Nucleotides can only be joined in one way (5' to 3') by DNA polymerase.
DNA synthesis or replication takes place during the S phase of a cell cycle, which happens during interphase and comes before mitosis or meiosis.
Describe DNA replication with an example.The act of copying and duplicating a DNA molecule is known as DNA replication. The procedure is run in a semi-conservative manner.
Before dividing, cells must copy their DNA. This promotes successful inheritance of genetic features by giving each daughter cell a copy of the genome. The fundamental mechanism of DNA replication is similar across all organisms, making it a crucial operation.
Three models—conservative, semi-conservative, and dispersive—were put out for DNA replication. According to the conservative way of replication, freshly generated daughter strands and the parental DNA should both remain together.
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what is A cell created by cloning is genetically
Answer: Identical copy
Explanation:
cloning, the process of generating a genetically identical copy of a cell or an organism. Cloning happens often in nature—for example, when a cell replicates itself asexually without any genetic alteration or recombination. Prokaryotic organisms (organisms lacking a cell nucleus) such as bacteria create genetically identical duplicates of themselves using binary fission or budding.
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Describe the climate changes that are happening in the world in our time, and name some of the causes of climate change. Tell which of these causes come from human activity and which of them are from natural sources. From your personal perspective, describe one positive and one negative aspect of climate change. (10 points)
climate change is the a shift in an area's typical weather patterns. Climate change is a result of a variety of natural and anthropogenic (caused by humans) processes. Although climate change has always occurred on Earth, as is shown from the geological record, it is the current rate and severity that are causing so much anxiety on a global scale. The atmosphere's greenhouse gases trap heat radiation.
Causes of climate change
Human activity can be seen a major cause of climate change because of the greenhouse gas emissions we produce, humans are mostly to blame for climate change. As heat from the sun travels through Earth's atmosphere, greenhouse gases capture it.
Naturally a volcanic eruption is commonly known to alters the climate due to volcanic activity leading to climate change
From my perspective major benefit of climate change include lower energy demand for heating and crop fertilization with carbon dioxide, while the negative effect can be seen as increased temperature because of an increase in atmospheric gases caused by industrial activities
Conclusively Climate change can affect our health, ability to grow food, housing, safety and work.
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20 pts!!! For the following questions, create a Punnett square. Be sure to show the genotypes, phenotypes, and percentages for each cross.
In peas, side flowers are dominant over end flowers. Cross a homozygous recessive plant with a heterozygous plant. (4 pts)
Genotype: Phenotype
The genotype of the cross is 50% Aa and 50% aa.
The phenotype of the cross is 50% side flower and 50% end flower.
Monohybrid crossingThe problem here has to do with a crossing involving a single gene. That is a monohybrid cross. Crosses involving two traits are known as dihybrid crosses.
Let us assume that the side flower allele is represented by A (since it is the dominant allele) and the end flower allele by a (the recessive allele). The dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele when they are together. Hence:
The genotype of a homzygous recessive plant = aa
The genotype of a heterozygous plant = Aa
Crossing Aa and aa:
Aa x aa
Aa Aa aa aa
The genotype of the offspring from the cross:
= 50%(1/2) Aa and 50% (1/2) aa
The phenotype of the offspring from the cross:
= 50% Aa (side flowered) and 50% aa (end flowered)
Thus:
Genotypes = 50% Aa and 50% aaPhenotype = 50% side flower and 50% end flowerSee the attached image for Punnet's square.
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The tendon tap reflex can be elicited by a stretch in a muscle. What is the order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron?.
The order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron is option(a) i.e, dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn, ventral horn.
The nerve fibers that carry sensory data from the outside environment into the brain are known as afferent neurons, also referred to as sensory afferent neurons. Special senses like vision, hearing, smell, or taste, as well as the senses of touch, pain, and temperature, can all play a role in sensory information.
The signal from the higher motor neuron is sent to the effector's muscle by the lower motor neuron, which then causes the muscle to move. Somatic motor neurons, specific visceral efferent (branchial), and generic visceral motor neurons are the three main subtypes of lower motor neurons. Somatic motor neurons, specific visceral efferent (branchial), and generic visceral motor neurons are the three main subtypes of lower motor neurons.
