Spontaneous processes are processes such as; a soluble salt dissolves when it is mixed with water, iron rusts when it exposed to salty water and a match continues to burns after it is lit.
A spontaneous process is a process that occurs without external input of energy or does not require a continuous input of energy once the process has gotten underway.
Among the options the processes which are spontaneous under standard conditions of 1 atm, 298 K and 1 M are;
A soluble salt dissolves when it is mixed with water.Iron rusts when it exposed to salty water. A match continues to burn after it is lit.Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/6505878
Dissolution of KOH, ΔHsoln:
KOH(s) → KOH(aq) (10.1)
Neutralization of solid KOH, ΔHneut:
KOH(s) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + KCl(aq) (10.2)
1) Using Hess's law, show how to combine Reaction 10.1 and Reaction 10.2 to give
KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + KCl(aq) (10.3)
2)How should ΔHsoln and ΔHneut be combined (mathematically) to give the change in enthalpy for Reaction 10.3, ΔH?
Using Hess's law we found:
1) By adding reaction 10.2 with the reverse of reaction 10.1 we get reaction 10.3:
KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H₂O(l) + KCl(aq) ΔH (10.3)
2) The ΔHsoln must be subtracted from ΔHneut to get the total change in enthalpy (ΔH).
The reactions of dissolution (10.1) and neutralization (10.2) are:
KOH(s) → KOH(aq) ΔHsoln (10.1)
KOH(s) + HCl(aq) → H₂O(l) + KCl(aq) ΔHneut (10.2)
1) According to Hess's law, the total change in enthalpy of a reaction resulting from differents changes in various reactions can be calculated as the sum of all the enthalpies of all those reactions.
Hence, to get reaction 10.3:
KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H₂O(l) + KCl(aq) (10.3)
We need to add reaction 10.2 to the reverse of reaction 10.1
KOH(s) + HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) → H₂O(l) + KCl(aq) + KOH(s)
Canceling the KOH(s) from both sides, we get reaction 10.3:
KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H₂O(l) + KCl(aq) (10.3)
2) The change in enthalpy for reaction 10.3 can be calculated as the sum of the enthalpies ΔHsoln and ΔHneut:
[tex] \Delta H = \Delta H_{soln} + \Delta H_{neut} [/tex]
The enthalpy of reaction 10.1 (ΔHsoln) changed its sign when we reversed reaction 10.1, so:
[tex] \Delta H = \Delta H_{neut} - \Delta H_{soln} [/tex]
Therefore, the ΔHsoln must be subtracted from ΔHneut to get the total change in enthalpy ΔH.
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How much does a cloud weigh in pounds?
Answer:
1.1 million pounds
Explanation:
Answer:
1.1 million pounds
Explanation:
that's a lot of water above us!!
When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are ________.
NH3 (g) + O2 (g) ---> NO2 (g) + H2O (g)
a. 1,1,1,1
b. 4,7,4,6
c. 2,3,2,3
d. 1,3,1,2
e. 4,3,4,3
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Option B is the correct answer. When you add 7 in front of the O2 in the left side, and then you add 4 and 6 in front of NO2 and H2O respectively, the number of oxygen atoms is the same in both sides.
Which of the following types of models is generally used to predict long-term events? a. idea model b. physical model c. computer model d. none of the above Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D Mark this and return
Answer:
C
Computer model is generally used to predict long-term events
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what did mosa figure out? how did mosas mesurement prove that the ball was moving to gravity
by bouncing it
Explanation:
when you bouce a ball it hits the ground because gravity pulls it down
The octahedral complex ion [MnCl6] 3- has more unpaired spins than the octahedral complex ion [Mn(CN)6] 3- . How many unpaired electrons are present in each species
[MnCl6] 3- is high spin and has five unpaired electrons while [Mn(CN)6] 3- has only two unpaired electrons.
A complex may be low spin or high spin depending on the kind of ligand attached to the central metal atom/ion. If the ligand is a weak field ligand, the complex may be high spin (maximum number of unpaired electrons). If the complex is low spin, there are few unpaired electrons (minimum number of unpaired electrons). In that case, the ligand is a strong field ligand.
In the octahedral geometry, [MnCl6] 3- is high spin and has five unpaired electrons since the chloride ion is a weak field ligand. On the other hand [Mn(CN)6] 3- has only two unpaired electrons because the cyanide ion is a strong field ligand.
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Hello can someone please help me. Me and my mom went to the doctor and the doctor told me I can’t have sex till 19 because of my health problems. But they didn’t tell me what health problems! Can someone tell us there any health things or a name for that?
Answer:
bladder or bowel diseases, or arthritis. These might be your answer.
