller to the buyer includes advert, sales promotion, direct marketing, personal selling, public relations, sales promotion, digital marketing and the message are structured to induce the customer to buy from them.
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Juanita receives her paycheck and knows that her gross pay and federal tax are correct. Using the fact that Social Security tax is 6.2% of gross pay, Medicare tax is 1.45% of gross pay and state tax is 19% of federal tax, determine if Juanita's net pay is correct.Choose the true statement below. a. The net pay is correct. b. The Social Security tax is not correct. c. The Medicare tax is not correct. d. The state tax is not correct.
Answer:
a. The net pay is correct.
Explanation:
Suppose the missing part of the question which is the gross pay and the federal tax is 1020.00 and 107.00 respectively.
Then, Social Security tax 6.2% of the gross pay = [tex]\dfrac{6.2}{100}\times 1020[/tex]
Social Security tax 6.2% of the gross pay = 0.062 × 1020
Social Security tax 6.2% of the gross pay = $63.24
the Medicare tax is 1.45% of gross pay = [tex]\dfrac{1.45}{100} \times 1020[/tex]
the Medicare tax is 1.45% of gross pay = 0.0145 × 1020
the Medicare tax is 1.45% of gross pay = $14.79
the state tax is 19% of federal tax = [tex]\dfrac{19}{100} \times 107[/tex]
the state tax is 19% of federal tax = 0.19 × 107
the state tax is 19% of federal tax = $20.33
Hence, to determine if Juanita's net pay is correct, we have the summation of all our estimated figures minus the gross pay.
i.e
Juanita's net pay = $1020 - $(107 + 63.24 + 14.79 + 20.33)
Juanita's net pay = $1020 - 205.36
Juanita's net pay = $814.64
What is the most utilized part of the corn kernel?
Answer:
endosperm is the correct answer
Acme Sales calls its customers after they purchase an automobile from the dealership. In addition, every year customers are asked to complete a short survey about the car they purchased from Acme Sales and their customer-service experiences with the dealership. Acme Sales is an example of a(n) ___ system.
Answer:
open
Explanation:
Based on the description provided, it seems that Acme Sales is an example of an open system. This is a system that has external interactions which deals with information, energy, or material transfers into or out of the system boundary. In this scenario, Acme Sales is transferring information to and from the company by asking their customers questions over the phone which the clients are providing this information.
As a component of the marketing plan, the executive summary Multiple Choice is a concise affirmation of the firm’s long-term purpose. is the primary influence on a firm’s overall marketing strategy. provides a standard to ensure that the business never strays too far from its core goals and values. provides employees with a shared sense of ambition, direction, and opportunity. should be completed after the rest of the marketing plan has been completed.
Answer:
should be completed after the rest of the marketing plan has been completed.
Explanation:
An executive summary refers to the report which is a summary report of several vital business reports. It basically consolidates all the business planning and operation reports into one single report.
As the reader shall get the major details of all the functions of the company planned and executed, and need not go through all the reports separately.
This shall save the time of readers as this reports are usually prepared for directors, owners and CEO's in order to save their important time and work more efficiently on business performance.
This is therefore prepared after all the plans are made, accordingly even after the marketing plan as this ensures summary of all the plans.
The executive summary is a component of the marketing plan that should be completed after the rest of the marketing plan has been completed, as it corresponds to the summary of all reports contained in the plan to simplify the reading of the main points of each process.
Marketing planIt corresponds to a document with the necessary actions for a company to reach its objectives and marketing goals that will help it to be competitive and positioned in the market.
Therefore, the executive summary corresponds to a summary report of all the key points of the marketing plan, helping senior management to make faster and more effective decisions according to the summary.
The correct answer is:
Should be completed after the rest of the marketing plan has been completed.Find out more information about marketing plan here:
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Which of the following items is a wardrobe essential for both men and women?
O Khaki pants
O Button-up shirt
O Jeans
O Sneakers
Answer:
Jeans
Explanation:
If you look around you are most likely to see more men than women wearing Khakis and most women don't wear button-up shirts
Sneakers are more worn by men.
A municipality wants to build a water treatment facility, and requires some privately owned land to do so. What procedure enables the municipality to buy the property, even against the owner's wishes?
Answer:
Eminent Domain
Explanation:
The procedure that allows for this is known as Eminent Domain. This allows for the municipality (government) to take private property and convert it into public use if and only if they provide just compensation to the property owners. This procedure is protected/provided by the Fifth Amendment and allows the government to do so even if the property owner does not want to relinquish ownership.
What can you do to help identify your aptitudes and abilities?
Answer:
First, you can simply brainstorm a list of all of your skills. If you aren’t sure what you are good at, your friends and family are always great resources to turn to. They have a good idea of your skills (others can sometimes see your aptitudes when you yourself cannot see them) You can also create a chart to break down categories, it may help you identify skills if you think of them in special categories.
Founders should be wary of crowdfunding sites like Kickstarter, because these efforts require founders to give up large ownership stakes to a large number of contributors before they can raise funds to bring products to market.A. TrueB. False
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
As the name suggests that crowdfunding refers to the funding for a project by having a small amount from the public at large in an internet
Since in the question it is mentioned that the founders should put efforts for giving the high stake of ownership with respect to high contributors before raising the funds to launch a product in the market
But this above requirement should not be necessary
Therefore the given statement is false
A client's respiratory status may be affected after abdominal surgery. The nurse documents the behavioral objective for this client. What statement is a behavioral objective?