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The tendon tap reflex can be elicited by a stretch in a muscle. What is the order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron?
a. dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn, ventral horn
b. dorsal horn, dorsal root, ventral horn
c. ventral root, ventral horn, dorsal horn, dorsal root
Select all of the following types of microscopes:
Group of answer choices
Electron
TEM
Magnifying
Digital
SEM
Compound
Answer:
The answer is compound microscope
why is dark skin (a result of increased melanin production) likely a response to ultraviolet (uv) radiation? group of answer choices because uv radiation can damage stored vitamin d because uv radiation can damage stored folate because uv radiation can cause hypoxia because uv radiation can cause rickets
Dark skin (a result of increased melanin production) likely a response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation because UV radiation can cause Skin cancer.
Why does melanin production increase when UV exposure increases?This is due to an increase in melanin production through increased synthesis of -melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-Msh), which is mediated by Protein 53 (p53), in response to DNA damage produced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) (76).
Why is a person with a darker complexion more protected from the sun's UV rays?
Persons with naturally darker skin are less likely to get burnt than people with lighter complexion, as melanin helps to partially block off harmful UV rays. Your risk of developing skin cancer, including melanoma, is increased by sunburns.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that dark skin (a result of increased melanin production) likely a response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation because UV radiation can cause Skin cancer.
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which organism can easily adapt to changing food supply? why?
Answer:
Humans
Explanation:
I sincerely don't have any explanation
What is the primary substance contained in the inorganic portion of bone tissue?.
clomiphene citrate may be used to induce ovulation as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. early data also suggests that metformin is effective for ovulation induction in anovulatory women with pcos.
True, Early data also suggests that metformin is effective for ovulation induction in anovulatory women with pcos.
What is PCOS?
PCOS with full meaning "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is a common disorder of the endocrine system that is diagnosed based on inclusion criteria of an ovulation or oligo–ovulation, presence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. From research, it has shown that many women with PCOS also have hyperinsulinemia, leading to over production of ovarian androgens. This has led to several studies on the use of the insulin–sensitizing agent metformin in inducing ovulation in women with PCOS. Metformin combined with the fertility drug clomiphene citrate (clomid) has shown to be more effective than the placebo in stimulating ovulation. While metformin has not yet gained the title of a first–line pharmacological agent for ovulation induction, research shows it has many benefits in PCOS treatment.
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Gregor Mendel developed the system of
cross-breeding in the 1800's.
Yes, Gregor Mendel developed the system of cross-breeding in the 1800s. Gregor Mendel, a monk, studied how features were passed down in plants throughout the middle to end of the 1800s.
Gregor Mendel was a poor youngster from Austria at the time. Due to the importance, they placed on math and science, his professors advised him to become an Augustinian monk in 1843. He continued his education at the University of Vienna, he continued his education. Mendel spent eight years researching heredity through the use of the simple-to-breed pea plant (Pisum sativum). He crossed the plants and performed hybridization studies on approximately 29,000 plants, which allowed him to change 7 of the plants' obvious traits: plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, and bloom position and color.
He did this by applying pollen with a paintbrush. He is now regarded as the founder of modern genetics, despite the fact that it was decades after his death that his discoveries were confirmed. He wrote about the invisible "factors"—what we now refer to as "genes") that determine apparent features in his 1866 publication.
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The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:
Gregor Mendel developed the system of cross-breeding in the 1800s. Give a general account.
Can someone answer these?
Van Helmont in his experiment concluded tried to answer that the plants growth does not only depend upon the minerals present in the soil as he observed there was no change in the mineral content of soil however the plant gained 75kgs weight.
What was Van Helmont experiment?Van Helmont planted a tree, watered the tree and then left it for 5 years. He then re-weighed the tree after 5 years, which had its mass increased by over 12 stones. He then dried the soil and weighed it again, showed that the mass of soil was almost the same. He then concluded that the tree grew by drinking water and not only by the minerals present in soil.