Question 2
Which of the following models the arrangement of atoms in a gas?
O None of these
PLEASE HELP ASAP
Answer:
The option where the atoms are furthest apart.
Explanation:
Gasses are the most energetic of the three basic states of matter, their atoms have more kinetic energy than either solids or liquids and will therefore also have the most spread out atoms.
can someone tell me if I got this right? so I'm supposed to Match the vocabulary terms with their detentions
Answer:
I hope that help you
Explanation:
energy is change from one form to another called _energy conversion
energy can neither be created nor destroyed it can only be transformed from one form to another called --The law of conservation of energy
cause to change in form character or function called - convert
the last sentensce
energy transformation
What is the SI unit of time?
OA.
second
OB.
minute
OC. hour
OD. day
Res
[tex]▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪ {\huge\mathfrak{Answer}}▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪[/tex]
The correct choice is ~ A
S.I unit of time is Second
p-Nitrobenzaldehyde is more reactive toward nucleophilic additions than pmethoxybenzaldehyde. Explain
The presence of electron donating methoxy group in p-methoxybenzaldehyde , makes it less reactive towards nucleophilic additions.
Nucleophilic addition reactions that involve of p-Nitrobenzaldehyde and p-methoxybenzaldehyde both occur at the C=O functional group. The electron density around the carbonyl is a key factor that controls the reactivity of each compound.
In p-Nitrobenzaldehyde, the electron withdrawing nitro group decreases the electron density around the carbonyl making it more vulnerable to nucleophilic attack.
In p-methoxybenzaldehyde, the methoxy group donates electrons by resonance towards the carbonyl thereby increasing the electron density around it so that it is less reactive towards nucleophillic addition reaction.
The nucleophilic attack on p-Nitrobenzaldehyde leads to more resonance structures than nucleophilic attack on p-methoxybenzaldehyde.
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The strongest intermolecular interactions between propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) molecules arise from hydrogen bonding
a. True
b. False
The claim that the strongest intermolecular interactions between propanol molecules arises from hydrogen bonding is True.
Intermolecular forces are weaker attraction forces that are utilized to define physical characteristics of molecules such as:
boiling point temperature densitymelting pointsHydrogen bonding is an type of intermolecular forces.
It is a type of dipole-dipole interaction that only happens when a hydrogen atom is connected to the atomic element of oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.
From the question given, in the propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) molecule, the hydrogen usually has a partially positive charge which attracts the partially negative charge of the oxygen.
Therefore, we can conclude that the claim is True.
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answer this please thank you
Answer:
6am
Explanation:
answer this please thank you
What would be the freezing point of a solution that has a molality of 1.506 m which was prepared by dissolving biphenyl (C12H10) into naphthalene
The freezing point of a solution prepared by dissolving biphenyl (C12H10) into naphthalene is 67.99oC.
Freezing point can be obtained from;
ΔT = K m i
ΔT = freezing point depression
m = molality of the solution = 1.506 m
i = Van't Hoff factor = 1 for molecular substances
K = Freezing constant of naphthalene = 8.15 oC/m
ΔT = 8.15 oC/m × 1.506 m × 1 = 12.27oC
Freezing point of pure naphthalene = 80.26 °C
ΔT = Freezing point of pure naphthalene - Freezing point of solution
Freezing point of solution = Freezing point of pure naphthalene - ΔT
Freezing point of solution = 80.26 °C - 12.27oC = 67.99oC
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The table below shows the dimensions of two colored cubes.
Dimensions of Cubes
Cube Side (cm) Mass
(g)
Yellow 3 135
Black 2 48
Answer: The correct answer is black because the product of its side and mass is lower.
Explanation: The density of a substance is defined as the amount of matter that can be stored in a given volume.
Hence, the black cube will be denser because the product of its side and mass is lower.
Answer: it was wrong on my test
Explanation:
literally dont believe them
an expression of Avogradros law
Answer:
The formula for Avagadro's law is V1/n1 = V2/n2, where V = volume and n = amount of gas (in moles).
Explanation:
plate tectonics-1.gif
What is the above image a representation of?
Answer:
Subduction Process where the oceanic plate subducted under the continental plates because it denser than the Continental plate.
1 ton of methanol are accidentally discharged into a lake. By how much is the biological oxygen demand of this water increased
The biological Oxygen demand of the lake is increased by 1.5 ton.
Discussion:
The reaction of methanol with Oxygen is as follows;
2CH3OH + 3O2 ==> 2CO2 + 4H2O.In the reaction above; Since Methanol, CH3OH and Oxygen, O2 have the same molar mass; 32.
Therefore we can say since;
2 moles of CH3OH requires 3 moles of O2.