Answer: Demonstrates the technique of coughing and deep breathing
Explanation:
The behavioral objective the nurse documents or would document would relate to how he acts or live with these Illness, an example is in his coughing and breathing, how well he breath, she does a round of counting, monitoring how heavy he breaths too. When she monitors all these, she is then able to compute an analysis for the objective on how the sick patient is.
Liabilities and stockholders' equity of a company are $50,000 and $150,000, respectively. Determine assets using the accounting equation.
Explanation:
*Stationary items*
*1) gel pen 3*
*2) Clutch pencil*
*3) eraser/sharpner*
*4) beads pencils*
A municipal securities firm is hosting an event in its suite at a football game in the city where the firm is headquartered. A registered representative wants to invite an individual to join him in the suite to watch the game. The individual works for the municipality, and has worked with the registered representative on previous bond underwriting deals for the municipality. The ticket to the game is worth $250. Which statement is TRUE about this?
A. Giving the ticket to the game to this individual violates the MSRB $100 gift limit
B. This individual can be given the ticket because it has a de minimis value under the MSRB Political Contribution rule
C. This individual can be given the ticket because the firm is hosting the event and it is acceptable to invite a business client
D. This individual cannot be given the ticket because it is a conflict of interest
Answer: This individual can be given the ticket because the firm is hosting the event and it is acceptable to invite a business client.
Explanation:
A municipal security is simply a security that is being ssued by either the government or its agency.
With regards to the information provided in the question, the true statement is that the individual can be given the ticket because the firm is hosting the event and it is acceptable to invite a business client.
Mary is a line cook at a restaurant and unknowingly has a highly contagious disease, "Syfoid." She hasn’t shown any symptoms herself, but she has passed it through the food she handles to several customers who later died. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) traced the disease back to Mary and order her to "appear for testing and treatment as well as to cease all handling of food." When Mary refuses, the CDC and law enforcement arrive at her home and forcibly take her to a hospital where she is quarantined though she was not charged with any crime. Several months later Mary has still not been released from quarantine because she is still communicable, however, she has never been provided an opportunity to contest her quarantine. In the meantime, Mary lost her job. Has any of Mary’s fundamental rights been violated?
a. No, because she is a threat to the health and safety of the community.
b. Possibly, because she was deprived of her liberty without due process.
c. Yes, the government violated her right to equal protection.
d. No, because she has not been charged with any crime.
Answer: b. Possibly, because she was deprived of her liberty without due process.
Explanation:
Mary has a Constitutional right to due process which means that she should get the opportunity to contest her quarantine. This right is enshrined in the 5th Amendment which asserts that the Federal Government may not deprive a person of their freedoms without due process.
The CDC as a Federal Government arm even when acting in the interest of the people, should give Mary the chance to contest her quarantine so that she may at least see for herself that she might indeed be the source of a deadly disease.
The UCC requires that HDCs take instruments in good faith. This means that: a.the holders must have performed a special oath before taking the instrument. b.the holders must be assured that the instrument has no defects. c.the holders must be aware that the instrument is defective. d.the holders must have acted honestly and observed all reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing.
Answer: d.the holders must have acted honestly and observed all reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing.
Explanation:
For an instrument to be negotiable, it should be noted that the UCC requires that such instrument have to be signed by the maker or the drawer.
The UCC requires that HDCs take instruments in good faith. This means that the holders must have acted honestly and observed all reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing.
An existing comment can be edited in the _____.
Answer:
Reviewing pane
Explanation:
When the holder (owner) of an index option exercises the contract, the account of the holder will be A) debited the out-of-the money amount. B) debited the in-the-money amount. C) credited the out-of-the-money amount. D) credited the in-the-money amount.
Answer:
credited the in-the-money amount.
Explanation:
When an option is excersised the owner of the option decides to initiate a financial transaction that is carried out by both parties. At the end of the transaction the option contract is terminated.
In this kind of transaction settlement is in cash and not stock. So the option writer takes money to the option buyer and the amount is equal to the value of the option in-the-money.
This will result in a credit to the in-the-money amount.
Customer Q, age 40, is married with 3 young children. He earns $120,000 per year and has $10,000 of liquid assets to invest. The customer has no current portfolio, but does own his home, worth $400,000 against which there is a $200,000 mortgage. The customer informs you that his father just died, leaving him an inheritance of $150,000. He wishes to invest the money so that he can retire in 20 years, using the investment's income. The best recommendation to the customer is to invest the $150,000 in:______________.A. a large cap stock mutual fundB. CMO companion tranches with a 20 year average lifeC. TIPs with a 20 year maturityD. a low-load variable annuity separate account with a growth objective
Answer:
D. a low-load variable annuity separate account with a growth objective
Explanation:
The customer plans to retire in 20 years, and even though his earnings are relatively high, his assets and net value are not. Before his father died, he only had $10,000 to invest, so he cannot afford to take high risks.
A low load investment is one whose managers charge low management fees. A variable annuity is a type of investment that yields a variable return depending on how the investment portfolio performs. In order to be able to have a larger future return, the growth objective would be to have a portfolio that grows, and not necessarily yields annual returns, e.g. zero coupon securities or stocks that pay low dividends or even no dividends at all but have a higher growth rate.