Trichomes are defined as the unicellular or multicellular appendages the extends from the stem above-ground epidermal cells in the plants. These appendages play an important role in the development of plants. Trichomes are the root modifications. Trichomes help in the protection dispersal of fruits and seeds and reduction in water loss in plants.
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the dimensions of the test line in the device described above are 1 mm x 8 mm x 0.2 mm. the amount of antibody bound to the test line is 26 pm. the sample contains 35 pm of antigen. assume that 90% of the antigen in the sample are collected on the test line as the sample flows across the line. assume that the entire sample moves through the test line. what is the required reaction rate at the test line?
The specified reaction rate at the test line: the complexes have been eluted by way of 500 μg/ml, The x-axis shows the time following the primary advantageous RRT-PCR take a look at (A). Dotted lines denote the assay cutoff for superb effects.
Any substance recognized as foreign by way of the immune gadget is called an antigen. Antigens are also considered immunogens. Antigens are recognized to trigger the immune device. They may be endogenous, exogenous, or autoantigens. Examples of antigens are pollen, bacteria, parasitic worms, and viruses.
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule or molecular structure or any overseas particulate depend or a pollen grain that may bind to a selected antibody or T-cell receptor. The presence of antigens inside the body may additionally trigger an immune response. The three extensive methods to outline antigens encompass exogenously (overseas to the host immune machine), endogenous (produced by intracellular microorganisms and viruses replicating interior a number mobile), and autoantigens (produced with the aid of the host).
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In order to perceive forms and patterns from incoming stimuli, individuals utilize __________. a. feature analysis b. change blindness c. selective attention d. inattentional blindness please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
In order to perceive forms and patterns for incoming stimuli, individual utilizes :
a.) Feature analysis
Feature analysis theorizes that humans and animals have neurons and neural networks that function as detectors for observing individual features of all the object and pattern around us.
Feature analysis is one of the aspect of pattern recognition. This theory relies on the notion that we perceive different features of objects we see and use these features with to identify and categorize them.
Feature-matching theories propose that we decompose visual patterns into a set of critical features that we try to match with the features stored in our memory.
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Assuming that there are glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, which way
would glucose flow-into or out of the cell? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Whether a cell uses facilitated diffusion or active transport depends on the specific needs of the cell. For example, the sugar glucose is transported by active transport from the gut into intestinal epithelial cells, but by facilitated diffusion across the membrane of red blood cells. Why? Consider how different these two environments are.
Can someone answer these?
Water in the chloroplast acts as a reducing agent which provides H⁺ ions that convert NADP to NADPH which is then utilized in Krebs cycle. NADPH is an important reducing agent present in chloroplasts.
What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process by which plants prepare their own food with the help of sunlight which is trapped in the chlorophyll molecules present in the chloroplast. Chloroplast contains different pigments which include chlorophyll a, b, and accessory pigments.
Chlorophyll b absorbs mostly the blue and yellow colored light with less intensity. This reflects green-colored light which makes the plant look green.
Anthocyanin is an accessory pigment. These are water-soluble vacuole pigments which looks red, purple, blue, or black depending on the pH.
Chlorophyll a has the maximal absorption in the red light region with 642 nm and in the blue region with 372 nm. Whereas, chlorophyll b has the absorption maximum values 626 nm and 392 nm, respectively.
The leaf with the green color will show the lowest amount of starch in it. This is because plants absorb blue and red light more than the green light which will affect the photosynthesis rate. Therefore, less amount of starch is produced.
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Suppose various legume plant parts are rubbed with a protein gel. Which plant part is most likely to test positive for nitrogenase?.
Suppose various legume plant parts are rubbed with a protein gel. The root plant part is most likely to test positive for nitrogenase.
Why are legumes raised?In agriculture, legumes are farmed largely for their food grain seed (beans, lentils, or typically pulses), feed and silage for livestock, and as soil-improving green manure. scrambled eggs on toast with baked beans on top.