Therefore, 1 ton of methanol will require 1.5 ton of oxygen.
The biological Oxygen demand of the water is therefore increased by 1.5 ton as this is the amount of Oxygen consumed by the ethanol.
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Cesium-137 is part of the nuclear waste produced by uranium-235 fission. The half-life of cesium-137 is 30.2 years. How much time is required for the activity of a sample of cesium-137 to fall to 8.32 percent of its original value
Answer:
la primera va con la última
Determine the molarity for each of the following Solution: 98.0 of phosphoric acids H3PO4 in 1.00L of Solution.
The molarity of the solution is 0.01.
Brainliest?
HELP HELP HELP ASAPPPP!
So the question is:
Relate the electron configuration pattern to the general trends in atomic properties in the periodic table including definitions
a. Atomic radii (size)
b. Electronegativity
c. Ionization energy
Answer:
b. Electronegativity
Explanation:
electronic configuration
Select all of the true statements about hydrocarbon structure.
a. Every hydrocarbon molecule is exactly the same as every other one.
b. The ability of carbon atoms to bond strongly to each other allows them to stably form ringed structures.
c. Hydrocarbons contain only single bonds that easily break down into smaller compounds.
d. Hydrocarbons are organic chemical compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Organic compounds are the compounds which are made only from carbon and hydrogen. The correct option is option D that is hydrocarbons are organic chemical compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
There are two types of compound covalent compound and ionic in chemistry, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Hydrocarbons are organic compound. Hydrocarbon can have linear chain structure, ring structure or branched structure.
Therefore, hydrocarbons are organic chemical compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen. The correct option is option D.
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PLS HELP THIS IS TO HARD PLS
When the pressure of an equilibrium mixture of SO2, O2, and SO3 is doubled at constant temperature, what the effect on Kp
When the pressure of the equilibrium mixture of SO2, O2, and SO3 is doubled at constant temperature, the Kp is also doubled.
The equation of the reaction is given by; 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3. The Kp of the reaction is obtained from;
Kp = pSO3^2/pSO2^2 . pO2
Since the Kp depends on the individual partial pressures of each of SO2, O2, and SO3 at equilibrium, if the pressure of the equilibrium mixture is doubled, the Kp is also doubled.
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Which spheres include the water cycle? (Select all that apply.)
biosphere
geosphere
hydrosphere
atmosphere
Answer:
A, B, C, D
Explanation:
The water cycle is included in the atmosphere (water vapor in the air), the geosphere (water collection), the hydrosphere (water on earth: lakes, oceans, rivers), and the biosphere (where water interacts with all living things).
In an ecosystem, the water cycle is included in all the spheres that is biosphere,geosphere,hydrosphere and atmosphere.
What is an ecosystem?Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.
Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.
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guys help me, please
Answer:
radiation, conduction, convection, conduction
Answer:
radiation , conduction, convection, conduction
The melting point of H₂O(s) is 0 °C. Would you expect the melting point of H₂S(s) to be 85 °C, 0 °C or -85 °C.? Justify your choice
Answer:
-85 °C
Explanation:
O and S are in the same group( Group 16). Since S is below O it's atomic mass is higher than O. So molar mass of H2S is higher than H2O. The strength of Vanderwaal Interactions ( London dispersion forces) increases when the molar mass increases. However, only H2O can form H bonds with each other. This is because electronegativity of O is higher than S and therefore H in H2O has a higher partial positive charge than H of H2S.
H bond dominate among these 2 types of forces so the strength of attractions between molecules is higher in H2O than H2S. Therefore more energy should be supplied for H2O to break inter
molecular forces and convert from solid to liquid state than H2S. So mpt of H2O must be higher than that of H2S.
Kinetic energy is described as - The answers are stored energy - destroyed energy movement or created energy if you answer the question I will give you the brainiest.
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What does IUPAC stand for?
Answer: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), established in 1919, is the international body that represents chemistry and related sciences and technologies.
Oxidation Unit Test
Use the galvanic cell reaction to answer the question.
2Cr(s) + 3Cu2+(aq) → 2Cr3+ (aq) + 3Cu(s)
Which half reaction occurs at the cathode?
(1 point)
The reduction half equation of the galvanic cell is is; 3Cu2+(aq) + 3e ------> 3Cu(s).
A galvanic cell is a cell that produces chemical energy by a spontaneous chemical reaction. The equation of the reaction is; 2Cr(s) + 3Cu2+(aq) → 2Cr3+ (aq) + 3Cu(s). We can see that chromium was oxidized and copper was reduced.
Since reduction occurs at the cathode, it follows that the reduction half equation is; 3Cu2+(aq) + 3e ------> 3Cu(s).
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