What many kinds of plants are legumes?Pea and bean plants are the most widely consumed legumes. While peas might have edible or shelled pods, pole or bush beans have long, slender pods. Beans with no strings are simpler to eat, while snow or sugar peas' soft shells make the entire pea delightful when consumed whole.
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The body needs glucose from carbohydrates for major organs and tissues. If dietary carbohydrates are inadequate, the body utilizes other sources to provide energy. What is the only source that can not be used to directly make glucose?.
Fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids are the only sources that can not be used to directly make glucose.
The production of glucose is not possible using fatty acids or ketogenic amino acids. As acetyl-CoA cannot be transformed back to pyruvate due to the one-way nature of the transition reaction, it cannot be used as a fuel. As a result, because beta-oxidation results in the production of acetyl-CoA, fatty acids cannot be used to create glucose.
Both the kidneys and the liver engage in glucose synthesis. The diabetes-causing hormones promote the synthesis of glucose (glucagon, growth hormone, epinephrine, and cortisol).
Examples of gluconeogenic substrates include glycerol, lactate, propionate, and a few amino acids. The dicarboxylic acid shuttle moves hydrocarbons from pyruvate to PEP during the gluconeogenesis pathway.
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Regulatory proteins that prevent a cell from entering the s phase under conditions of dna damage are also known as _____.
Tumor suppressor proteins are the regulatory proteins that prevent cells from entering the s phase under conditions of DNA damage.
What are regulatory proteins?
These are the proteins that interact with RNA polymerase and affect the role of transcription. These proteins bind to regions near the promoter where the RNA polymerase binds to initiate the transcription of DNA to mRNA.
Tumor suppressor protein acts to inhibit cell proliferation and tumor development. These cells slow down cell division and make cells die at the right time (apoptosis or programmed cell death).
Retinoblastoma protein was the first tumor suppressor protein that plays a central role as a negative regulator of the cell cycle. These proteins are used mostly for the reduction of cancer by inhibiting the growth of tumor cells through apoptosis. Mostly they block the cell cycle at the g1(gap 1) phase.
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Which respiratory function describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cells?.
Answer:Cellular Respiration
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells produce energy, and is broken down into three more steps: glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, and electron transport chain. Glycolysis requires glucose, two ATP, and NAD+, and two ADP, and produces two pyruvate, four ATPs, two NADH, and two H2O. The Kreb’s Chcle and thus the downstream electron transport chain require acetyl-CoA, one ADP, three NAD+, and one FAD, but pyruvate oxidation needs to happen prior to the Kreb’s Cycle, thus this is where the Oxygen is used and produced into two CO2.
tooth decay can occur when in your mouth use the carbohydrates in food for their energy needs. multiple choice question. bacteria epithelial cells viruses fungi
Answer: Bacteria.
Explanation: Bacteria is one of the only organisms that reside in the mouth that can feed off of the carbohydrates in food left behind. Epithelial Cells cannot cause tooth decay, viruses need a host and can’t directly cause tooth decay either, and fungi can’t destroy enamel by feeding off of carbohydrates.
How does nondisjunction in human female gametes give rise to klinefelter and turner syndrome offspring following fertilization by a normal male gamete?.
Ovarian cells with nondisjunction either have two X chromosomes or none. When the former is fertilized by a sperm that contains Y, it causes Klinefelter syndrome, and when the latter is fertilized by a sperm that has X, it causes Turner syndrome.
Nondisjunction occurs when homologous chromosomes fail to properly separate during meiosis. As a result, gametes that have more or fewer chromosomes than typical ones are produced. As a result, the person may grow a trisomal or monosomal syndrome. Both Meiosis I and Meiosis II of the cellular division might result in non-disjunction. Many aberrant medical diseases, such as Down's syndrome, Patau's syndrome, Edward's syndrome, and Turner's syndrome, are caused by it. Many genetic problems are also primarily caused by it, but its exact origin and mechanism are yet unknown. Both paternal and maternal meiosis I have an impact on it, even though maternal meiosis II mistakes cause it in the majority of cases.
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My Question is: What substance, produced during photosynthesis, provides food for plants and animals in a food web?
Answer Choices: carbon dioxide, water, glucose, and oxygen
Answer:
glucose
Explanation:
Burning fossil fuels releases which of the following into the atmosphere?
Responses
(A.) oxygen
(B.) carbon dioxide
(C.) carbon
(D.) heat
Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide.
Answer:
(B.) carbon dioxide
Explanation:
k12 quiz
What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?
Plan a short skit in which you model what occurs when energy is transferred between objects by one of the three methods of thermal energy transfer. Focus on making your performance convey information as accurately as possible.
Write a description (100-200 words) of a scenario to explain the changes in biodiversity between your two samples.
Answer:
Biodiversity is the variability of living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic habitats, and the ecological complexes to which they belong ; this involves the variety of species, species and ecosystems.The significance of this concept is that the many aspects of biodiversity are drawn to attention. It explicitly acknowledges that each bio ta can be described by its taxonomic, ecological, and genetic diversity and that a main characteristic of biodiversity is how these dimensions of diversity differ over moment and space. Therefore, only a multidimensional biodiversity evaluation can provide insights into the connection between changes in biodiversity and changes in the functioning of ecosystems and ecosystem services.
Stack of membranes in which enzymes attach
carbohydrates and lipids to proteins.
What is that organelle called?
Answer:
Golgi apparatus
Explanation:
Stack of membranes which contains enzymes that attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins. lysosome. small membranous sac filled with enzymes used to break down breakdown matter or old cells!
capping of is programmed to occur early in transcription through the association of capping enzymes with phosphorylated on the ctd of rna polymerase ii. please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices
The phosphorylated RNA Pol II is then recruited by the capping enzymes RNGTT, RNMT-RAM, CMTR1, and CAPAM. There is a cap structure produced by each capping enzyme next to it.
The cap's formation. The capping enzymes can add the cap on the mRNA while RNA polymerase II is producing it once this complex of RNA polymerase II and the enzymes is formed. phosphorylated is used to cure capping enzyme.
The capping enzyme belongs to the superfamily of covalent nucleotide transferases, which also contains DNA and RNA ligases.
An enzyme known as a capping enzyme (CE) is responsible for catalyzing the attachment of the 5' cap to messenger RNA molecules that are initially being produced in the cell nucleus. phosphorylated is used to cure capping enzyme.
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which phylum has very few surviving species, and are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns? a. anthophyta b. cycadophyta c. coniferophyta d. gnetophyta e. pteridophyta
The phylum has very few surviving species, and are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns is Cycadophyta.
The well known example is Cycas. There are found stout, trunk like structure in stems. They have compund leaf and resembles with fern leaves. There are found very few surviving species.
What are cycadophytes?
Any member of the wide group of extinct or nearly extinct primitive gymnospermous plants is a cycadophyte. Although some botanists prefer to limit the name "cycadophyte" to those belonging to the division Cycadophyta, three families of prehistoric seed plants—of which seed ferns and cycadeoids are only represented by extinct forms—are treated here. A third group, the order Cycadales (cycads), has 11 extant genera and roughly 310 species as of the present.
Therefore the answer is B. Cycadophytes.
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Language Development
Use the lessons in this unit to complete the chart and expand your
understanding of the science concepts.
TERM: molecule
Definition
Similar Term
TERM: ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Definition
Similar Term
TERM: photosynthesis
Definition
Similar Term
TERM: chloroplast
Definition
Similar Term
Phrase
Phrase
Phrase
Example
Phrase
Example
Example
Example
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds and are the structural components of chemical compounds. For example, ATP.
ATP, abbreviation for Adenosine Triphosphate, is a energy molecule found in all living forms. It is a coenzyme that transfers energy to cells by releasing its phosphate groups when used with enzymes like ATP triphosphatase. An adenine bicyclic system, a furanose ring, and a triphosphate chain make up the molecule.
Chloroplast is a plastid or an organelle found in plants and algae. It generally conducts photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process by which plants synthesize their food by using water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide from air and convert it into oxygen and energy in the form of starch.
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